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Biomedical subjects

J Kelly

Publications and source records attributed to J Kelly.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Attitudes to audit.

An exercise in audit was arranged jointly by the Local Medical Committee and the Royal College of General Practitioners in the Doncaster area. This was followed up by a questionnaire enquiring about attitudes to the audit.The proportion of doctors who did the audit was low (28 per cent overall and 7 per cent for doctors who had graduated abroad). The followup questionnaire was answered by 28 (78 per cent) of the doctors who had done the audit and by 25 (38 per cent) of those who had not. There was strong opposition to outside control of audit and some respondents even had doubts about control from within the profession.If the Doncaster findings are representative of other areas of the country, the future outlook for audit in general practice is bleak.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1982

A randomized controlled trial of non-stress antepartum cardiotocography.

In a prospective randomized controlled study of non-stress antepartum cardiotocography (CTG), involving 569 tracings in 300 patients, "non-reactive' traces showed a significant association with still-births and neonatal deaths, intrauterine growth retardation, admission to special care baby unit for conditions associated with intrauterine hypoxia, and low Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min. The report of the CTG was made available to the clinician in 144 patients and withheld in 156 patients. With the report available, significantly more patients were allowed to continue their antenatal care as out-patients, and significantly more antenatal in-patients were allowed home. There were no other significant differences in management, or outcome in the two groups.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1982

Another cause of reversible dementia: sleep deprivation due to prostatism.

A case history is presented of a patient with treatable dementia of unusual pathogenesis. Fear of urinary incontinence associated with nocturia and urgency caused the patient to deprive himself of sleep, resulting in slowed mentation and apathy that was diagnosed as chronic organic brain syndrome for approximately one year. When his benign prostatic hypertrophy was surgically corrected, the patient allowed himself normal sleep, and the "chronic brain syndrome" cleared completely.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Necrotizing choledochomalacia after use of monooctanoin to dissolve bile-duct stones.

A 72-year-old man with choledocholithiasis, demonstrated radiologically, was treated by constant perfusion through the gallbladder of monooctanoin (glyceryl-1-monooctanoate) following cholecystostomy for a perforated gallbladder. The monooctanoin was given at a rate of 7.5 ml/h and monitored to ensure that delivery pressure did not rise above 20 cm H2O. Perfusion was carried out for 60 hours, but could not be continued because of abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. This was followed by progressive jaundice, anorexia and fever. The patient was treated with penicillin G and cefoxitin intravenously and metronidazole orally, but he died 5 weeks after the perfusion. Autopsy showed acute pancreatitis and cholangitis, and a biliary tree filled with pus and a black biliary cast. No calculi were present. The authors consider the possible causes for this patient's death.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Additional forebrain regions projecting to the posterior pituitary: preoptic region, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and zona incerta.

Following the injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland of adult albino rats, scattered retrogradely labeled neurons were observed in the caudal part of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (ventrally and laterally), in the median and periventricular preoptic nuclei, in the medial and lateral preoptic areas, in the zona incerta, and in the substantia innominata. Immunohistochemical studies indicate that oxytocin-containing, or a mixture of vasopressin- and oxytocin-containing neurons are present in each of these areas. These findings suggest that the cells of the magnocellular neurosecretory system are more widely distributed than has previously been reported.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Purification of maize alcohol dehydrogenase-1 allozymes and comparison of their tryptic peptides.

Two naturally occurring allozymes of alcohol dehydrogenase-1 in maize have been purified to homogeneity. Specific activity, molecular weight and amino acid composition have been determined. The difference between these two allozymes was further studied by comparisons of tryptic peptides using a fingerprinting technique. Excellent maps were obtained which resolved 29 out of the 30 peptides which were maximally possible. These allozymes differ in one peptide, consistent with a single, charged amino acid replacement. These results are related to the differences which have been shown to exist between the genes which specify these two allozymes.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1980

Observational studies of retarded children with multiple stereotyped movements.

