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Biomedical subjects

J Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to J Inoue.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Nucleotide sequence of the protease-coding region in an infectious DNA of simian retrovirus (STLV) of the HTLV-I family.

A provirus clone of simian T-cell leukemia virus isolated from a pigtailed monkey (PT-STLV), which is 90% homologous to HTLV-I, was shown to be biologically active in transfection assay. In transfected cells, gp61env, Pr55gag, and the mature gag proteins p24, p21, and p15 were detected, and type C particles were produced. The virus could be transmitted from the transfectants to recipient cells by cocultivation. In this biologically active provirus clone, a coding frame, possibly for protease, was identified between the gag and pol genes. The corrected sequence of the protease region of HTLV-I was also found to have a single open reading frame overlapping the gag and pol genes, although it has an amber codon in the middle of the frame. Thus, a single coding frame, which is different from those of gag and pol, is common to proteases of the HTLV family including HTLV-I.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Hearing loss in airplane crew].

From 1970 through 1984, 289 airplane crew who failed to satisfy criteria for physical examination for airplane crew were studied. The hearing loss in left ear was more frequently found than in the right. Because noise level (Leq) in cockpit was found to be about 90 dB, the noise did not seem to have caused the hearing loss. The authors presumed that hearing loss in cockpit crew might be either due to head phone sound from which the aircrew hear ATC (Air Traffic Control) from the control tower or to an individual hypersusceptibility.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[The influence of infrasound upon human body].

UNLABELLED: The authors reported the results of an experiment which used an infrasound generator with a loudspeaker attached. METHOD: Hearing threshold, body sway, respiration, pulse, blood pressure, ECG, ENG, GSR and OKN were evaluated with three different stimulations: whole body exposure, exposure by head phone and whole body exposure with ear plug. RESULTS: The hearing threshold showed no significant difference between whole body exposure and exposure by head phone, while it was significantly raised with whole body exposure with ear plug. Body sway was more prominent with stimulation at 15 Hz than at 10 Hz and individual variability was more marked at 15 Hz. Respiration, pulse, blood pressure, ECG, ENG, GSR and OKN showed no remarkable change. No nystagmus was seen any at exposure.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[The data base of physical examination for airline pilots].

A data-base system which record new type physical examination of airline crew is now making in Ministry of Transportation. But old type physical records which had submitted for 15 years are still kept. In this report, the authors studied about the data base system which records old type physical examination data. The file structure of data base, data type of each items, interface of old type and new type record are discussed. Finally, to avoid all technical difficulties, the stimulation of generating large scale data base which uses 108,000 data was also studied.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed1986

Direct evidence that p40x of human T-cell leukemia virus type I is a trans-acting transcriptional activator.

Human T-cell leukemia virus type I has a unique sequence, pX, between the env gene and the 3'LTR (long terminal repeat). This sequence codes for p40x, which was proposed to trans-activate transcription from the LTR. Recently, we identified novel pX proteins coded by frame III, which mostly overlaps frame IV (x-lor, coding for p40x), in a region also overlapped by frame II. To determine which product is responsible for the trans-acting function, we constructed an active provirus clone, pMTPX, that contained a genomic fragment of the env, pX and 3'LTR, and introduced site-directed mutations into the active site. The effects of various deletions and point mutations that distinguished each of the overlapping open reading frames (ORFs), II, III and IV, on trans-activation of pLTR-CAT were treated by co-transfection assays. The results showed that only mutations which affected p40x expression resulted in loss of activity for transcriptional activation. These findings clearly indicate that p40x coded by frame IV is responsible for the transcriptional activation of the LTR. This conclusion was confirmed by studies on expression of cDNA of pX mRNA.

Amnion↗
PubMed1986

Induction of interleukin 2 receptor gene expression by p40x encoded by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1.

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is an etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). A viral product, p40x, encoded by the pX sequence of HTLV-1 is a trans-acting transcriptional activator of the long terminal repeat (LTR) and has been suspected of involvement in leukemogenesis, activating the cellular genes. The cellular interleukin-2 (IL-2) and its receptor (IL-2R), the latter of which is expressed on ATL leukemic cells, were shown to be transiently induced by transfection of plasmid pMTPX expressing pX in two T-cell lines, Jurkat and HSB-2, but not in other human T- or B-cell lines. The cell type specificity of IL-2R induction by pX expression was the same as that by phytohaemagglutinin/phorbol ester activation, indicating the requirement for some specific cellular factors or a certain state of cellular differentiation. Induction of IL-2 and IL-2R at mRNA level was also demonstrated in transfected cells. Transfections with mutants of pMTPX in which the open reading frames for p40x, p27x-III and p21x-III were inactivated indicated that p40x alone was sufficient for induction of the IL-2R in inducible cells. This induction of the IL-2R by p40x of HTLV-1 may contribute to preferential proliferation of HTLV-1 infected cells at an early stage of ATL development and eventually increase the number of putative target cells for malignant transformation.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1986

Myocardial and vascular uptake of a bone tracer associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism.

