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Biomedical subjects

J M Jones

Publications and source records attributed to J M Jones.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Immune complexes in urine and serum of patients with bladder cancer.

The urine and/or serum of 43 patients with bladder cancer was tested for the presence of immune complexes. Immune complexes were present more frequently in the urine (38 per cent) than in the serum (23 per cent). Urinary immune complexes were elevated in 10 per cent of the patients with no tumor (group 1), 25 per cent with superficial neoplasms (group 2) and 89 per cent with infiltrating or metastatic disease (group 3), which compared favorably to elevated serum immune complexes in 20, 25 and 33 per cent of the patients, respectively. The incidence of urinary immune complexes was statistically significant when compared in patients with and without active tumors (p less than 0.03), and when group 3 patients were compared to those in group 1 or 2 (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.03, respectively). Unlike serum immune complexes urinary immune complexes appeared to correlate with the presence and stage of bladder cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: evidence for a unified histogenesis.

Four cases of small cell carcinoma of the esophagus, histologically indistinguishable from oat cell carcinoma of the lung, were studied by electron microscopy. Three were composed largely of small cells with neurosecretory granules characteristic of APUD (amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation) cells. Two of these three cases also contained foci of squamous or glandular differentiation, or both. The fourth case was classified as reserve cell carcinoma with squamous differentiation, since the tumor cells were devoid of neurosecretory granules but contained desmosomes and bundles of intracytoplasmic tonofilaments. The evidence provided by these four cases and also by the 48 cases previously reported in the literature supports our hypothesis that a totipotent primitive cell serves as the common precursor for squamous cell, adeno-, and small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. The latter can be subdivided into oat cell and reserve cell carcinomas, both having the propensity for further squamous and glandular differentiation. The hypothesis can also be applied to lung cancer.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
PubMed1984

A randomised study of adjuvant chemotherapy after mantle radiotherapy in supradiaphragmatic Hodgkin's disease PS IA-IIB: a report from the Manchester lymphoma group.

One hundred and fourteen untreated patients with pathological stage (PS) IA-IIB supradiaphragmatic Hodgkin's Disease were randomised to mantle radiotherapy alone (55) or mantle radiotherapy followed by 6 courses of adjuvant chemotherapy with mustine, vinblastine, prednisolone and procarbazine- MVPP (59). Patients excluded were those outside the age range 16-65 years and those with massive mediastinal disease precluding laparotomy. Bulk disease was defined as a mass of lymph nodes measuring five centimetres or more in any axis. Mediastinal bulk was present if the ratio of the maximum width of mediastinal disease to the maximal chest diameter was more than one third. All patients achieved a complete remission. Median duration of follow-up was 62 months (range 16-97). The relapse free survival (RFS) was 81%; 69% for radiotherapy alone and 93% for adjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.002). RFS was also shown to be adversely affected by B symptoms (P = 0.0003), bulk disease (P = 0.018), abnormal CXR (P = 0.037), and increasing stage (P = 0.039). Age, sex, histology, and number of sites involved had no significant effect upon RFS. A Cox multivariate analysis showed that only three variables had a significant adverse effect on RFS - radiotherapy alone, the presence of bulk disease, and B symptoms. The overall 5 year survival was 93% with no statistically significant difference between the two treatment groups (P = 0.54). Survival was adversely affected by three variables - B symptoms (P = 0.02), the presence of bulk disease (P = 0.002), and pathological stage (P = 0.05). High risk groups for relapse are those with bulk and B symptoms. This analysis has shown that RFS was significantly improved by adjuvant chemotherapy, but that overall survival was not.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Intestinal lymphangiectasia in a dog.

An eight-month-old female crossbred terrier was presented with a short history of diarrhoea, dyspnoea and abdominal distension. Clinical examination revealed thoracic effusion, ascites, and subcutaneous oedema. Hypoalbuminaemia, hypoglobulinaemia and lymphopaenia were all present. Histological examination of a jejunal biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of intestinal Iymphangiectasia. Full clinical recovery followed treatment by dietary management.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1984

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the larynx: a light and electron microscopic study with emphasis on histogenesis.

Using light and electron microscopy, we recently studied a mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the larynx and reviewed 66 cases reported in the literature. Histologic features showed the origin of the tumor from the ductule of submucosal seromucous glands. The tumor was characterized by a mixed pattern of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Six types of neoplastic cells were observed under the electron microscope, representing various stages of differentiation of the intermediate cells toward mucus-secreting, keratin-forming, and lumen-lining cells. The true incidence of this type of neoplasm could be higher than is believed because of its frequent misdiagnosis as squamous cell carcinoma. The importance of its differentiation from squamous cell carcinoma is emphasized because this tumor responds poorly to radiation therapy.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Demonstration and solubilization of antigens expressed primarily on the surfaces of Candida albicans germ tubes.

