Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Paupe

Publications and source records attributed to J Paupe.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Continuous treatment of asthma in children with theophylline retard].

Continuous sustained-release theophylline therapy was used in 61 children with severe asthma, aged 5 to 16 years. Mean treatment duration was 5 months 8 days (range: 8 days-16 months). The necessary dosage to obtain correct blood theophylline levels was 18 +/- 3.6 mg/kg/day (range: 10-31 mg/kg/day). The adaptation of the doses to blood theophylline levels and regular check-ups confirmed intrapatient variability and the dose-dependent disposition of theophylline. In 35 of the 42 children (82%) who were observed for more than 3 months, theophylline induced a decrease of the frequency of the attacks and a better attendance to school. Nine times out of 30, oral steroid administration or sustained-release cosyntropin injections could be stopped and in 15, the dosages could be decreased by at least 50%. Evaluations of pulmonary function, performed several times in 12 children, showed that theophylline induces significant bronchodilatation, mostly of the large bronchi.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Tissue histamine levels in male and female normal and nude mice.

In comparison with those in normal (+/+) mice, tissue histamine levels were lower in athymic (nu/nu) female mice and higher in athymic male mice. The sexual difference was less marked or absent in nu/nu mice. These results show (a) that endocrine factors are involved in the distribution of tissue histamine, and (b) that the thymus cannot be considered as the main source of tissue histamine in pathogen-free mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effects of pulmonary function of whole lung irradiation for Wilm's tumour in children.

The effect of whole lung irradiation on lung function was investigated in 48 children treated for Wilm's tumour with pulmonary metastases. Lung function tests were performed before irradiation and were repeated annually for as long as possible, the length of follow-up varying from two to 17 years. A reduction in both lung volume and in dynamic compliance was clearly observed. In some patients these changes occurred in the early post-irradiation months, but in most the decrease observed progressed over longer periods of time. Static pressure volume curves, blood-gases, and carbon monoxide transfer were normal. These findings make it unlikely that post-irradiation pulmonary fibrosis was involved. Another explanation for the decreased lung volume and dynamic compliance might be failure of alveolar multiplication. Muscular injury is unlikely as the patients were able to produce normal transthoracic pressures. A failure of chest wall growth is also possible and would explain the progressive restrictive impairment but not the early lung function changes. It is suggested that the early effects detected in some patients were the result of lung injury and that later effects resulted from impaired chest wall growth.

Child↗
PubMed1981

[The pharmacokinetics of isoniazid in children (author's transl)].

The purpose of this study, which involved 134 children aged between 0.5 and 17 years, was to investigate the metabolism of isoniazid (INH) in children and to provide guide-lines for dosage. The distribution of slow (55,5%) and fast (44,5%) acetylators was the same in children as in adults. However, the mean of INH inactivation index were lower (0.23 and 0.48) while distribution volumes, (1.30 +/- 0.06 and 1.57 +/- 0.17 1/kg) and total plasma clearances (5.39 +/- 0.43 and 14.7 +/- 1.5 ml/Kg/min) were higher than in adults. Plasma half-lives were similar in children and adults. These results indicate that INH is more rapidly metabolized in children owing, it is suggested to a higher liver weight : body weight ratio and to a more pronounced first pass effect. The doses of INH therefore must be higher in children and strictly adapted to each individual.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Respiratory sequelae of severe measles (author's transl)].

Six healthy children, 5 boys and 1 girl aged from 13 months to 4 years had a severe measles bronchopneumonia. The end result is established chronic airflow obstruction. On a background of fairly severe respiratory failure there were paroxysms of breathlessness with fever, wheezes and cyanosis which were little affected by bronchodilators or steroids. The anatomical basis of this syndrome is before all else a bronchiolar obstruction, shown at autopsy in a child dying after four months of the illness. But also there is a disorder of the large bronchi with bronchiectasis and problems with ventilation centrally and/or peripherally. The major radiological signs are airways distension which is always clearly in keeping with emphysema and a thickening of the peri-bronchial walls which are clearly visible on tomography. Thus it appears that measles, as with other respiratory viruses, can lead to permanent sequelae in very young children. It is however possible that the respiratory sequelae may be due to associated viral infections, with adenovirus in particular. On the practical level, the occurrence of an early and severe measles pneumonia in a young child and its persistence with a hypoxia and a lowering of dynamic compliance requires a prolonged follow up and a guarded prognosis. Unfortunately the treatment of this type of chronic airflow obstruction is only symptomatic.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1980

[Drug allergy].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1980

[Bronchospasms induced by acetylcholin and free running exercise. A comparison in 50 asthmatic children (author's transl)].

Fifty asthmatic children were tested for cholinergic bronchial sensitivity and subjected to a free running exercise test; 92% of them showed hypersensitivity to acetylcholine challenge, and exercise-induced bronchospasm occurred in 80%. On pooling the results, 98% had a positive response to at least one of the tests. Qualitatively, there was a correlation between exercise-induced bronchospasm and bronchial sensitivity to acetylcholin in 38 of the 50 children. Quantitatively, however, no correlation could be found between the severity of the exercise-induced bronchospasm and the threshold dose of acetylcholin. This could be explained by the fact that the non-immunological spasmogenic mechanisms involved in the two tests are different.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1980

[Fabry's disease in ophthalmology (author's transl)].

The authors report a new case of Fabry's disease and emphasize the easiness of diagnosis on simple slit lamp examination of the affected males and conductor females. This disease is transmitted as X linked so that both heterozygotes and hemizygotes show a corneal storage known as cornea verticillata. The clinical features are completed by a conjunctival biopsy and the electron microscopy study shows lamellar bodies in the lysozomes.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Measurement of blood theophylline levels in the child: will this affect methods of prescription? (author's transl)].

Twelve children aged between 2 and 13 years received an oral dose of 5 mg/kg of pure theophylline, and 28 children aged between 2 and 15 years were given 10 mg/kg/day of the same drug in 3 or 4 divided doses for 3 days. In the first group blood theophylline levels were higher than 10 microgram/ml, after 1 or 3 hours, in only 3 children, two of whom were receiving erythromycin at the same time. Six hours and 12 hours later, none of the serum levels were higher than 10 microgram/ml. In the second group, estimations were performed on the 4th day. At 8 a.m., when the last dose had been given 12 hours previously, blood theophylline levels were all less than 10 microgram/ml (mean: 4.03 +/- 0,88 microgram/ml). Two hours and four hours after the usual morning dose, serum levels of greater than 10 microgram/ml were found in respectively 35 and 25% of the children only. Since the bronchodilator effect of theophylline is optimal for serum levels of greater than 10 microgram/ml, the dose currently recommended in France (10 mg/kg/day) would thus appear to be insufficient in most instances. However, increase in individual doses must be guided by serum estimations, which make it possible to avoid complications related to overdosage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Leucocyte migration test and hypersensitivity to glafenin.

The leucocyte migration test (LMT) was performed on 20 patients with an intolerance to glafenin--a non-narcotic analgesic drug. LMT was found to be positive in 50% of the subjects with intolerance, a highly significant percentage as compared with the control groups. HSA-glafenin was found to be the most appropriate method for presenting the antigen, but glafenin and its hydroxylated metabolites were only found to induce a migration inhibition in the subjects intolerant to glafenin.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Cellular immunity to penicillin in newborns.

A leukocyte migration micromethod has been used to study the cellular immunity to penicillin (CIP) in newborns. No detectable CIP has been found in newborns who had not been treated with penicillin. Fifteen per cent of the newborns treated with pencillin were found to have a CIP as early as the 12th day of life.

Ampicillin↗