Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Aagaard

Publications and source records attributed to J Aagaard.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Spontaneous pituitary-thyroid function after surgical treatment of nontoxic goitre. A controlled long-term study.

The free thyroxine index (FT4I), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in serum and the peak serum TSH (TRH test) were measured in 18 patients with nontoxic uninodular goitre and 32 patients with nontoxic multinodular goitre before and 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months after goitre resection. Thyroid hormone therapy was not given postoperatively. Resection of non-toxic goitre provoked a transient rise in TSH baseline level, with peak about one year after surgery. Three years after the resection the TSH baseline had returned to the preoperative level. The TSH changes were significantly more pronounced in the multinodular goitrous group, in which resection was bilateral, than in the uninodular goitrous group. The changes in serum FT4I and serum T3 were of moderate degree and most pronounced in the multinodular group. During long-term observation, serum FT4I increased slightly but significantly in both groups, but serum T3 showed significant reduction, albeit within reference range. The results of the study suggest that thyroid hormone therapy as a routine procedure after simple goitre resection lacks a tenable rational basis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Long-term study of serum calcium changes following goitre resection.

Levels of corrected serum calcium, serum free thyroxine index, and serum thyroid stimulating hormone were measured prior to thyroid surgery and 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months postoperatively in 18 patients with nontoxic uninodular goitre and in 32 patients with nontoxic multinodular goitre. Additionally, the corrected serum calcium was also determined on the fourth day of surgery. In the former group unilateral resection was done, whilst the latter group had bilateral resection of the thyroid gland. In both goitrous groups, the study demonstrated a slight lowering, albeit significant, of the corrected serum calcium level postoperatively. However, during the study period the mean level of serum calcium was within reference range. Remarkably, there was no significant difference as to change in calcium levels between the two surgical groups. The calcium disturbances were not related to postsurgical thyroid function. Other possible explanations to the change in serum calcium level are discussed, but no responsible mechanism was clarified in the study. It is concluded that although a significant lowering of serum calcium levels takes place after goitre resection, the changes seem not to indicate any therapeutic measures in the long run.

Calcium↗
PubMed1983

A case-control study of female bladder cancer.

A case-control study was performed on 47 female bladder cancer patients and 94 female controls matched in age and geographic area. Twenty-five determinants of assumed importance were examined. The bivariate associations revealed a significantly increased relative risk (RR) for bladder cancer associated with use of tobacco, cheroot smoking and saccharin consumption, and some subgroups like never-smokers in combination with use of saccharin. The population attributable risk percentages were estimated. Through a multivariate logistic analysis of selected determinants cheroot consumption was the most pronounced independent variable.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Tobacco as a risk factor in bladder cancer.

A case-control study concerning smoking habits has been performed to determine risk factors for bladder cancer. The population attributable risk (AP) for cigarettes, cigars/cigarillos, chewing tobacco and pipe yielded a statistical explanation of 33%, 23%, 9% and 17%, respectively. A logistic regression analysis revealed cigarette smoking as the most pronounced determinant with an independent effect beyond the other smoking variables corresponding to a relative risk (RR) of 2.15. The life-time consumption of all kinds of tobacco showed a positive dose-response relationship to risk for bladder cancer.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Lignocaine test and detrusor instability.

Detrusor instability in infravesical obstruction is well recognised and often resolves after surgery. The aetiology is not clearly understood but is probably due to increased vesical sensory input. Since intravesical lignocaine has been proved to have an effect (although shortlived) on detrusor instability in some patients, we have used it in order to differentiate between idiopathic detrusor instability and detrusor instability caused by infravesical obstruction. Our study showed that in patients with a positive lignocaine test pre-operatively, the detrusor instability and micturition disorder disappeared after operation, and in patients with a negative lignocaine test, it persisted. The differences were statistically significant (P less than 0.5).

Aged↗
PubMed1983

The free portal pressure in awake patients with and without cirrhosis of the liver.

The free portal pressure was measured by percutaneous transhepatic catheterization of the portal vein in 106 patients with cirrhosis of the liver and in 19 patients without liver disease and with normal portography. Patients with cirrhosis had a median portal pressure of 38 cmH2O and patients without liver disease had a median portal pressure of 16 cmH2O. Among the cirrhotic patients the free portal pressure showed no relationship to etiology of cirrhosis, ascites, variceal bleedings or extrahepatic shunting. The median portal pressure was significantly higher in patients with (40 cmH2O) than without (30 cmH2O) gastroesophageal varices (p less than 0.01). The pressure was not related to the size of the varices.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of the diagnosis of oesophageal varices by oesophagoscopy and transhepatic portography.

We compared the diagnosis of oesophageal varices obtained by oesophagoscopy and percutaneous transhepatic portography in 78 patients with hepatic cirrhosis who were suspected of having oesophageal varices because of ascites and/or preceding upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Portograms were evaluated independently of the clinical and endoscopical findings. Endoscopy showed varices in 59 patients and portography in 54 patients. The two methods agreed on the presence of varices only in 46 patients (59%), on the absence of varices in 11 patients (14%), and disagreed in 21 patients (27%). Among the patients showing varices by endoscopy, portography agreed on the diagnosis in 78%, and among patients without endoscopical varices, portography agreed in 58%. The corresponding rates of agreement expected by chance alone are 69% and 31%, respectively. The free portal pressure was lowest in patients with no varices according to both techniques, highest in patients with varices by both techniques and intermediate in patients in whom there was disagreement on the diagnosis. Modification of the criteria for endoscopical and portographical diagnosis of varices and distinction between patients with and without ascites and preceding haemorrhage had no appreciable effect on the agreement. We conclude that endoscopy and portography show only moderate agreement in the diagnosis of oesophageal varices.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Social factors and life events as predictors for children's health. A one-year prospective study within a general practice.

