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Biomedical subjects

J Paupe

Publications and source records attributed to J Paupe.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Accelerated desensitization with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in severe asthmatic children. Evaluation after one year of immunotherapy].

An homogeneous group of 17 children with severe chronic asthma were given a rush immunotherapy with standardized Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extracts. Maintenance dose was injected monthly for one year. Symptom and medication scores as well as functional (lung function tests, specific nasal challenges), immunologic and allergic parameters (skin tests, total serum IgE, specific IgE and IgG4) were recorded before and at the end of the study. Rush immunotherapy was well tolerated in spite of some moderate systemic adverse reactions. Symptom and medication scores improved in 10 children. Nasal and skin sensitivity decreased in respectively 3 and 7 children. However there was no correlation between the improvement of quality of life and laboratory results. This study shows that specific immunotherapy is possible in children with severe asthma. Its efficacy should be assessed by symptom and medication scores.

Acari↗
PubMed1990

[Diagnostic approach of pleural effusion in children. Report of 59 cases].

The retrospective analysis of 59 pediatric cases of pleural effusion showed that infectious agents account for 80% of cases. Thoracentesis proved to be the first-line diagnostic tool. Pleural biopsy was diagnostic in four tuberculous and two malignant pleural effusions. The literature data shows that pleural fluid total protein, lactate deshydrogenase, glucose, pH, white blood cell count and differential should be obtained in all patients. Because of the high incidence of infection, microbiologic studies are also indicated in children. These studies are of great value in distinguishing transudates from exsudates and in deciding on pleural drainage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Practical diagnostic approach to anomalies of the aortic arch. Apropos of 31 pediatric cases].

This analysis of 31 cases of anomalies of the aortic arch has confirmed the predominance of subclavian retro-oesophageal arteries and double aortic arches (74% of cases). The age at which the first clinical signs presented was less than one year in 75% of cases. Respiratory signs predominated with recurrent bronchitis (16 cases) and bronchial congestion (9 cases). These signs were not specific for the type of aetiology and were characterised by their chronicity and recurrent nature. Inspiratory and expiratory stridor was found on 8 occasions and was very suggestive of the diagnosis. There was a frequent association of asthma and anomalies of the aortic arch in this series (13 cases) with 6 cases of atopic asthma in early childhood and 7 cases of asthma in infancy. The oesophago-gastroduodenal transit was the key diagnosis which enabled the vascular anomaly to be confirmed. There was, however, a failure on 5 occasions with 2 false negatives and 3 cases where the wrong type was suspected. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy enabled the topography to be established more precisely including the degree of compression (in 14 cases) and showed evidence of associated tracheomalacia in 7 cases. Nuclear magnetic resonance was very helpful, giving a better definition of the anatomical type and of the relationship of the vascular arch with the oesophago-tracheal axis. Broncho-fibroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance make strong contributions towards the indications for operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Value of Imocur in the prevention of recurrent infections in children under six years of age. Results of a multicenter, placebo-controlled trial].

Sixty-four children under six years of age with recurrent ear, nose and throat and/or lower respiratory tract infections (three episodes or more during the previous winter) were included in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the oral bacterial immunomodulator Imocur. Imocur provided better individual protection than the placebo throughout the three-month treatment period and the subsequent three-month follow-up period. Among the patients given Imocur, 34% remained free of infection and 37% required no antimicrobial drugs throughout the six-month study period, as compared with 3% and 10%, respectively, among the controls. The number of infectious episodes per patients during the six-month study period was 4.86 among controls versus 1.66 among patients given Imocur. Use of antimicrobial agents was reduced by half among patients treated with Imocur as compared with controls. Tolerance was outstanding, with no adverse effects among treated patients. These results show that Imocur is an effective immunomodulator for the treatment of recurrent ear, nose and throat and/or lower respiratory tract infections in children.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1990

[Consensus conference. The management of asthma in children].

At this international consensus conference, a number of conclusions concerning the diagnosis and management of childhood asthma were reached. The following practical definition was given to asthma: intermittent wheezing and/or cough in a clinical situation where asthma is likely and less common diseases have been outruled. A thorough clinical history is essential to the diagnosis of asthma. Additional tests are used only to confirm the clinical impression and to provide objective evidence supporting therapeutic recommendations. Multidisciplinary management includes an evaluation of psychosocial factors and patient information. Drugs should be selected according to the severity of the condition: beta-2-agonists for intermittent mild wheezing; cromolyn sodium for moderate to severe asthma; xanthines, ipratropium bromide, and oral corticosteroids in more persistent and severe forms. The child and parents should be told that a normal, physically active life is quite possible if the disease is correctly controlled. The reward for correct management of asthma is resumption, in nearly every case, of a normal life including active participation in sports.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy. I. Induction of T cell-mediated immunity by honeybee venom immunotherapy: relationships with specific antibody responses.

