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Biomedical subjects

J Horiguchi

Publications and source records attributed to J Horiguchi.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Neuroleptic-induced Meige's syndrome following akathisia: pharmacologic characteristics.

A 52-year-old schizophrenic patient acutely showed blepharospasm and oromandibular dystonia following neuroleptic-induced akathisia. She had suffered from schizophrenia and been treated with neuroleptics for 15 years and had manifested tardive dyskinesia 5 years ago. Following a change in her neuroleptic medication, severe akathisia developed. Two days after the appearance of akathisia, blepharospasm and oromandibular dystonia appeared. After the disappearance of akathisia, the disorder continued. The frequency of blepharospasm ranged from 30 to 40 (times/min). The oral administration of trihexyphenidyl (6 mg/day), perphenazine (12 mg/day), and fluphenazine (12 mg/day) significantly decreased the frequency of blepharospasm, whereas carbamazepine (600 mg/day) and sulpiride (1200 mg/day) did not. These results suggest that overactivity of both cholinergic and dopaminergic functions in the striatum may be involved in this patient. Our patient, who showed acute onset of Meige's syndrome following neuroleptic-induced akathisia, is of interest to those studying the pathogenesis of Meige's syndrome.

Akathisia, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1998

Phyllodes tumor showing intracystic growth: a case report.

A phyllodes tumor often grows rapidly and occasionally contains microcysts; however, the tumor rarely shows a morphologically intracystic pattern. We experienced a rare case of a phyllodes tumor with a solid mass growing into the cyst. A 62-year-old female noticed a tumor in her right breast in January 1995. The tumor grew rapidly and she visited our out-patient clinic in February 1995. On physical examination, a 10 x 8 cm, well defined and movable mass with a smooth surface was palpated in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast. Mammography showed a large tumor shadow in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast without any microcalcification. Ultrasonography revealed a large cystic shadow with a low echoic lesion and solid component with heterogeneous internal echo in the cyst. Under general anesthesia, the tumor was widely excised. The resected specimen was 11.5 x 11 x 11 cm in size and the tumor was not invasive to surrounding tissues. Old bloody fluid was contained within the cyst. The gross appearance showed papillary process protrusions into a central cystic cavity. Histological examination revealed a borderline case of phyllodes tumor. Two years after the operation, she is doing well without any recurrence.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1998

Prolonged P300 latency in eating disorders.

This study investigated event-related potential (ERP) indices of information-processing in eating disorders. ERPs during an auditory two-tone discrimination task were recorded at midline at 3 sites in 28 anorexic patients, 12 low-weight bulimic patients (body mass index (BMI) under 17.5), 12 normal-weight bulimic patients (BMI over 17.5), and 40 control subjects. The P300 latency was significantly prolonged at all sites in both bulimic groups compared with that in controls, and at frontal and central electrode sites in anorexics. In contrast, the P300 amplitude did not differ between these groups at any site. The prolonged P300 latency in eating disorders suggests a task-related slowing of perceptual decisions that reflects their cognitive impairment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

c-erbB-2 status is an independent predictor of survival after first recurrence.

We studied retrospectively the interaction between c-erbB-2 overexpression and the prognosis in 239 invasive breast cancer patients who underwent radical operations between January 1984 and April 1991. The c-erbB-2 protein was overexpressed in 42 (17.6%) of 239 patients. There was no correlation between c-erbB-2 overexpression and age at operation, tumor size, lymph node involvement, or clinical stage. Only an inverse correlation was found between c-erbB-2 overexpression and hormone receptor levels. Patients with c-erbB-2 overexpression had a significantly worse overall survival than those without c-erbB-2 overexpression. In relation to lymph node involvement or estrogen receptor status, a significant difference in overall survival between the c-erbB-2-positive and -negative groups was found in patients with lymph node metastasis or in those with estrogen receptor-negative tumors. Out of 237 patients (two were lost to follow-up), 42 recurred and 25 died of breast cancer. The c-erbB-2-negative patients survived significantly longer after the time of first recurrence than the c-erbB-2-positive patients. In a multivariate analysis using Cox proportional-hazard regression model, c-erbB-2 status and disease-free interval were independent predictors of survival after first recurrence. In conclusion, c-erbB-2 status is an independent prognostic indicator of survival after first recurrence.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1998

Angiogenesis and stromal fibronectin expression in invasive breast carcinoma.

