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Biomedical subjects

J Paupe

Publications and source records attributed to J Paupe.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Eosinophilic lung in children].

Pulmonary eosinophilia is an anatomo-clinical entity in which pulmonary parenchymatous infiltrates are associated with tissue hypereosinophilia. Blood eosinophilia which is very frequent but not absolutely constant makes the diagnosis likely. Four case reports illustrating pathophysiological mechanisms show its reality in pediatrics as well as its etiological diversity: parasitosis (filariasis), allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis complicating cystic fibrosis, vasculitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome) and chronic pulmonary eosinophilia, the last diagnosis being a diagnosis of exclusion. Pulmonary eosinophilia is rare in children and might not be recognized by pediatricians. Diagnosis might be urgent, in the case of dyspnea, hypoxia and/or threatening respiratory signs. The severity of some pulmonary eosinophilias emphasizes the toxicity of the eosinophil granulocyte content. Especially, the major basic protein is capable of destroying the pulmonary epithelium and of facilitating human basophil degranulation. The effect of corticosteroid therapy, spectacular in chronic pulmonary eosinophilia, may be related to their inhibitory effect on eosinophils and by stabilizing cellular membranes.

Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary↗
PubMed1985

Inverse correlation between tumor incidence and tissue histamine levels in W/WV, WV/+, and +/+ mice.

The influence of mast cells on tumor incidence and growth rate was studied in 2 grafted tumor models (fibrosarcoma MC-B6-1 and the Lewis lung carcinoma 3LL). Three kinds of WBB6F1 mice (a cross between WB/ReJ-W/+ and C57BL/6J-WV/+ mice) were used: W/WV (deeply mast cell depleted), WV/+ (partially mast cell depleted), and +/+ (normal mast cell number). The presumed resistance of F1 hybrids to tumor cells of parental origin was observed in 12 of 13 +/+ mice, but only in 11 of 22 WV/+ mice and in none of 39 W/WV mice. Tumor incidence and metastasis incidence were inversely correlated with tissue histamine levels and mast cell number. Growth rates of tumors were similar in W/WV and WV/+ mice, but the tumor growth rate was much slower in the only +/+ mouse in which the tumor grew. These results confirm the protective role of mast cells against tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

A study on the reproducibility of specific bronchial provocation testing in children.

Bronchial provocation tests with housedust were carried out on thirty-five asthmatic children aged 4-13. Each patient was tested twice. Subjects were studied with two different doses of allergen: 1200 and 3600 micrograms. There was reproducibility in 80% of the seventy tests performed, allowing confirmation of the reliability of the test. Furthermore, reproducibility was better when lower doses of allergen were inhaled. The intensity of the bronchial response sometimes varied in the same subject. These variations were greater when the inhaled volume increased. Immediate and delayed reactions together and delayed reactions alone were frequent (60% of cases); this should therefore be taken into account when studying the reproducibility of specific bronchial provocation test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Noninvolvement of histamine and prostaglandins in the dermatosis of magnesium-deficient hairless rats.

Hairless rats receiving a deprived Mg2+ diet developed long-lasting inflammatory dermatosis which was not influenced by treatments with mepyramine, cimetidine, aspirin or indomethacin. Dermatosis did not appear in deprived rats treated with intraperitoneal injections of Mg2+, or with dexamethasone. Histamine and prostaglandins did not seem to be involved in this dermatosis. The possible role of leucotrienes is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Viruses and asthma].

More than one-third of infants with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis subsequently experience recurrent episodes of wheezing. In asthmatic children, viral infections frequently trigger asthmatic attacks. Indeed, viruses induce immunological and respiratory functional disorders. As compared with non-wheezing RSV infected infants, wheezing infants with bronchiolitis or asthma due to RSV have: a) increased T-lymphocyte responsiveness to RSV antigen; b) more persistent IgE bound to nasopharyngeal epithelial cells; c) higher titers of RSV-specific IgE and higher histamine concentrations in nasopharyngeal secretions. In children with an atopic constitution, virus infections may trigger allergic sensitization. Furthermore, some viruses enhance the immunologic and non-immunologic human basophil histamine release. Non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity, which is a fundamental feature of asthma, can also be observed to a variable degree in viral respiratory infections. Pulmonary function testing allows in vivo determination of bronchial sensitivity and bronchial reactivity (respectively threshold dose and dose-response curves). Four factors may be involved in bronchoconstriction: a pre-existing diminution of bronchial diameter (which is lacking in many studies); hyperplasia or hypertrophy of bronchial muscles (which is to be excluded in recent viral infections); a non-specific decrease in the threshold for stimulation of irritant receptors due to airway epithelial injury; a partial beta blockade. Further studies are needed to ascertain whether this bronchial hyperreactivity is congenital or acquired.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Selective increased tissue histamine levels in tumour-bearing rodents.

Histamine levels increased in the fundus of mice bearing a primary 3-methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma, and in the ventral skin, skeletal muscle and rumen of rats bearing a D.M.B.A. induced mammary adenocarcinoma; they did not increase in the tissues of mice bearing a McC3-1 fibrosarcoma (38th passage) or a Lewis lung carcinoma before the appearance of metastasis, but an increase in histamine levels was observed in dorsal skin, ventral skin and fundus, after the appearance of metastasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Decreased blood histamine levels in patients with solid malignant tumours.

In a one-year follow-up study, 444 blood histamine determinations were performed in 163 patients with solid malignant tumours. Compared with normal subjects, blood histamine levels were significantly lower in patients with unresected primary tumours (30.7 +/- 19.9 ng ml-1), metastases (34.1 +/- 17.1 ng ml-1), or both (24.5 +/- 12.8 ng ml-1). By contrast, after successful tumour resection, histamine blood levels were nearly normal (52.1 +/- 18.4 ng ml-1, versus 59.6 +/- 22.6 in control patients). Stability of the histamine blood levels was associated with stability of the disease. A progressive decrease in histamine blood levels preceded clinical relapse or detection of metastasis. In patients with consecutive histamine blood levels which were less than 15 ng ml-1, survival did not exceed 2 months. In patients with gastrointestinal tumours, blood histamine levels provided information additional to that derived from serum CEA determination. In patients with non-gastrointestinal tumours, the blood histamine level may be of more value than CEA as a marker of disease progression.

Adult↗