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Biomedical subjects

J E Cooper

Publications and source records attributed to J E Cooper.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Occurrence of the lungworms Capillaria and Crenosoma spp. in British hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus).

Fifty-three dead hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) were investigated histologically for evidence of lungworm infestation. The faeces of forty-two were examined microscopically for nematode eggs. Thirty-five animals showed parasitic lesions--fourteen Crenosoma only, five Capillaria only and sixteen both. Infestations were characterized by inflammatory changes in the trachea and lung and the presence of worms in other organs. There was some correlation between the finding of parasites in histological sections and the detection of eggs in faeces but, neither method appears completely reliable.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Use of enzyme histochemistry in the diagnosis of pancreatoblastoma.

The macroscopic, light microscopic and ultrastructural findings in a case of pancreatoblastoma in a neonate are presented. No evidence for exocrine or endocrine secretion could be found by histochemistry, immunocytochemistry or electron microscopy. However, enzyme histochemical techniques to localize activity of 'glucose-6-phosphatase', acid phosphatase, esterase and esteroprotease supported both a pancreatic origin for the tumour and a biphasic pattern of differentiation.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1988

A new treatment for urethral strictures.

A urethral stent, originally developed for endovascular use, was implanted into eight patients with urethral strictures after experimental studies in the canine urethra. The stent is woven in the form of a tubular mesh from surgical grade stainless steel wire and is self-expanding when released from its small-diameter delivery catheter. At follow-up 6 months to 1 year postoperatively (mean 8 months) all had a good calibre urethra. Urethroscopy showed complete epithelial covering of the implant at 4-6 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Isolation of Rhizobium loti Strain-Specific DNA Sequences by Subtraction Hybridization.

Mixed-phase (heterogeneous) and single-phase (homogeneous) DNA subtraction-hybridization methods were used to isolate specific DNA probes for closely related Rhizobium loti strains. In the heterogeneous method, DNA from the prospective probe strain was repeatedly hybridized to a mixture of DNA from cross-hybridizing strains (subtracter DNA) which was immobilized on an epoxy-activated cellulose matrix. Probe strain sequences which shared homology with the matrix-bound subtracter DNA hybridized to it, leaving unique probe strain sequences in the mobile phase. In the homogeneous method, probe strain sequences were hybridized in solution to biotinylated, mercurated subtracter DNA. Biotinylated, mercurated subtracer DNA and probe strain sequences hybridized to it were removed by two-step affinity chromatography on streptavidin-agarose and thiol-Sepharose. The specificity of the sequences remaining after subtraction hybridization by both methods was assessed and compared by colony hybridization with R. loti strains. Both methods allowed the rapid isolation of strain-specific DNA fragments which were suitable for use as probes.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

Trichomoniasis in free-living goshawks (Accipiter gentilis gentilis) from Great Britain.

The goshawk Accipiter gentilis has recently been reintroduced into parts of Great Britain. During the course of a study of one population, lesions of stomatitis were observed in 14 young from five broods and all the affected birds died. Postmortem examination of three birds revealed live Trichomonas gallinae in exudate from one, and histological findings consistent with a diagnosis of trichomoniasis were made in this and one other bird. It is suggested that trichomoniasis may be a significant mortality factor in goshawks from Britain.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Investigation of deaths in marine iguanas (Amblyrhynchus cristatus) on Galapagos.

Large numbers of marine iguanas (Amblyrhynchus cristatus Bell) died on the Galapagos between December 1982 and August 1983. Gross and histopathological examination of five of these animals and comparison with three 1984 individuals indicated that the former had died of starvation. This was attributed to an inability to digest new species of algae which had flourished in the sea because of a rise in temperature associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation event in 1982 to 83. In 1984 to 85, after El Niño, conditions on the islands returned to normal; the original algal flora began to predominate and the iguana population showed a marked recovery, with increased rates of growth, survival and reproduction.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Barrett's esophagus in children: a histologic and histochemical study of 11 cases.

Columnar epithelium-lined esophagus is an acquired phenomenon arising secondarily to chronic mucosal injury from gastroesophageal reflux. This report documents 11 children with complications of reflux and the histologic finding of gastric mucosa in the esophagus. Five children had strictures, one requiring esophageal replacement and four treated by antireflux surgery followed by sleeve-resection of a short fibrotic stricture. Specimens from two patients showed mild dysplasia and from six others slight nuclear atypia. Intestinal metaplasia was apparent in one case on routine histology and was revealed in six other cases by mucin histochemical strains. The significance of the histopathologic findings is discussed in the context of possible malignant potential.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Identification of lotus rhizobia by direct DNA hybridization of crushed root nodules.

Hybridization of crushed Lotus pedunculatus root nodules with P-labeled total genomic DNA probes was used to identify Rhizobium loti and Bradyrhizobium sp. (Lotus rhizobia). Probes always hybridized with homologous target DNA and frequently with DNAs of other strains from the same genus. Intergeneric hybridization did not occur. Results were comparable to those from colony hybridization.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1987

The incidence of schizophrenia in Nottingham.

Attempts were made to identify, and include in a two-year follow-up study, every patient living in the catchment area of the Mapperley group of psychiatric hospitals in Nottingham (population 390,000) who made their first-ever contact with the psychiatric services for a potentially schizophrenic illness during a two-year period (1 August 1978 to 31 July 1980). Screening was based upon symptoms rather than diagnosis, covering both in-patient and out-patient services; a consensus diagnosis using ICD-9 was made by the project team. The Nottingham Psychiatric Case Register was used in a retrospective Leakage Study which added nine cases to the 99 identified by the screening procedures. Incidence rates are given for both broad and narrow concepts of schizophrenia, and for DSM-III diagnosis. The Nottingham incidence rates are similar to those reported from other UK centers, and are near the middle of the range found in the other collaborating centres in the WHO study on Determinants of Outcome of Severe Mental Disorders. At entry to the study, 27 patients were out-patients, and 11 were never admitted to hospital at any time in the two-year follow-up period. Reasons for believing that the Nottingham administrative incidence may be close to the incidence in the community are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Ecological structure and the distribution of schizophrenia and affective psychoses in Nottingham.

The 800 census enumeration districts of Nottingham were used as a basis for the production of 12 distinct 'clusters' or neighbourhood types. Plotting the place of residence of the 68 patients with 'certain' or 'very likely' diagnoses of ICD-9 schizophrenia, identified in the World Health Organization Study of Determinants of Outcome of Severe Mental Disorders, showed the expected concentration in central areas of low social status. A more varied distribution was found for 132 patients with a case-register diagnosis of affective psychosis, contacting the psychiatric services for the first time during the same two-year period as the schizophrenic patients. Some of the highest rates for affective psychosis were found in new housing estates of middle and low status at some distance from the town centre.

Adult↗