Angiogenesis and stromal fibronectin (SFN) expression were immunohistochemically analyzed in 83 breast cancer specimens. Microvessel count (MVC), which correlated with lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, recurrence, and mortality, was relatively low in SFN-positive tumors. SFN expression did not correlate with lymph node metastases or tumor size. However, SFN positivity was less likely in patients with recurrent disease than in those without recurrence, and relapse-free survival was significantly better in patients with SFN-positive tumors than in those with SFN-negative tumors. MVC and SFN positivity were significant independent predictors of relapse-free survival as well as tumor size and axillary nodal status (Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis). Angiogenesis and SFN expression, both of which are inversely related, can be used prognostically in patients with breast cancer.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1998

Inhibitory effects of an antiestrogen, toremifene, on the phorbol ester-induced adhesive capacity of breast carcinoma cells.

Previous studies have revealed that protein kinase C (PKC) is responsible for malignant progression. In the present study, we investigated the potent inhibitory effects of an antiestrogen, toremifene, on PKC-mediated cellular adhesion. A phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), significantly enhanced alpha2beta1 integrin-dependent adhesion of MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells. This PMA-induced adhesion was partially inhibited by incubating cells with toremifene prior to PMA exposure in a time- and dose-dependent manner. FACS analysis demonstrated that the PMA-induced alpha2beta1-dependent cellular adhesion was accompanied with elevated expression of alpha2beta1+integrin subunit on the cell surface. However, toremifene did not affect the elevated expression levels of these integrins but rather the avidity of alpha2beta1 integrin. We concluded that toremifene inhibited cellular adhesion activated by PMA, probably through mechanism which inhibits PKC.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1998

[Genetic testing for ret mutation for early diagnosis and treatment in familial medullary thyroid carcinoma: a case report].

A 13-year-old girl and her older sister were referred to our hospital because her father and another older sister and been suffering from medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Physical examinations revealed no thyroid mass. Ultrasonography (US) detected a small hypoechoic lesion in the right thyroid lobe, 3 mm in size. The serum calcitonin level was slightly elevated for their age. One and half year later, US finding showed a slightly larger mass, 7 mm in size, which was not palpable. Genetic testing for ret protooncogene mutation revealed a point mutation at codon 634 (Cys-->Arg) in exon 11. Surgical treatment was recommended, however, the patient wanted to receive it only after the admission to senior high school. Her sister had no mutation in ret protooncogene. The patient underwent total thyroidectomy with modified neck dissection at 16 years of age. At that time, a new mass emerged in the left thyroid lobe and the serum calcitonin level increased to 171 pg/ml. MTC was found in each lobe with positive staining of CEA and carcitonin. No lymph node metasis was found. Her postoperative course was uneventful. Genetic testing for ret mutation is effective for early diagnosis and treatment of patient with FMTC, and is recommended as standard management for hereditary MTC in affected families.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

A New Endocrine Therapy Strategy for Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer: The Effect of Biological Response Modifiers and 22-Oxacarcitriol on Animal Models.

To consider the treatment order of hormonal agents is very important in order to achieve a higher quality of life (QOL) and better survival rates in breast cancer patients with bone metastasis. Tamoxifen (TAM) or a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH )analogue is the first-line, an LH-RH analogue (or TAM) the second-line, and medroxyprogesterone acetate(MPA) the third-line treatment in premenopausal patients with breast cancer. In postmenopausal patients, TAM (or toremifene) is the first-line, an aromatase inhibitor the second-line, and MPA the third-line treatment. In experimental studies using female Sprague-Dawley rats with 7, 12-dimethylbenz ma]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary carcinoma, biological response modifiers (BRM)(Krestin, Picibanil) and a vitamin D3 analogue, 22-oxacarcitriol (OCT)augmented the antitumor effect of hormonal agents. A combination of hormonal agents and BRM or OCT may be the endocrine therapy of choice for bone metastasis of breast cancer.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

Effect of dantrolene on KCl- or NMDA-induced intracellular Ca2+ changes and spontaneous Ca2+ oscillation in cultured rat frontal cortical neurons.

