Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Lecomte.
Starling-Landis concepts of formation of interstitial fluids are in agreement with measurements of calf volume in normal young women, in horizontal recumbency or after horizontal immersion. The volume of the calf is reduced when the hydrostatic pressure of the blood column is diminished under the phlebostatic level and when the external pressure is increased by the hydrostatic pressure of the water bath.
The urinary excretion of noradrenaline, adrenaline and creatinine has been studied in normal young individuals during a water bath at 38 degrees C for 40 minutes. The noradrenalinuria and the ratio noradrenalinuria/creatininuria are decreased, indicating an inhibition of the vasomotor activity of the orthosympathetic system. This inhibition is related to the consequence of the external hydrostatic pressure of the water filling the intrathoracic venous reservoirs and increasing the systemic blood pressure at the sino-baroreceptor level, hyperthermia playing a very limited role.
Investigation of the localization in the central nervous system of the rat of an epileptogenic agent, methylseleno-2-benzoic acid, did not lead to its selective distribution in the cerebral cortex or in the brainstem in relation with its biological activity. But a systematic study of the distribution of this compound labelled with 75Se at a high specific activity has revealed a rate of fixation by the pineal gland 4 to 5 times higher than that of other tissues of the central nervous system. After a survival time of 4 hours, the radioactivity of the pineal gland exceeds that of the blood. A parallel study of the distribution of the 75SeO3- ion on the one hand of the 35S homolog of the 75Se compound on the other hand has demonstrated that the fixation by the pineal gland is bound to the molecular structure of the selenium compound.
Acute hypercapnic hypoxia provoked by the ligature of the trachea kills the rat in 3 to 5 minutes. Catecholaminemia is immediately increased by adrenaline release from the adrenal medulla for the largest part. Catecholamine contents of the suprarenal glands is not decreased at the time of death.
When introduced as a gas into the abdominal cavity of the rat, oxygen above the initial concentration of 10 % provokes vasodilatation, perivascular oedematous infiltrations and fluid formation. These lesions are entirely reversible. Antihistaminics (promethazine and mepyramine 2 mg/100 g completely inhibit vascular lesions.
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Three organo-selenium compounds have been synthetized : methyl seleno-2 benzoic acid, acetylseleno-2 benzoic acid and diselenosalicylic acid. These compounds induce convulsive seizures in the rat, the most active of them being methyl seleno 2 benzoic acid. Convulsions are stopped after anaesthesia with pentobarbitone.
In the rat, desoxycorticosterone (3 to 10 mg p. kg) does not modify the systemic vasoconstriction provoked by noradrenaline even in presence of an excess of sodium chloride. This mineralo-steroid reduces the vasodilatation induced by isoprenaline. Sodium chloride in excess potentiates this inhibition.