The specific cell-mediated and humoral immune responses of 14 children allergic to honeybee venom were studied. An 8-day rush venom immunotherapy induced an increase in T proliferative (p less than 0.04) and T suppressive (p less than 0.003) cell-specific activities. Antibody variations, an increase in specific IgG4 (p not equal to 0.05), and a decrease in specific IgE (p less than 0.01) were observed 1 year later. Initial high T suppressive cell activity prevents T proliferative cell increase during rush venom immunotherapy. High initial levels of specific IgG1 and specific IgG4 have opposing effects on the increase in T suppressive cell activity, the former being positively correlated with intensive increase (r = 0.840; p less than 0.005), the latter negatively with T suppressive cell increase (r = -0.709; p less than 0.001). These data indicate that there are interrelationships between the cell-mediated immunity and the antibody responses in honeybee allergy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy. II. T proliferative and T suppressive activities induced by Vespula immunotherapy: effects on long-term antibody responses.

Thirty-five children who had exhibited major clinical reactions to yellow jacket stings were desensitized during an 8-day rush immunotherapy (RIT). Maintenance treatment was continued for at least 1 year in all cases and for 2 years in 21 cases. Blood samples, obtained before, during, and after RIT, were analyzed for specific T proliferative (TP) and T suppressive (TS) cell activities and for specific IgE, IgG1, and IgG4 levels. TS and TP cell activities increased during RIT (p less than 0.001) and remained elevated throughout the 2-year follow-up. There were transient rises in specific IgG1 and IgE during RIT, but the levels of both decreased thereafter. Specific IgG4 increased throughout the follow-up period. The data indicate that the levels of specific IgE and specific IgG1 were correlated with TP cell responses (inducers) and TS cells responses (suppressors) and therefore might be controlled by them; data also suggest that TS cell responses should play a role in the IgG4 response. These changes in TS and TP cell responses and antibody responses have been incorporated into a model of antibody-response regulation by cell-mediated immunity in this type of allergy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Comparison between number of basophils, blood histamine, and histamine release in cancer and noncancer patients.

In cancer patients with primary tumor with or without metastasis or metastasis alone, by comparison with healthy subjects and noncancer patients, the decrease in blood histamine levels is due to a decrease in total basophil number. These basophils have a normal content of histamine (1 to 2 pg per basophil) and are able to release histamine. The percentage of anti IgE-induced histamine release is not significantly different than in noncancer patients. The scarcity of basophils in cancer patients is not due to a leukopenia. Blood histamine levels and total basophil number are normal in patients after successful excision of their primary tumor without metastasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Congenital ciliary aplasia in two siblings. A primitive disregulation of ciliogenesis?

Congenital ciliary aplasia was demonstrated in two siblings with clinical history of primary ciliary dyskinesia. Ultrastructural histochemistry of successive bronchial biopsies revealed the predominance of immature mucous cells and the total absence of ciliated or preciliated cells in the respiratory epithelium. This original disorder may represent a unique variant of primary ciliary dyskinesia with primitive disregulation of ciliogenesis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1989

[Beta 2 adrenergic and synthetic atropine drugs as inhalants in asthma in children].

Inhaled medication is a well-known treatment for asthma in childhood, because it is rapidly effective, in low doses, and without resultant side effects. The usual methods of aerosol formation are nebulization, metered-dose inhaler and spacers. We have reviewed the standard devices available and their use with sympathomimetic agents and synthetic atropines.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1989

[Anaphylaxis syndrome induced by exercise].

The authors report the case of a 12 year-old boy with exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Angioedema was the main symptom and was accentuated by ingestion of an orange prior to exercise. Exercise-induced anaphylaxis is due to mast cell degranulation that is triggered by exercise alone or, less commonly, by the combination of a sensitizing food and exercise. The symptoms of exercise-induced anaphylaxis may be moderate or severe, with laryngeal dyspnea and shock. Prevention is based on avoidance of the offending food before exercise and a reduction of the intensity (and even the suppression) of exertion.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1987

Dermatitis due to orthopaedic implants. A review of the literature and report of three cases.

The cases of three patients who had dermatosis that was caused by an orthopaedic implant are reported. The main clinical pattern was localized or generalized eczema or urticaria. The diagnostic criteria that have been proposed by various authors are reviewed. Removal of the implant did not always result in rapid disappearance of the dermatosis, presumably because a few particles of metal remained in the area of the implant.

Adult↗