Dantrolene has been known to affect intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) by inhibiting Ca2+ release from intracellular stores in cultured neurons. We were interested in examining this property of dantrolene in influencing the [Ca2+]i affected by the NMDA receptor ligands, KCl, L-type Ca2+ channel blocker nifedipine, and two other intracellular Ca2(+)-mobilizing agents caffeine and bradykinin. Effect of dantrolene on the spontaneous oscillation of [Ca2+]i was also examined. Dantrolene in microM concentrations dose-dependently inhibited the increase in [Ca2+]i elicited by NMDA and KCl. AP-5, MK-801 (NMDA antagonists), and nifedipine respectively reduced the NMDA and KCl-induced increase in [Ca2+]i. Dantrolene, added to the buffer solution together with the antagonists or nifedipine, caused a further reduction in [Ca2+]i to a degree similar to that seen with dantrolene alone inhibiting the increase in [Ca2+]i caused by NMDA or KCl. At 30 microM, dantrolene partially inhibited caffeine-induced increase in [Ca2+]i whereas it has no effect on the bradykinin-induced change in [Ca2+]i. The spontaneous oscillation of [Ca2+]i in frontal cortical neurons was reduced both in amplitude and in base line concentration in the presence of 10 microM dantrolene. Our results indicate that dantrolene's mobilizing effects on intracellular Ca2+ stores operate independently from the influxed Ca2+ and that a component of the apparent increase in [Ca2+]i elicited by NMDA or KCl represents a dantrolene-sensitive Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. Results also suggest that dantrolene does not affect the IP3-gated release of intracellular Ca2+ and that the spontaneous Ca2+ oscillation is, at least partially, under the control of Ca2+ mobilization from internal stores.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Involvement of the alpha2-adrenergic system in polydipsia in schizophrenic patients: a pilot study.

Animal studies have suggested the involvement of the adrenergic system in drinking behavior. The present study investigated the involvement of the alpha2-adrenergic system in the polydipsia of patients with chronic schizophrenia by use of an alpha2 agonist and an antagonist. Four patients with schizophrenic disorders accompanied by intermittent hyponatremia and polydipsia were the subjects of, and completed, this study. Drinking behavior was assessed by calculating the percent of maximum weight gain [PMWG: (maximum diurnal weight - standard weight) x 100/standard weight]. Standard weight was defined as body weight after 8 h of water restriction. Clonidine (75, 150, and 225 mg/day) increased the PMWG in a dose-dependent manner in the four subjects. In contrast, in three of the subjects, mianserin (30, 60, and 90 mg/day) decreased PMWG, and the severe polydipsia disappeared almost completely. These findings indicate clearly that the alpha2-adrenergic system is involved in the drinking behavior of schizophrenic patients. Mianserin appears to be clinically useful in treating such patients with polydipsia.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1997

Spindle cell carcinoma of the breast.

Spindle cell carcinoma is a rare breast tumor. We present herein three cases of spindle cell carcinoma of the breast and review its characteristics from the literature. Spindle cell carcinoma frequently forms a large and well-circumscribed tumor with gross cyst formation. Histologically, its dominant component is of sheets of spindle shaped cells, and it includes such contiguous carcinoma components as squamous differentiation or invasive ductal carcinoma. Estrogen receptor expression and lymph node metastasis tend to be low. Despite the sarcomatous features, spindle cells are likely to be derived from epithelial cells of mammary glands. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examination demonstrated the expression of keratin and the desmosome-like junctional structure in the spindle cell components. Relatively favorable prognosis is expected in spindle cell carcinoma of the breast compared to common breast carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Benefits of trazodone and mianserin for patients with late-life chronic schizophrenia and tardive dyskinesia: an add-on, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of mianserin and trazodone as antidepressants with serotonin 2 antagonist properties on negative symptoms and tardive dyskinesia in elderly patients with chronic schizophrenia. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study the dose of each drug was increased gradually, from 20 mg/day mianserin to 60 mg/day, and from 50 mg/day trazodone to 200 mg/day. Symptoms were assessed using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms and the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale every week for 5 weeks. A total of 38 patients (23 men and 15 women) completed the trial. Mianserin (n = 13) and trazodone (n = 12) did not alter the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale positive symptom factor over the 5 weeks. In the mianserin group, the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms total score decreased significantly after 5 weeks. Scores of 'affective flattening and blunting' and 'alogia' scores on the Scale for assessment of Negative Symptoms decreased significantly in both treatment groups. In the trazodone group, the decrease in the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale total score was statistically significant at weeks 2 and 3. Results indicate that serotonergic antidepressants, when used in conjunction with neuroleptics, are safe and effective for treating negative symptoms in elderly patients with chronic schizophrenia. Results also indicated a possible beneficial effect of trazodone in treating tardive dyskinesia.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1997

A polysomnographic study on periodic limb movements in patients with restless legs syndrome and neuroleptic-induced akathisia.

