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Biomedical subjects

J Cohen

Publications and source records attributed to J Cohen.

At least 1,261 records · Page 70Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Cryopreservation of cleaving embryos and expanded blastocysts in the human: a comparative study.

The survival and implantation capacity of cryopreserved cleaving (5-cell to 10-cell) human embryos and expanded blastocysts was compared. Twice as many cleaving embryos were frozen as were expanding blastocysts because of the low developmental potential of human embryos in vitro. However, significantly more expanded blastocysts survived cryopreservation than cleaving embryos, and relatively more pregnancies were established by the replacement of thawed blastocysts than by the replacement of thawed cleaving embryos. Cleaving embryos from 26 women were thawed; 17 had thawed embryos replaced, and 4 subsequently became pregnant. Expanded blastocysts were thawed from 23 other women; 15 had thawed blastocysts replaced, and 8 subsequently became pregnant. The pregnancy of one patient in each group aborted; both patients were over 40 years of age. It is estimated that by maintaining the current policy of replacing three fresh embryos and freezing any remaining embryos when they reach blastocyst stage, the total incidence of pregnancy would increase by 3%.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1985

Ceftazidime as first-line therapy for fever in acute leukaemia.

Fifty patients with acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia were treated by random allocation with either ceftazidime alone or a combination of piperacillin, netilmicin and cefotaxime for 65 febrile neutropenic episodes. Nineteen of 33 patient episodes (58%) responded to ceftazidime alone compared with 21 of 32 episodes (66%) treated with the combination. There was one infective death in a patient given the combination; rates of documented superinfection were low. The treatment groups appeared identical in terms of patient demography, underlying disease and other risk factors, though patients with a clinical site of infection responded more slowly than those without. Bacteraemia per se did not appear to influence outcome. Bactericidal serum concentrations greater than or equal to 8 X the minimum bactericidal concentration were predictive of a rapid response (within 4 days) to antibiotics. Furthermore, serum from patients treated with ceftazidime maintained adequate cidal activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa for longer than that obtained from patients treated with the three-drug combination. Ceftazidime was shown to be a safe and effective alternative to the three-drug combination for the initial management of febrile neutropenic episodes in leukaemic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The relationship between faecal endotoxin and faecal microflora of the C57BL mouse.

We studied the effect of oral selective antibiotic decontamination (SD) on the faecal endotoxin content and microflora in individual C57BL mice. Suppression of the coliform count was associated with an initial rise in faecal endotoxin concentration from 0.1 to 3.1 mg/g wet faeces during the first week of SD, which fell to 0.04 mg/g during the second week of treatment. Cessation of SD resulted in an immediate sharp increase in coliform count followed by its decline and gradual recovery to pre-treatment counts. Faecal endotoxin levels followed a parallel course. SD did not effect significantly the counts of lactobacilli, bacteroides and enterococci. It appears that the coliform population is responsible for the overall level of faecal endotoxin, and that during the initial period of SD endotoxin levels are elevated, an effect which may be mediated by antibiotic-enhanced release of endotoxin.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1985

Observations on serum and red blood cell magnesium changes in treadmill exercise-induced cardiac ischemia.

To evaluate changes in magnesium levels with treadmill exercise-induced coronary insufficiency, 59 consecutive patients were studied. In addition to electrocardiographic monitoring, hematocrit, total protein, whole blood, serum and red blood cell magnesium determinations were made before and after exercise testing. Fifteen patients had positive exercise test, 18 did not complete, and 26 had negative exercise test. There was no significant difference in the serum and red blood cell magnesium on the basis of stress test results for ischemia. Although whole blood magnesium, hematocrit, and total proteins increased (P less than .05) in both groups, we did not find a significant change in magnesium homeostasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

In-vitro study of the activity of ciprofloxacin alone and in combination against strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with multiple antibiotic resistance.

Ciprofloxacin appears to have useful activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We have studied its in-vitro activity against ten strains of Ps. aeruginosa with multiple antibiotic resistance. We have confirmed that ciprofloxacin is very active against Ps. aeruginosa with minimal inhibitory concentrations ranging from 0.07 to 0.7 mg/l. Killing curves show ciprofloxacin to be rapidly bactericidal with no regrowth after 24 h. Checkerboard studies with ciprofloxacin in combination with gentamicin, azlocillin and ceftazidime show no consistent interaction. These studies suggest that ciprofloxacin should prove a useful antibiotic in treating infections caused by multiresistant Ps. aeruginosa.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

Effect of anticoagulants on the chromogenic Limulus lysate assay for endotoxin.

We have examined the effects of anticoagulants on the chromogenic Limulus lysate assay for endotoxin. The results indicate that both heparin and CPD Adenine 1 have a striking dose related inhibitory effect on the assay. At concentrations of heparin as low as about 30 U/ml there was a 90% reduction in detectable endotoxin. The inhibitory effect of up to 100 U/ml of heparin could be neutralised by the addition of protamine sulphate. Anticoagulants appear to be an additional factor which can adversely affect the Limulus chromogenic assay for endotoxin. This further emphasises the need for alternative approaches to the measurement of endotoxin.

Adenine↗
PubMed1985

Thinking as a narcissistic resistance.

Verbal thought occupies a preeminent place in psychoanalytic theory and practice. The patient keeps out of conscious awareness, ultimately, what is unrepresentable, therefore unthinkable. The analyst helps the patient find ways to think about the unthinkable, both to reconstruct the past and free himself from it. The patient's role in this process involves a challenge comparable to the analyst's, in balancing and shifting between free association and objectifying thought. His capacity to progressively adapt his thinking and language to meet these therapeutic needs is a sensitive indicator that the narcissistic disturbance is healing. Conversely, incapacity to do so results in therapeutic stalemate or incomplete treatment.

Adult↗