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Biomedical subjects

J B Epstein

Publications and source records attributed to J B Epstein.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Osteoradionecrosis: clinical experience and a proposal for classification.

Osteoradionecrosis is a severe complication of radiation therapy for cancer. Prevention of osteoradionecrosis is most important as the condition may be chronic, progressive and lead to pathologic fracture. The clinical experience at the Cancer Control Agency of British Columbia with 26 cases in approximately 1000 patients treated with radical radiation therapy to the head and neck region is presented and discussed. A clinical classification system is proposed to provide a guide for treatment selection, and to allow classification for research purposes.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Benzydamine hydrochloride in prevention and management of pain in oral mucositis associated with radiation therapy.

Benzydamine hydrochloride rinse reduced pain associated with radiation mucositis when it was used during the course of radiation therapy. Fewer patients using benzydamine rinse required systemic analgesics. All patients using benzydamine tolerated the rinse well and continued with regular rinsing throughout the course of radiation therapy. Benzydamine hydrochloride is currently undergoing clinical trials in the United States for application for approval from the Food and Drug Administration.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Oral manifestations in myelodysplastic syndrome. Review of the literature and report of a case.

Gingival hyperplasia in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome is described. Gingival infiltration was the first sign of acceleration of a stable disease process and was followed by development of a more aggressive phase of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia that was not responsive to therapy. Oral and dental assessment of patients with the myelodysplastic syndromes should be a part of routine management.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Use of intraoral prostheses in external beam radiation of oral and perioral cancer.

An intraoral prosthesis can be used to position and immobilize tissues in beam-directed radiation therapy for cancer. The prosthesis stabilizes oral structures within the treatment field to permit improve control of field size and thus spare tissues that do not require treatment. The use of an oral prosthesis diminishes both early and late complications of radiation treatment. The prostheses can be used to advantage in conjunction with free-hand and precision methods for the orientation of patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Understanding placebos in dentistry.

The placebo effect is capable of relieving pain and affective disorders. The mechanism of placebo action is pharmacologic and psychologic, being related to the patient-practitioner relationship and the clinical treatment setting. The placebo effect also occurs with all active or real treatments. The effects of placebos in management of orofacial pain and MPD syndrome have been demonstrated. Placebo effects may account for a third to two-thirds of responses in mandibular dysfunction. Many treatments suggested for management of pain may be acting solely as placebos. Health professionals active in management of pain should understand and use the placebo effect to improve patient care.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1983

Effect of Sialor in treatment of xerostomia in Sjögren's syndrome.

Sialor, a sialogogue, was studied in a double-blind crossover trial in patients with autoimmune exocrinopathy (Sjögren's syndrome). Sialor appears to frequently alleviate the symptoms of xerostomia and increase salivary flow rate, and it is rarely associated with side effects. Sialor is useful in management of xerostomia in patients with Sjögren's syndrome and may also be of value in the treatment of xerophthalmia.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Multiple neurofibromatosis. Report of a case.

Oral manifestations of multiple neurofibromatosis are not rare; manifestations in the facial skeleton have been reported. However, radiographic changes of the alveolar bone are rare. A review of the literature and an interesting case are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effects of specific antibodies on the interaction between the fungus Candida albicans and human oral mucosa.

Host-parasite interactions were studied in four groups: non-infected controls; infected carriers of Candida albicans without evidence of candidiasis; subjects with acute candidiasis; and subjects with chronic candidiasis. Specific anti-candida antibodies were demonstrated in saliva from subjects of all four groups; the titres reflected the degree of antigenic stimulation, being significantly higher in candidiasis than in controls or infected carriers. The adherence of C. albicans to buccal epithelial cells was not significantly different in a given saliva, regardless of whether the assay was carried out with autologous C. albicans and epithelial cells or with a stock strain in a standardized assay. Therefore, the standard assay was used to study the effects of specific salivary antibodies on adherence. A significant inverse correlation was found between salivary IgA anti-candida antibodies and the adherence of C. albicans to buccal epithelial cells, suggesting that IgA antibodies can inhibit adherence of candida to the oral mucosa. In some instances, removal of antibodies led to a significant increase in adherence; however, often this was not the case, indicating that some but not all of the antibodies present were capable of inhibiting the adherence of C. albicans to epithelial cells.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1981

Oral candidiasis: effects of antifungal therapy upon clinical signs and symptoms, salivary antibody, and mucosal adherence of Candida albicans.

A human study of the effects of topical nystatin (Mycostatin) therapy of oral candidiasis showed that effects of treatment were limited to the time in which the drug was used. Two weeks of therapy resulted in significant reduction in number of organisms and marked improvement in signs and symptoms of candidiasis. The condition recurred rapidly following cessation of treatment. No change in specific anticandida antibody in saliva or in adherence of Candida albicans to mucosal epithelium (in vitro) was seen with treatment.

Antibodies, Fungal↗