Stereotyped movements, such as body rocking and hand gesturing, are common among developmentally delayed children. However, very little is known concerning the naturally occurring circumstances that produce variability in this type of responding. Three relatively long-term observational studies, involving seven preschool children, each of whom exhibited multiple stereotypies, were conducted to determine the extent to which the type of activity or setting had any effect upon the rates of these responses. Repeated observations were made of each child during a variety of school activities. In two studies, adult-child interactions were also recorded. The results showed that, in general, the particular activity greatly affected rates of stereotyped behavior, although there were some marked individual differences. Moreover, in two studies variability was apparent across sessions within a particular setting. For some of the children, there was evidence that their multiple stereotypies were functionally interrelated. Adult interactions, as recorded in one study, appear to be both quantitatively and qualitatively different for stereotyping as contrasted with nonstereotyping children. An environmental analysis employing a sequential model indicated that there were teacher behaviors that affected the frequency and/or conditional probability of the child's aberrant behavior.

Child↗
PubMed1980

Development of directional responses to sounds in the rat (Rattus norvegicus).

The first of two experiments was carried out to examine the tendency of rat infants (13-20 days of age) to approach auditory stimulation. Tests were conducted in a circular maze with a central start area and eight response areas at the periphery. Stimuli were played back over a loudspeaker placed behind one of the eight response areas. Signals included species calls at high and low intensities. A control condition with blank tapes was also used. The subjects showed a clear tendency to approach the low-intensity playback of a species "social" vocalization but did not approach the other stimuli. The aim of the second experiment was to investigate the importance of binaural cues for localization. Rat infants were tested with one ear blocked, both ears blocked, or neither ear blocked. The effect of the ear plug(s) was to attenuate the sound approximately 10 dB. The results indicated that only the binaurally blocked and normal control subjects approached the sound source at above chance levels. The failure of subjects in the monaural group to approach the sound probably resulted from a disruption of binaural cues. The ability of rat infants to localize sounds and process binaural cues is discussed in relation to the onset of hearing and in terms of physiological response that are present early in ontogeny.

Aging↗
PubMed1980

Age and beta adrenoceptor-mediated function.

Beta adrenoceptor-mediated responsiveness to isoproterenol was compared in young and old subjects using the production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) by lymphocytes as an index. The mean log dose-response curve for the elderly group was displaced to the right and the mean maximum response was less than that for the young subjects. The results corroborate evidence of a decreased response to isoproterenol-induced increases in heart rate in the elderly and raise the possibility of a generalized decrease in beta adrenoceptor-mediated functions in old age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Eukaryotic DNA segments capable of autonomous replication in yeast.

A selective scheme is presented for isolating sequences capable of replicating autonomously in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. YIp5, a vector that contains the yeast gene ura3, does not transform a ura3 deletion mutant to Ura+. Hybrid YIp5-Escherichia coli DNA molecules also fail to produce transformants. However, collections of molecular hybrids between YIp5 and DNA from any of six eukaryotes tested (S. cerevisiae, Neurospora crassa, Dictyostelium discoideum Ceanhorabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, and Zea mays) do transform the deletion mutant. The Ura+ transformants grow slowly, are unstable under nonselective conditions, and carry the transforming DNA as autonomously replicating, supercoiled circular molecules. Such a phenotype is qualitatively identical to that of strains transformed by molecules containing a yeast chromosomal origin of replication. Thus, these DNA hybrid molecules may contain eukaryotic origins of replication. The isolated sequences may be useful in determiing the signals controlling DNA replication in yeast and in studying both DNA replication and transformation in other eukaryotic organisms.

Caenorhabditis↗
PubMed1980

The continuous measurement of tissue pH in the human fetus during labour using a new application technique.

The subcutaneous tissue pH (tpH) of 61 fetuses has been measured continuously during labour using the tissue pH electrode designed by Stamm (Stamm et al, 1976) and adapted for use by Roche Medical and Laboratory Systems. These 61 fetuses fell chronologically into two groups: Group 1 comprised 31 fetuses in whom the original method of fixation to the fetal scalp was used, and Group 2 comprised 30 fetuses in whom the fixation apparatus incorporated the latest technical developments of the double spiral electrocardiograph (ECG) electrode and the fetal tpH Applicator Tool Set Model 678449. Better results were obtained with Model 678449.

Electrodes↗