Eighteen patients with restless legs syndrome (RLS) and 4 patients with neuroleptic-induced akathisia (NIA) underwent all-night polysomnographic recordings before and during clonazepam treatment. Ten normal control subjects and 4 non-akathitic psychiatric patients treated with neuroleptics underwent polysomnographic recordings, which were compared with those of the RLS and NIA patients, respectively. Daily treatment with 0.5 to 3 mg clonazepam improved subjective complaints of 17 out of 18 patients with RLS and all the 4 patients with NIA. All the 18 patients with RLS exhibited periodic limb movements (PLM) on the polysomnograms before treatment, but only 2 of 10 control subjects exhibited PLM. Three of the 4 patients with NIA exhibited PLM, but none of the 4 controls on neuroleptics showed PLM. Clonazepam decreased the total number of PLM per hour in patients of both RLS and NIA.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Periodic limb movement disorder in neuroleptic-induced akathisia.

We recorded all-night polysomnograms of four schizophrenic patients with neuroleptic-induced akathisia (NIA) before and during treatment with clonazepam. Also, four non-akathitic schizophrenic patients were recorded all-night polysomnograms as control subjects. Daily treatment with 1.5 to 3 mg clonazepam improved subjective complaints of all the 4 patients with NIA. Three of 4 patients with NIA exhibited periodic limb movements (PLM) on bilateral legs, but none of 4 control subjects showed PLM. Total number of PLM and PLM per hour decreased during clonazepam treatment. Moreover, mean inter-movement intervals of PLM of 3 patients were prolonged on bilateral legs. NIA might change its feature as PLM during night sleep.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Survey of the living conditions and psychosomatic states of the elderly in Japan who receive home help.

The living conditions and psychosomatic states of 2828 elderly people receiving care from home helpers were investigated. The physical condition of men was significantly lower than that of women. With regard to daily life (i.e. eating, sitting, standing, excretion, dressing, bathing, walking, tidiness) 70% were rated as being self-supporting. Eighty per cent of subjects were judged as having normal intelligence. Twenty-two per cent of subjects had more than one psychiatric symptom (e.g. memory impairment, insomnia, talking to oneself, and delusions). Among the various medico-welfare supports, home help was recommended most often.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1996

[Increasing resolution of cerebral small arteries in 3D TOF MR angiography: efficacy of nitroglycerin-MRA (NTG-MRA) in patients with neurovascular disease].

MRI and MRA were performed in 63 patients suspected of having neurovascular disease. NTG-MRA enabled us to visualize cerebral small peripheral arteries more clearly. Most stenotic sites were seen as slightly dilatated after NTG administration. Secondly, we examined whether there was any significant difference in the resolution of small arteries according to the presence or absence of neurovascular disease. With NTG-MRA, the rate of increase in resolution in patients with neurovascular stenosis was significantly higher than that in patients without neurovascular stenosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Prognostic significance of c-erbB-2 expression in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.

The expression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein was studied in relation to the histological type of invasive ductal carcinoma. The expression of c-erbB-2 was found in 26 (17.6%) of 148 cases, and was a significant prognostic indicator in patients with lymph node metastasis, but not in those without. The patients were divided into a scirrhous group and a non-scirrhous group on the basis of histological type. There was no significant difference between the two groups in age, clinical stage, lymph node status, estrogen receptor status, operation method or c-erbB-2 expression. The expression of c-erbB-2 was a significant prognostic indicator in the scirrhous group, irrespective of lymph node metastasis, but not in the non-scirrhous group. We conclude that the prognostic significance of c-erbB-2 expression differs among histological types of invasive ductal carcinoma, and that c-erbB-2 expression is a prognostic indicator in patients with scirrhous carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