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Biomedical subjects

J Kelly

Publications and source records attributed to J Kelly.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Antepartum fetal heart rate monitoring in multiple pregnancy.

The assessment of fetal wellbeing in patients with multiple pregnancy by nonstressed antepartum cardiotocography is technically feasible and of clinical value. In 50 patients (101 babies) who were monitored during the antepartum period, there were five patients in whom one of a pair of twins showed a non-reactive cardiotogram. Four of these babies died (two intrauterine deaths and two neonatal deaths). All of these five babies were growth retarded at birth. The cardiotocograms from the other 96 fetuses were 'reactive' and these babies were normal. Cardiotocography seems to be a better predictor of perinatal mortality and morbidity than serial urinary oestrogens or serial biparietal diameter measurements in multiple pregnancy.

Estrogens↗
PubMed1979

Digoxin in the elderly: pharmacokinetic consequences of old age.

A study of single-dose digoxin kinetics was performed in 6 young and 7 elderly patients. The rate of absorption, determined by the time to peak concentration after an oral dose, was more rapid in the younger group. The extent of absorption, as measured by comparison of the area under the plasma concentration/time curve after oral and intravenous administration, was similar in both groups. Mean plasma half-life was longer and individual values were more variable in the elderly patients. The absolute apparent volume of distribution was reduced in the older patients and correlated inversely with age. When corrected for weight, however, the difference in the apparent volume of distribution did not approach significance. Both absolute and weight-corrected values for plasma clearance of digoxin were reduced in the elderly subjects.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

GABA and hypothalamic feeding systems. II. A comparison of GABA, glycine and actylcholine agonists and their antagonists.

Microinjections of various compounds into the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVH) were made and the effects on feeding observed. During the light phase of the lighting cycle, injections of 0.3 microliter of muscimol (100 ng) and flurazepam diHCl (20 micrograms) increased feeding. Similar injections of glycine (500 ng) did not influence feeding during the light phase. During the dark phase, 0.3 microliter injections of bicuculline methiodide (30 ng) and picrotoxin (160 ng) suppressed feeding. Similar i-jections of carbachol increased drinking during the dark phase. Injections of strychnine during this phase were without effect. Tilt box activity levels were not altered by injection of picrotoxin (160 ng) into the PVH.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1979

Vesicovaginal fistulae.

The aetiology, methods of repair and results are described in 616 patients with vesicovaginal fistulae (26 also had rectovaginal fistulae). The cure rate was 81%.

Africa↗
PubMed1979

Unstressed antepartum cardiotocography in the management of the fetus suspected of growth retardation.

A detailed analysis of the antenatal cardiotocographs (CTGs) in 57 patients with suspected fetal growth retardation is presented. Four traces were normal and 53 were 'non-reactive'. 'Non-reactive' traces can be sub-divided into three categories, which, in order of severity are, 'suspect', 'flat' and 'ominous'. When compared with the 'suspect' group, perinatal mortality was significantly increased and the Apgar scores at one and five minutes significantly decreased in the 'flat' and 'ominous' groups. The presence of fetal distress in labour was significantly higher in the 'flat' group as compared with the 'suspect' group. Intrauterine deaths occurred only in the 'ominous' group. With experience, ten patients later in the series with 'ominous' patterns were delivered within 24 hours of the detection of such and nine infants survived. At follow-up between 6 and 34 months after birth, psychomotor development was normal in 47 of the 49 surviving infants.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1979

Effects of ascorbic acid and sodium ascorbate on cyclic nucleotide metabolism in human lymphocytes.

L-ascorbic acid (LAA) augmented cGMP many-fold in highly purified human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The cGMP response occurred within 10 sec and persisted for at least 60 min. D-ascorbic acid (DAA) and dehydroascorbic acid (DHAA) were also equally active in enhancing cGMP concentrations but metabolic precursors of ascorbic acid and other inorganic acids did not increase cGMP levels. Determination of the amount of DHAA contaminating the LAA precluded the possibility that it was solely responsible for the enhanced cGMP levels. The sodium or calcium salts of ascorbic acid did not increase cGMP concentrations. If these neutralized preparations were acidified, increased cGMP concentrations were then noted. In broken cell preparations, LAA, DAA, and DHAA and to a lesser extent sodium ascorbate (NaA) enhanced guanylate cyclase activity while neither inhibited cAMP or cGMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity. The possible role of H2O2, fatty acid liberation, prostaglandin production, oxidizing-reducing agents, and free radical formation in mediating the effects of ascorbic acid on cGMP levels were evaluated, but none of these potential mechanisms were definitively proven to be a required intermediary for the cGMP enhancing activity of ascorbic acid. LAA, DHAA or NaA did not induce lymphocyte transformation or modulate lectin-induced mitogenesis.

2',3'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1979

'Oscopy' in children. Urethroscopy, cystoscopy and vaginoscopy.

Recent advances in paediatric endoscopic equipment have simplified and improved paediatric urinary and vaginal endoscopy. Urinary endoscopy is usually performed when radiology has already demonstrated an abnormality; in the bladder mainly for further investigation, but in the urethra frequently for therapy as well. Vaginoscopy in childhood is usually more satisfactory using a panendoscope than a conventional speculum. The indications for endoscopy in childhood include most of the local pathological processes.

Colposcopy↗
PubMed1978

An evaluation of the continuous tissue pH electrode (tpH) during labor in the human fetus.

The subcutaneous tissue pH (tpH) of 31 fetuses has been measured continuously during labor using the tissue electrode designed by Stamm and adapted for fetal use by ROCHE Medical and Laboratory Systems. There were seven failures, 16 reliable readings, and eight erratic and low readings. Comparison of the reliable tpH readings with scalp capillary blood pH showed a correlation coefficient of 0.64 (p less than 0.001). Comparison of the last intrapartum tissue pH value and cord arterial blood pH showed a correlation coefficient of 0.86 (p less than 0.001). Difficulty in application of the electrode to the fetal scalp appears to be the biggest problem and this is also responsible for unreliable readings. Technical improvements and a substantial increase in the number of the available electrodes and accessory instruments are necessary before this procedure becomes a routine clinical tool in the delivery suite.

Analgesia↗
PubMed1978

Ambulation in labour.

In a randomised prospective study of 68 women in spontaneous labour half were allocated to an ambulant group and half to a recumbent group. The duration of labour was significantly shorter, the need for analgesia significantly less, and the incidence of fetal heart abnormalities significantly smaller in the ambulant group than in the recumbent group. Apgar scores at one and five minutes were also significantly greater in the ambulant group. More patients in the recumbent group required augmentations with oxytocic drugs. There was no statistically significant difference in the third stage loss in the two groups. Ambulation in labour should be encouraged: it may bring human benefits while allowing the advantages of hospital supervision.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Lack of linkage between hereditary angioedema and the A and B loci of the HLA system.

A large 81 member, four-generation black family with hereditary angioedema is reported with regards to its clinical course and the association with the histocompatibility system. No mortality was seen related directly to the disease. Assuming that this trait is autosomal dominant it appeared to have no linkage with the histocompatibility system as noted by an estimated recombination rate in males and females of 0.5 and a maximum lod score of 0.0. Further evidence of no linkage is given by the fact that lod scores below -3.0 were observed for values of theta less than 0.5.

Angioedema↗