Antisera against mycelial-phase, but not yeast-phase, Candida albicans absorbed with yeast-phase organisms preferentially stained germ tube segments of several strains of mycelial-phase C. albicans by the indirect fluorescent-antibody staining technique. Germ tube segment antigens were not found in significant amounts on blastospore segments or on yeast-phase organisms. Absorption of the mycelial-phase reference sera with yeast-phase C. stellatoidea, but not with C. tropicalis, C. guillermondii, or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, resulted in preferential germ tube segment staining of C. albicans. A dithiothreitol extract of mycelial-phase C. albicans organisms blocked staining of the germ tube segment, but a dithiothreitol extract of yeast-phase organisms did not. When dithiothreitol extracts from both phases were reacted against yeast-absorbed reference sera in tandem crossed and crossed line immunoelectrophoresis, a cross-reacting arc and several arcs unique to the mycelial-phase extract were noted. Immunofluorescent staining tests were performed, using appropriately absorbed sera from patients with candidiasis to stain a laboratory strain of C. albicans. Human tissue slices infected with C. albicans were used as targets for appropriately absorbed rabbit antisera. These human data indicated that antigens preferentially expressed on the germ tube in vitro were also expressed on filamentous structures of the fungus in infected human tissues. In vitro and in vivo, the invasive mycelial phase of C. albicans expresses certain antigens that are highly concentrated on the germ tube.

Antigens, Fungal↗
PubMed1984

Tuberculosis and minimal change nephropathy.

A patient with minimal change nephropathy (MCN) is described who, during the earlier part of his illness, had several relapses each of which promptly responded to treatment with prednisolone but subsequently his proteinuria became refractory to this treatment for nearly two years. Tuberculous osteitis was then discovered and treated. Thereafter, a further course of prednisolone caused a prompt and sustained remission. The natural history of this patient identifies another cause of failure of conventional therapy to induce remission in patients with MNC; highlights the hazards of that therapy; suggests that neither prednisolone nor cyclophosphamide is capable of inhibiting the mechanism causing proteinuria unless the provoking factor has been eliminated and supports Shalhoub's belief that the T lymphocyte may be important in the pathogenesis of MCN.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Marked disparity between trabecular and cortical bone loss with age in healthy men. Measurement by vertebral computed tomography and radial photon absorptiometry.

To define age-related changes in bone mineral content in normal men, we measured radial (proximal and distal) and vertebral bone mineral content in 62 men aged 30 to 92 years. Radial bone mineral content (largely cortical bone) was measured by single photon absorptiometry, and trabecular vertebral content (T12, L1 to L3) by computed tomography. Radial bone mineral content fell gradually (2% to 3.4% per decade) with age, but vertebral trabecular content fell more rapidly (12% per decade). Body size was not associated with the rate of bone loss from the distal radial and vertebral sites, but men with lower surface areas lost bone more rapidly at the predominantly cortical proximal radial site. The fact that radial cortical bone mineral content falls much less rapidly than vertebral trabecular content with age and is also associated with surface area indicates that trabecular and cortical bone compartments may be independently modulated. Age-related bone loss should not be considered a homogeneous process.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Ultrastructural characterization of pulmonary neoplasms. I. The role of electron microscopy in characterization of the most common epithelial neoplasms.

We have attempted to summarize current concepts pertaining to the ultrastructural evaluation of epithelial pulmonary neoplasms, with an emphasis in potential clinicopathological correlations. Routine ultrastructural evaluation of the most commonly encountered pulmonary carcinomas seems to provide, in a significant number of cases, additional information that may be of help in patient management. Immunocytochemistry when employed as an adjunct to electron microscopic evaluation of pulmonary tumors also plays an important role in clarifying morphologic findings. With the advent of specific chemotherapy protocols and future development of monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of neoplasms, accurate tumor classification becomes crucial. The combined use of electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry seems to be extremely useful in providing accurate and reproducible criteria of great potential value in the overall assessment of pulmonary neoplasms. In part II of this study we will address the importance of the ultrastructural evaluation of less common epithelial and mesenchymal pulmonary neoplasms.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Bile diversion from the duodenum: its effect on gastric and pancreatic function.

