Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J B Epstein

Publications and source records attributed to J B Epstein.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Antifungal therapy in oropharyngeal mycotic infections.

Oral and pharyngeal candidiasis is a significant infection, particularly in immunosuppressed persons. Candidiasis may be evident as red or white lesions and may produce symptoms. In immunosuppressed persons, oral candidiasis may lead to extensive regional involvement and to systemic infection and can result in death. Because of the significance and prevalence of candidiasis, the recognition and management of infection are important.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed1990

Infection prevention in bone marrow transplantation and radiation patients.

This article reviews the prevention of oral and systemic infection in bone marrow transplantation and radiation patients. Prophylaxis of herpes virus reactivation in bone marrow transplant and leukemic patients has resulted in reduced morbidity associated with their medical management. In order to reduce the risk of systemic infection, reduction in ulcerative mucositis is desirable. The use of antifungal and antibacterial agents has not been encouraging to date. Cytoprotective agents have shown some initial success in preventing mucosal breakdown. Further study is required to confirm these initial results.

Benzydamine↗
PubMed1989

Oral Kaposi's sarcoma in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Review of management and report of the efficacy of intralesional vinblastine.

Treatment of palatal Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) with intralesional injection of vinblastine was seen to provide effective palliation. Of the ten patients studied, four had a 25% to 50% response, two 50% to 75% response, and four had 75% to 100% response with one or two intralesional injections of vinblastine. Response to treatment was followed for a mean of 3.6 months, with recurrence of lesions in two of ten patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Chlorhexidine rinse in prevention of dental caries in patients following radiation therapy.

Patients who receive cancer radiotherapy, which compromises salivary gland function, may develop xerostomia. These patients are at increased risk to develop rampant dental caries. Streptococcus mutans and species of lactobacillus have been associated with dental caries. Quantitative counts of these organisms demonstrated high caries risk in 85% of patients studied. The use of chlorhexidine rinse to reduce the counts of S. mutans and lactobacillus was studied. A modest reduction in S. mutans was seen, but little effect was demonstrated on lactobacillus counts. Caries activity was shown to be related to lactobacillus count.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Oral and pharyngeal candidiasis. Topical agents for management and prevention.

About half of the general population harbors Candida species in oral flora, and oral candidal infections are common. However, in immunocompromised or immunosuppressed patients, candidiasis may progress to life-threatening systemic disease. Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, HIV disease, diabetes, or leukemia are particularly prone to serious systemic infection. Chemotherapy for cancer and bone marrow and organ transplantation also provide physiologic opportunities for candidal colonization. Topical therapy has the potential to prevent and treat candidiasis with less risk of side effects and drug interactions than systemic therapy. Among the effective topical agents are polyene antifungal antibiotics and imidazole compounds. Some of these agents have been found useful in prevention of serious candidal infection in high-risk patients; however, more study is needed in this area.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1988

The painful mouth. Mucositis, gingivitis, and stomatitis.

The oromucosal manifestations of infection and painful mouth have important implications for both medical and dental professionals. The immunocompromised patient presents a particular challenge because clinical signs and symptoms may be minimal, and prompt and appropriate treatment is critical to prevent life-threatening complications. Effective control of infection and oral symptoms are both important, and this can be achieved by judicious use of topical and systemic agents. Prevention of mucosal breakdown, suppression of microbial colonization, control of reactivating viral infections, and effective management of severe xerostomia are all critical steps to reduce the overall morbidity and mortality of oromucosal infections in the severely immunocompromised patient.

Gingivitis↗
PubMed1987

The role of an immunoperoxidase technique in the diagnosis of oral herpes simplex virus infection in patients with leukemia.

Laboratory techniques are often used to confirm a clinical diagnosis of oral herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in patients with leukemia. In the present study, an immunoperoxidase technique (IPT) was used to examine smears taken from the oral mucosa of 44 patients with leukemia at Vancouver General Hospital. It was found that the IPT was as sensitive and specific as viral culture in confirming the presence of HSV. The IPT was found to be more predictive of symptomatic oral HSV disease than viral culture because it did not give positive results if there was only viral shedding in the absence of clinical disease. As the IPT is rapid and inexpensive as well as being specific, sensitive, and predictive, it has a definite role in the laboratory confirmation of oral HSV lesions in leukemics.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Multiple gingival metastases from angiosarcoma of the breast.

Metastases to the jaws and oral soft tissue occur rarely. Such metastases may result in the presenting symptoms and signs of malignant disease or may develop during the course of a previously diagnosed malignant condition. A case of multiple gingival metastases in a patient with angiosarcoma of the breast is reported.

Adult↗