A patient on chronic hemodialysis, with secondary hyperparathyroidism was referred for a radionuclide bone-imaging study. Deposition of 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) was apparent in the myocardium and abdominal blood vessels, as well as in the skeleton by four-color processed scintigraphy. Plain radiographs of the chest and abdomen demonstrated no calcification in the myocardium or abdominal blood vessels. Several possible mechanism for this uptake are discussed briefly.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Pheochromocytoma associated with adrenocortical adenoma: case report and literature review.

The case of a 60-year-old woman with pheochromocytoma and concomitant adrenocortical adenoma in the same gland is presented. She complained of episodic headache, palpitation, nausea, vomiting and sweating. Physical examination revealed that the patient has generalized obesity, wet skin and paroxysmal hypertension, but no signs of Cushing's syndrome. Elevated levels of urinary noradrenaline, adrenaline and total metanephrine were sequentially observed. In addition, urinary 17-OHCS was also slightly elevated, but plasma cortisol was normal and suppressed after oral administration of 0.5 mg of dexamethasone. Abdominal echography and CT scanning demonstrated a left adrenal tumor, which took up both 131I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine and 75Se-scintadoren in the same region. A left adrenalectomy was performed and the tumor was found to consist of two parts, pheochromocytoma (2.5 X 2.5 X 2.5 cm) and cortical adenoma (2.5 X 3 X 5 cm). A total of 23 reported cases showing evidence of hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex and the medulla were noted. So far as we know, this patient was the second case of pheochromocytoma with adrenocortical adenoma in Japan.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Mechanism of the gene expression of HTLV-I and its association with ATL.

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and a trans-acting viral function was proposed to be involved in ATL development because of the non-specific provirus integration in leukemic cells and the frequent immortalization of helper T-cells by in vitro infection. An extra sequence "pX" in the HTLV-1 genome codes for three proteins, p40x-, p27x- and p21x-, and the p40x- is trans-activator of transcription from the viral LTR. A sequence of 21 bp repeats in the LTR was found to be an enhancer and respond to the trans-activation by p40x-. The transient expression of p40x- also activates a cellular gene for interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R) in helper T-cell lines. This induction of IL-2R may explain the mechanism of preferential growth of HTLV-1 infected cells and may be an early event of ATL development. For practical purposes, the env gene fragments was expressed in E. coli as fusion proteins with beta-galactosidase. Using these fusion proteins, a diagnostic system detecting anti-env antibodies was developed. Immunization of monkeys with these envelope-fusion proteins protected the monkeys from the viral infection, suggesting possible usage of envelope proteins as vaccine.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[A clinicopathologic study of dilated cardiomyopathy in the aged].

UNLABELLED: This is a report of a clinicopathologic study of seven cases with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) among 3,000 consecutive autopsied cases 60 years or more in age. In this study DCM in the aged was defined as 1) cases of refractory heart failure with marked cardiomegaly of unknown cause by clinical and pathologic examinations, excluding hypertensive heart disease, ischemic heart disease, and valvular heart disease, and 2) pathologic examinations showing cardiac weight more than 400 g, normal coronary arteries with less than 9/15 coronary stenotic index (CSI) and a globular shaped heart with marked dilatation of the left ventricle. The following results were obtained: Seven cases of DCM in the aged consisted of two men and five women with an average age of 69.7 years. The incidence was 0.23% (7/3,000 autopsies). The average age of this group was less than those with other heart diseases such as myocardial infarction or valvular disease in the aged. CLINICAL FINDINGS: The clinical course ranged from 3 to 22 years with a mean of 12 years. The symptoms of three of the seven cases persisted from the middle age. Electrocardiograms showed atrial fibrillation in five cases (71%), left bundle branch block in three (43%) and complete heart block in one (14%). The mean cardiothoracic ratio was 77.3%. Valvular regurgitation was detected in five cases including five with mitral regurgitation (MR) and three with tricuspid regurgitation (TR). All patients died of cardiac events. Pathologic findings: The heart weights ranged from 410 g to 600 g, with an average of 527 g, and a CSI from 1/15 to 8/15 with a mean of 4.4/15. Though five cases had valvular regurgitation, no primary change was observed in the corresponding valves. Therefore, the valvular regurgitation in these cases were attributed to secondary changes due to dilatation of the valve ring and/or associated decreased compliance of the ventricular wall. The circumferences of the atrioventricular valve rings were enlarged, but the semilunar valve rings were in normal range. Bilateral atrial and ventricular volumes calculated morphologically were larger [201 ml (normal 77 ml) and 83 ml (normal 29 ml), respectively]. Three cases had mural thrombi, two of whom developed pulmonary infarction. Histologically, there were three cases with the fibrosis dominant type, two with the hypertrophy dominant type, one with the degenerative type, and one of the mixed type, respectively.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

The activity of membranes reconstituted from HVJ envelope proteins and lipids to induce hemolysis and fusion between liposomes and erythrocytes.

