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Biomedical subjects

J Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to J Inoue.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Clinical evaluation of the captopril screening test for primary aldosteronism.

In order to investigate the validity of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition with captopril as a screening test for primary aldosteronism (PA), 50 mg of captopril were administered orally to 7 patients with PA, 17 with essential hypertension (EH), 5 with renovascular hypertension (RVH), 2 with renoparenchymal hypertension (RH) and 8 normal volunteers. The plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) was suppressed to less than 15 ng/dl in all of the EH, RVH and RH patients and normal subjects 90 min after administration of captopril, but not suppressed in 6 of 7 patients with PA. In addition, the plasma renin activity (PRA) was increased to greater than 1 ng/ml/h in 10 of 17 patients with EH and in all with RVH, RH and the normal controls, but to less than that in 6 of 7 PA and the remaining EH patients. The PAC to PRA ratio after captopril was greater than 20 in all patients with PA, while it remained below 20 in EH, RVH and RH patients and normal controls. From these results, we conclude that the PAC to PRA ratio in the captopril administration test is a simple and useful tool to detect PA in hypertensive patients. In addition, the test has a great advantage in that it can be safely applied to outpatients with relatively severe hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The p40x of human T-cell leukemia virus type I is a trans-acting activator of viral gene transcription.

Human T-cell leukemia virus type I has a unique sequence pX and the product p40x was proposed to be a specific trans-acting transcriptional activator of expression of the viral gene. Recently, a second pX protein p27x-III in addition to p40x was identified; these two proteins are encoded by overlapping frames III and IV (x-lor). For determination of which product is the trans-acting activator, site-directed mutations were introduced into the pX sequence which was placed under the metallothionein promoter. On cotransfection with pLTR-CAT (a plasmid containing the LTR of HTLV-I and chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene), only the mutations that affected p40x expression inactivated the transcriptional activation from the LTR.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1985

[Topographic mapping of regional cerebral blood flow by xenon-enhanced CT--introducing a simplified method as a routine examination].

Measurement of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) has become a routine examinations in the field of clinical neurology and neurosurgery. Therefore, various methods for measuring rCBF have been developed. Among them, xenon-enhanced CT method has many advantages compared with others. An obtainable topographic flow map, high anatomical spatial resolution, and readily available instrument, namely CT scanner, are regarded as the advantages. On the one hand, anesthetic effects of xenon gas on the patients, taking a great expense for a single examination, and a significant dose of radiation delivered to the patients are thought to be the disadvantages. Due to the disadvantages, xenon-enhanced CT is regarded as an unpractical examination. In the paper, we introduce a method with a brief xenon inhalation, named a simplified method, with which the disadvantages can be avoided. Conventional xenon-enhanced CT requires 20 to 25 minute inhalation of xenon gas in order to achieve a saturation of xenon in the cerebral tissue for a calculation of the partition coefficients (L). In the simplified method, instead of using the calculated L, L was given as 1.0 in all the cerebral regions and xenon gas was terminated at 4 minute inhalation. Four minute inhalation of xenon gas did not make any significant anesthetic effects on the patients nor the changes of physiological parameters, such as, PaCO2 and blood pressure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Volume Determination↗
PubMed1985

[Bone changes with long term administration of low dose 1-34 human PTH on adult beagles].

It has been suggested that prolonged administration of low dose PTH could exert an anabolic effect on the bone. The effects of near-physiological dose of PTH injection on trabecular and cortical bones were studied in normal young adult beagles. Twelve 18 month-old male beagle dogs were equally divided into 4 groups by body weight. The 1st group serving as the control was subcutaneously injected with 1 ml of normal saline, and the 2nd, the 3rd and the 4th groups were also subcutaneously injected with 1.25, 5.0, 20.0 unit/kg/day of synthetic 1-34 human PTH respectively everyday for 15 weeks. Then, over the following 8 weeks, administration of all vehicle and drugs was withdrawn. After double bone labeling, iliac bone and rib biopsies were taken before and after the drug administration and after the withdrawal. The effects were evaluated with blood chemical and hormonal analysis and bone histomorphometry. No significant changes were noted in serum Ca, P, PTH, calcitonin and 1,25 (OH)2 vit.D levels and A1-P activities with some exceptions. Bone histomorphometry on trabecular bone showed remarkable and statistically significant elevation of formation surface, active formation surface, mineral appositional rate, labeled surface and bone formation rate. On the other hand, bone resorption rate and some other resorption parameters showed a significant elevation but trabecular bone volume showed no significant increase. In cortical bone, the bone dynamics were essentially equal to trabecular bone. But by the increase of bone turnover rate, cortical porosity rate increased. After withdrawal of drug administration, the bone turnover rate went down and a rate of cortical porosity returned to normal level. From these results it was postulated that PTH was effective in activating low remodeling of the skeleton.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Accumulation of 99mTc methylene diphosphonate in malignant pleural and ascitic effusion.

Increased accumulation of radioactivity was observed in malignant pleural and ascitic effusion as to a patient with stomach cancer and in malignant pleural effusions as to 2 patients (1 with breast cancer and another with lung cancer) during the performance of routine whole-body bone scans with 99mTc methylene diphosphonate. This finding should strongly suggest malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Study on serum antistreptococcal esterase among school children.