The effect of diverting bile from the duodenum in four dogs by cholecysto-jejunostomy was studied using a double-marker perfusion technique. During digestion of a liquid meal, acid secretion increased from 0.8 mmol H+/min to 1.48 mmol H+/min (p less than 0.05, paired t test); there was an associated rise in serum levels of gastrin 120 minutes after feeding (p less than 0.001, paired t test). Pancreatic secretion of trypsin decreased from 3.91 IU/min to 2.66 IU/min after bile diversion (p less than 0.01, paired t test) and the level of CCK was significantly lower 60 mins after feeding (p less than 0.05, paired t test). There was no significant change in the rate at which the liquid meal emptied from the stomach after bile diversion but the pH of duodenal contents was lower during the later stages of digestion. These changes may explain the reported increase of peptic ulcer after diverting bile from the duodenum and the procedure should not be considered unless the consequences of acid hypersecretion and pancreatic inhibition have been anticipated.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Recovery in malignant hypertension presenting as acute renal failure.

Malignant hypertension may present occasionally with acute renal failure. Seven patients with this syndrome were admitted to the Renal Unit of the Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, between 1977 and 1981 giving an estimated incidence of one per million of the population per year. All the patients smoked and all had features of microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia. Renal biopsies showed arterial subintimal changes with relative sparing of glomeruli in each case. Good control of blood pressure led to significant recovery of renal function in five of the seven patients after 10-44 days of peritoneal dialysis. Renal function improved progressively over the first year and the improvement has been sustained for an average of 24 months (range 15-62 months). Mean serum creatinine when last measured was 248 mumol/l (range 125-350 mumol/l). These results confirm previous reports of recovery of renal function in patients presenting with acute renal failure and malignant hypertension. The proportion of patients who improve may be higher than has been generally recognised, and recovery may last several years. The pathogenesis of the renal failure is discussed.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1984

Inhibition of cholesterol oxidase in a patient with Cushing's syndrome.

Serum from a patient with Cushing's syndrome who was being treated with mitotane contained components that interfered with determination of cholesterol in the Du Pont aca. A measured concentration of cholesterol of 4.19 g/L in the undiluted serum increased to a calculated concentration of 9.50 g/L in diluted serum. Adding additional cholesterol oxidase (EC 1.1.3.6) overcame the reaction inhibition in the undiluted sample; adding additional cholesterol esterase (EC 3.1.1.13) had no effect. There is the potential for clinically significant underestimation of cholesterol with the aca in such patients, because the interference may remain undetected. On the other hand, the aca accurately quantified undiluted specimens containing as much as 10 g of cholesterol per liter when mitotane was not present.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1984

Teaching psychosocial aspects of coronary care.

For the past two years, Tacoma Family Medicine, Tacoma, Washington. has integrated a curriculum in psychosocial aspects of coronary care with the Coronary Care Unit rotation taken by third-year residents. Goals of the curriculum are to provide information, to foster the development of psychosocial strategies for patient and family care, and to develop greater insight and awareness on the part of residents regarding the psychosocial aspects of coronary care. Attempts are made to meet these goals in a context as closely tied to the clinical management of patients and families as possible. Topics addressed include the biopsychosocial medical model, patient and family responses to cardiac illness, sexual concerns of the coronary patient and spouse, and issues related to cardiac rehabilitation. The format for the curriculum involves didactic presentations, group discussions, and case consultations.

Coronary Care Units↗
PubMed1983

Genetic control of immune responses to Moloney sarcomas in rats: role of non-RT-1 background genes.

Bone marrow chimeras, athymic nude rats and a congeneic strain were utilized to verify and further examine non-RT-1 linked background genes that influence immune responses of BN and LEW rats to Moloney sarcomas. In transplants that did not involve RT-1 incompatibility, infusion of high-responder bone marrow into a lethally irradiated low-responder recipient, or low-responder bone marrow into a high-responder recipient, would restore a high antibody response to the gp70 antigen of MuLV. Such transplants did not restore a high response to the p30 antigen. Athymic nude rats did not exhibit a significant response to either p30 or gp70 while euthymic littermates exhibited a significant response to both antigens. Growth of Moloney sarcomas as well as antibody and cellular responses to antigens expressed by such tumors were measured in LEW-IN rats which carry the RT-1 of BN and the background of LEW. For each of these parameters, LEW-IN resembled LEW more closely than BN.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Antibody response of immunodeficient (xid) CBA/N mice to Escherichia coli 0113 lipopolysaccharide, a thymus-independent antigen.

CBA/N mice, which possess an X-linked immunodeficiency (xid), produce a convincing antibody response to lipopolysaccharide derived from Escherichia coli 0113 (LPS 0113), a thymus-independent antigen. The antibody response produced was shown to be specific for the O-polysaccharide moiety of LPS 0113, rather than lipid A or lipid-A-associated protein. The relevance of this finding to the nature of the genetic defect of xid-mice is discussed.

Animals↗