A simple method for preparation of lipid-free envelope proteins (HN protein and F protein) of HVJ (Sendai virus) was developed. Reconstituted 'envelopes' were then prepared from envelope proteins and various lipids by the detergent dialysis method, and the activity to induce hemolysis and fusion between liposome and erythrocyte was studied. Lipid-free envelope protein aggregates could induce hemolysis and liposome-erythrocyte fusion. The activity was however greatly augmented by incorporation of envelope proteins into membrane of viral total lipids. Hemolytic and fusogenic activity was somewhat augmented by incorporation of envelope proteins into dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol (1:1, molar ratio) and dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol (1:1), though the augmentation was lower than that observed with viral total lipids. When 'envelopes' were reconstituted with the proteins and viral total lipids supplemented with phosphatidylethanolamine, two kinds of 'envelopes' were prepared; one was permeable to Dextran (Mr 75000) and hemolytic, and the other was impermeable to Dextran and nonhemolytic. The latter acquired hemolytic activity after subjection to freezing and thawing, and its barrier function was lost concomitantly. The study suggests that envelope proteins (HN protein and F protein) could function without lipids but their activity was greatly influenced by not only the composition of additional lipids but also mode of arrangement of components on the reconstituted membranes.

Cell Fusion↗
PubMed1985

HVJ-induced fusion of liposome to erythrocyte. Possible involvement of virus-induced activated state of erythrocyte membranes during fusion process.

HVJ-induced fusion between liposomes and erythrocytes was examined as a model of cell-cell fusion and the following results were obtained: Liposome-liposome fusion seldom occurred in the presence of HVJ. Liposomes free of receptors for viral HN protein could efficiently fuse with erythrocytes when the concentration of liposomes and erythrocytes was high. Direct interaction between HVJ and liposomes should be negligible in the present system. A distinct lag phase (10 min) was observed before the liposome-erythrocyte fusion occurred appreciably. Efficiency of the liposome-erythrocyte fusion decreased linearly up to 1 h after stopping the virus-erythrocyte fusion. The former fusion was almost negligible after 1 h but could be restored by further addition of HVJ. Efficiency of the liposome-erythrocyte fusion was suppressed significantly when erythrocytes were pretreated with N-ethylmaleimide (N-EM), a membrane-permeable sulfhydryl agent, whereas rho-chloromercuriphenylsulfonic acid (PCMBS), a membrane-impermeable sulfhydryl agent, had no appreciable effect on the fusion efficiency. The study suggests possible involvement of some HVJ-induced 'activated state' of the erythrocyte membrane during the process inducing the liposome-erythrocyte fusion. The structure including the membrane skeleton system may be responsible for producing an 'activated state' in the erythrocyte membrane. Such an 'activated state' was induced 10 min after the viral infection to erythrocytes, and thereafter decayed gradually.

Cell Fusion↗
PubMed1985

A classification of in vivo bone labels after double labeling in canine bones.

Labeling patterns were classified after double bone labeling of four male beagles, 10 months of age. Calcein and oxytetracycline were given on the 18th and the 7th day prior to simultaneous iliac and 11th rib biopsies. Undecalcified sections stained with the Villanueva bone stain were studied by epifluorescence microscopy. Five structures were identified and classified: the first or green label, the interlabel layer of mineralized bone, the second or yellow label, the post double-labeled mineralized bone layer, and osteoid seams. Doubly plus singly labeled surface equalled 40.8 +/- 8.4% of the total trabecular surface of the ilium. Doubly labeled surface as a percent of the total labeled surfaces equaled 55.5% in trabeculae and 68.1% in osteons, whereas green first-singly labeled surface equaled 24.2% and 11.9%, respectively, and yellow second-singly labeled surface equaled 20.3% and 20.0%, respectively. Unequivocal examples appeared in both biopsy sites of all four dogs of bone-forming systems that lacked one or the other label, or both, and also of systems in which cessation of mineralization or of new matrix formation occurred between the two labels and between the second label and the day of biopsy. The findings prove that the On-Off states in active bone-forming sites that have been postulated by other investigators do exist. Since widely different labeling patterns appeared in different bone-forming centers in the same bone and the same animal, a local factor rather than a systemic one should control those differences at the level of the BMU.

Animals↗