Antistreptococcal esterase (an antibody to extracellular esterase produced by Group A streptococci: ASE) was evaluated according to Hayano's method by using an assay kit on sera of children from two schools, one (F-school) in a non-epidemic state and the other (I-school) in an epidemic state of Group A streptococcal infection. Out of 104 children of F-school, 51 with negative throat cultures for Group A streptococci showed a mean serum ASE titer of 191 +/- 144 unit, and 53 with positive throat cultures for Group A streptococci showed a mean serum ASE titer of 360 +/- 147 unit. Follow-up determinations on serum antibodies to four Group A streptococcal antigens were performed on the children from I-school during a period of 13 months after an epidemic infection of Group A streptococci. The initially elevated serum ASE titer showed a decreasing trend on subsequent bleedings during the study period as well as antistreptolysin O (ASO) and antideoxyribonuclease B (ADN-B) titers. However, the changing pattern of the antistreptococcal polysaccharide (ASP) titer was different from that of the other three antibodies. A positive correlation was observed statistically between ASE and ASO titers, and also between ASE and ADN-B titers. The ASE tests appear to be useful for serological evidence of a streptococcal infection.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1984

Interrelation between plasma amino acid composition and growth hormone secretion in patients with liver cirrhosis.

We examined the possibility that abnormalities of growth hormone (GH) release in cirrhotic patients were related to a reduction in the ratio of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) to aromatic amino acids (AAAs) in plasma. The intravenous infusion of 250 micrograms of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) caused a significant rise in plasma GH greater than 5 ng/ml and more than twice as much as the basal levels in 7 out of 15 patients (responders) but an insignificant rise in the remaining patients (non-responders). The difference in the basal GH level was not significant. The oral glucose load suppressed plasma GH in all of the normal subjects and 6 of 7 non-responders, while it was elevated in 6 of 7 responders and one of the non-responders. The ratio of BCAAs to AAAs in the plasma of cirrhotic patients was 1.21 +/- 0.38, which was significantly lower than that of normal subjects (3.31 +/- 0.42, p less than 0.01). In addition, there was a significant difference between responders and non-responders in the ratios (0.96 +/- 0.22 vs 1.42 +/- 0.36, p less than 0.05). An inversely significant correlation (p less than 0.05) between the ratios of BCAAs to AAAs in plasma and the peak levels of GH after TRH injection was observed when all subjects were combined, but no correlation was found between the ratios and the peak levels of GH after oral glucose loading. There were also significant correlations (p less than 0.01) between the ratios and various parameters including the serum albumin, cholinesterase and indocyanine green disappearance rate constant (KICG).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

Elevated serum calcitonin levels in patients with thyroid disorders.

Serum calcitonin was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in 63 patients with hyperthyroidism, 37 with hypothyroidism, 9 with surgically proven medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and 81 normal subjects. Provocative tests of calcitonin by calcium infusion were performed in 11 with hyperthyroidism, 10 with hypothyroidism, 6 with MTC and 14 normal subjects. Changes of calcitonin were also studied before and after treatment in 17 patients with hyperthyroidism and 12 with hypothyroidism. The basal calcitonin levels were increased in both hyperthyroidism (117 +/- 60.1 pg/ml (mean +/- SD): n = 63, P less than 0.001) and hypothyroidism (137 +/- 107 pg/ml, n = 37, P less than 0.001), and significantly increased in MTC 14 765 +/- 25 039 pg/ml, range 390 to 70 400 pg/ml, n = 9, P less than 0.001) compared with those in normal subjects (45.8 +/- 22.3 pg/ml, n = 81). Increases of calcitonin during calcium load (iv 4.5 mg calcium/kg for 10 min) were significantly lower in both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism patients than in those in MTC. The calcitonin levels were not correlated with the serum T3, T4, TSH concentrations or titres of serum antithyroid antibodies in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. We found some tendency toward decreasing calcitonin levels with the euthyroid state after treatment in both groups, but the changes were not significant. Although exact mechanisms of increased calcitonin in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were not clear, our findings suggest that a 2- to 3-fold elevation of calcitonin levels in these patients did not indicate malignancy; MTC could be readily differentiated by a calcium infusion test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Effect of elcatonin on experimental osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy and low calcium diet in beagles].

Effect of elcatonin, a synthesized analogue of eel calcitonin, on experimental osteoporosis in beagles induced by ovariectomy and a low calcium diet was studied. Twelve female beagles, 15-18 months old, were divided equally into 3 groups. The first group of beagles were ovariectomized and then fed a low calcium diet, Ca: 0.08%, (ovariectomy plus low Ca diet group); the second group was subjected to the same procedure and diet plus daily injection of elcatonin, 1.0 u/kg, i.m., (elcatonin group); and the third group was fed a standard diet, Ca: 1.36%, (control group) for 6 months. The undecalcified bone sections from the iliac crest were analyzed using histomorphometric methods following in vivo double labeling with Calcein. In the ovariectomy plus low Ca diet group, there were a decrease in trabecular bone volume and an increase in both resorption and formation surface of the trabeculae compared with the control group. These changes of trabecular bone volume and resorption surface were significantly prevented by daily injection of elcatonin. The increase of formation surface of trabeculae and mineral appositional rate was noted in the elcatonin group in comparison with the ovariectomy plus low Ca diet group. These results suggested that elcatonin could prevent bone loss caused by deficiency of sex hormone and dietary calcium.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

A follow-up study on epidemic infections of Group A streptococci in a small community.

The throat carrier rates of Group A streptococci and the antibody titers to 3 antigens of Group A streptococci, i.e., antistreptolysin O (ASO), antideoxyribonuclease B (ADN-B) and antistreptococcal polysaccharide (ASP) were followed up from October, 1980 through November, 1981 for the children living in a religious organization in Kyoto, where epidemic infections of Group A streptococci had occurred from August to October, 1980. The recovery rate of Group A streptococci from the throat increased throughout the present study period, and the high carrier rate of Group A streptococci was maintained especially for first 8 months after the epidemic infection. Type 4 was present throughout the entire 13-month period. Although the ASO and ADN-B titers, both of which had initially risen, decreased during the present study period, the ASP levels peaked after about 4-8 months and decreased after 13 months. None of the children showed evidence of rheumatic fever with continuous observation.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