During a period of one year information was obtained concerning social background, life events and diseases among children, who happened to consult the general practitioner. One year after this index consultation information concerning the children's present state of health was obtained. 43 (13%) had been admitted to hospital during the follow-up year. 45 (12%) had had more than 5 consultations at the general practitioner, and the parents of 23 children (6%) stated that their child had poor health. A multivariate predictor-analysis was performed. The associations discovered suggest 1) that the selected social or psycho-social factors do not appear to be of considerable importance for prediction of later hospitalization, 2) that indices for short-term psycho-social stress appear to increase the risk for many consultations at the general practitioner, 3) that "poor health" in the children is partly predicted by indices for more longterm psycho-social stress.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

A comparison between the combination emepronium bromide/flavoxate and emepronium bromide in the treatment of detrusor instability.

Emepronium bromide and flavoxate have both and separately been used with success in the treatment of detrusor instability. In this study we have combined the two drugs emepronium bromide and flavoxate and compared the results with emepronium bromide. 20 consecutive patients with an uninhibited bladder, 12 men and 8 women, were randomly allocated to treatment with either emepronium bromide/flavoxate or emepronium bromide. In this trial we found that treatment with the combination is significantly better than treatment with emepronium bromide only.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

A predictor analysis of clinical assessment of outcome among patients operated on for duodenal ulcer. A 1-year prospective study.

During a period of 1 year, data concerning life events, non-specific psychological symptoms, individual social history, and ulcer history were obtained for consecutive cases of patients about to have elective surgical treatment for duodenal ulcer. At the 1-year follow-up examination a blind, clinical evaluation was performed (dumping, dyspepsia, recurrence, and Visick grading), and information concerning the 94 patients' assessment of outcome was obtained. A multivariate predictor analysis was performed. Most patients (85%) benefited from treatment. The excess rate of non-specific psychological symptoms indicating impairment remained unchanged. The patients assessments of outcome were correlated with the clinical assessment. A positive correlation was found for women to have dumping and poor Visick grade and for unmarried persons to have postoperative dyspepsia and a poor Visick grade. A negative correlation between a long ulcer history and postoperative dyspepsia and a positive correlation between pyloroplasty and dumping were found. Non-specific psychological symptoms predicted poor clinical assessments. It is suggested that it is relevant to apply the patients' assessments for the purpose of evaluation, supplementing the clinical assessment of the more biomedical aspects of outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Improvement of detrusor instability following repeated bladder distension with cystomat. A case report.

Treatment of idiopathic detrusor instability with drugs and prolonged distension of the bladder is often unsatisfactory. Some amelioration of symptoms was previously described after 24-hour bladder distension with use of the cystomat. A case is presented in which detrusor instability was successfully treated with continuous infusion via the cystomat, and thereby repeated bladder distension, for one week. The symptoms subsided, the cystometric bladder capacity was increased and there was no side effects. The improvement has persisted for six months. Though the mechanism by which the bladder distension exerts its effect is poorly understood, the technique of repeated distension offers an alternative in the treatment of patients with idiopathic detrusor instability.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Presenting symptoms, treatment delay and survival in bladder cancer.

In 212 consecutive patients with bladder tumour, relationships between symptoms, demographic factors, delay before treatment and survival rate were investigated. The presenting symptom was haematuria in 79% of the patients. The interval from onset of symptoms until treatment averaged 28 weeks (median = 15 weeks). The general practitioner delay comprised half of the total delay. Patients with cystitis as the presenting symptom and women with haematuria had the longest doctor delay. The length of delay did not influence the crude survival rate in patients with tumours in the two highest TNM stages. In T1 and T2 tumours, shorter delay tended to give a better survival rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

An epidemiological study of bladder cancer in a predominantly rural district.

A case-control study was performed on 212 bladder cancer patients (165 male + 47 female) and 259 control persons (165 male + 94 female) matched according to age and geographic area. Twenty-five determinants of assumed importance were examined. Bivariate analysis revealed a significantly increased relative risk (RR) of developing bladder cancer associated with cigarette smoking, cigarillos smoking, pipe smoking, tobacco chewing, industrial work, previous venereal disease, work with petroleum or asphalt, consumption of alcohol, work with oil or gasoline, and work with chemical materials. A multivariate logistic analysis showed that cigarette and cigarillos smoking involved the highest significant risks. An analogous logistic analysis of the negatively associated determinants revealed never smokers and farmers to be the weakest independent variables.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Isolated hematemesis in duodenal leiomyoma: a case report.

Duodenal leiomyomas are a very rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and the disorder is not always diagnosed. The author describes such a case in a 71-year-old woman. It illustrates the problems in diagnosis and describes the appropriate treatment. The pathologist may find it difficult to distinguish between a malignant and a benign tumour. Occasionally, resection is necessary because of life-threatening hemorrhage. Treatment may be especially difficult if the leiomyoma is located near the papilla of Vater.

Aged↗