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Biomedical subjects

J Cohen

Publications and source records attributed to J Cohen.

At least 1,279 records · Page 71Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (Summerskill and Walshe syndrome). Case report and revision of bibliography.

We describe the case of a 58-year old woman who had four episodes of choluric jaundice and severe pruritus, starting at age 48. Each episode lasted about four months and had a spontaneous remission. During icteric episodes, conjugated bilirubinemia, alkaline phosphatase, and to a lower degree transaminases, were increased; white cell count was higher and there was a marked rise in sedimentation rate. Between such episodes there was a complete clinical remission, and laboratory alterations returned to normal, although sometimes a high alkaline phosphatase persisted. There was no history of previous drug intake known to produce these disorders. During the last icteric episode, an exploratory laparatomy, with roentgenographic study was done, which demonstrated that the extrahepatic biliary tract was intact. Histology revealed that the liver showed a preserved, regular architecture, of which the salient feature was intrahepatic cholestasis. Corticoids and cholestyramine were of little benefit for pruritus.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1985

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in renal transplant recipients--clinical and radiographic features, diagnosis and complications of treatment.

Six episodes of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in five renal transplant patients on low dose maintenance prednisolone are described. The infection was rare, occurring in 3 per cent of the recipients transplanted between 1978 and 1984. Diagnosis and treatment were not straightforward. Fever was the earliest evidence of illness, and in three episodes the chest radiograph was normal at presentation. At diagnosis, two to 16 days later, all had pulmonary infiltrates and severe hypoxia. Diagnosis was confirmed by cytological examination of bronchial lavage (two), transbronchial biopsy (one), open lung biopsy (one), and for two episodes clinically, from the rapid and complete resolution of fever, pulmonary infiltrates and hypoxia following a therapeutic trial of high dose cotrimoxazole. Pneumocystis antibody titres were low during the illness and in convalescence and did not contribute to diagnosis. Three patients had serological evidence of recent cytomegalovirus infection. All episodes responded to treatment with high dose cotrimoxazole. All the patients survived the illness but one died a year after recovery. The major complications of treatment were thrombocytopenia (three cases) and neutropenia (two cases) which did not respond to folinic acid.

Drug Combinations↗
PubMed1985

[Indications for HMG].

The use of HMG is only justified to obtain a pregnancy, and cannot be used until after an investigation which excludes other causes of sterility, and necessitates careful surveillance. The contraindications should be respected. The author discusses the present indications for the administrations of HMG.

Amenorrhea↗
PubMed1985

[Results of preparatory surgery for in vitro fertilization with embryo transfer].

68 cases out of a total of 407 patients who were destined to have IVF (16.7%) had most adhesions in the pelvis which made the ovaries inaccessible for laparoscopic recovery, in the two years between September 1981 and September 1983. Using very severe criteria for selection we rejected 46 cases as unsuitable for surgery at that time. Only 22 therefore remained to have preparatory surgery. This surgery was particularly aimed at improving the local conditions for laparoscopic recovery as well as improving the quality of ovulation. The results are encouraging because those women who were operated on had about the same level of success in the three stages of IVF as women who were not operated on. This three-stage protocol of exploratory laparoscopy, operation and recovery laparoscopy does seem to be a heavy one and probably will be able to be replaced by a transvaginal ultrasound technique when this has been developed far enough to show that it has advantages.

Embryo Transfer↗
PubMed1984

Opportunistic AIDS.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Cloning of bovine rotavirus (RF strain): nucleotide sequence of the gene coding for the major capsid protein.

The genes of the RF strain of bovine rotavirus have been cloned into pBR 322 following the synthesis and hybridization of cDNA transcribed from both strands of in vitro polyadenylated genomic RNA. Cloned rotavirus DNAs were assigned to most of the 11 genomic RNA segments by Northern blot hybridization. The complete sequence of gene 6 that codes for the major inner capsid protein has been determined. The gene is 1356 nucleotides long and possesses an unique long open reading frame that could encode a protein (397 amino acids) of similar size to the known gene 6 product. Comparison of the RF bovine rotavirus gene 6 sequence with the sequence of the simian rotavirus gene 6, showed these genes to be very similar in nucleotide sequence (87% homology). Most of the base changes are silent and the predicted amino acid sequences are almost identical (97% homology).

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1984

GABA uptake by purified rat schwann cells in culture.

Purified rat Schwann cells maintained in culture for up to 6 months retained their ability to take up the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by a high-affinity mechanism. Although cultured fibroblasts also accumulated GABA, they did so by a low affinity mechanism. These results indicate that Schwann cells continue to express a high affinity GABA transport system in the absence of signals from neurons.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the simian rotavirus gene 6 that codes for the major inner capsid protein.

The nucleotide sequence of the gene that codes for the major inner capsid protein of the simian rotavirus SA11 has been determined. A DNA copy of mRNA from gene 6 was cloned in the E. coli plasmid pBR322. The full-length gene is 1357 nucleotides long with a 5'-noncoding region of 23 nucleotides and a 3'-noncoding region of 140 nucleotides. The gene contains a single, long, open reading-frame of 1194 nucleotides capable of coding for a protein of 397 amino acids with a molecular weight of 44,816. The predicted protein product is relatively proline-rich with a net charge at neutral pH of -3.5. One stretch of 53 amino acids (encoded by nucleotides 327-485) is basic.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1984

The clinician's illusion.

There are several diseases, including schizophrenia, alcoholism, and opiate addiction, for which the long-term prognosis is subject to disagreement between clinicians and researchers and also among researchers. Part of this disagreement may be attributable to a difference in the populations they sample. The clinician samples the population currently suffering from the disease (a "prevalence" or census sample), while research samples tend to more nearly represent the population ever contracting the disease (an "incidence" sample). The clinician's sample is biased toward cases of long duration, since the probability that a case will appear in a prevalence sample is proportional to its duration, hence "the clinician's illusion." The statistical mechanism of this bias is illustrated and its consequences detailed. Other sources of sampling bias in clinical and research samples are briefly described and partial remedies are suggested.

Alcoholism↗