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Biomedical subjects

I Moseley

Publications and source records attributed to I Moseley.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Magnetisation transfer ratios and transverse magnetisation decay curves in optic neuritis: correlation with clinical findings and electrophysiology.

Conventional MRI sequences do not permit the distinction between the different pathological characteristics (oedema, demyelination, gliosis, axonal loss) of the multiple sclerosis plaque. Magnetisation transfer imaging and transverse magnetisation decay curve (tMDC) analysis may be more specific. These techniques have been applied to the optic nerves in 20 patients with optic neuritis and the results correlated with clinical and visual evoked potential (VEP) findings. tMDC analysis failed to identify separate intracellular and extracellular water compartments within the optic nerve but gave a measure of transverse relaxation time (T2) without the confounding effects of CSF in the nerve sheath. Both T2 and magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR) were abnormal after an episode of optic neuritis. T2 did not correlate with visual function or with VEP latency or amplitude. There was a significant correlation between MTR reduction and prolongation of VEP latency: this increased latency may reflect an effect of myelin loss on MTR. Longer lesions were associated with worse visual outcome, implying that the overall extent of pathological involvement is likely to influence the degree of functional deficit.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Preliminary evidence from magnetic resonance imaging for reduction in disease activity after lymphocyte depletion in multiple sclerosis.

The central nervous system lesions of multiple sclerosis (MS) can be detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the initial perivascular inflammatory component is distinguished by the presence of gadolinium enhancement. To assess the effect of systemic lymphocyte depletion on disease activity, seven patients with MS received a 10-day intravenous course of the humanised monoclonal antibody CAMPATH-1H (anti-CDw52). With some variations in the protocol, enhanced cerebral MR images were obtained monthly for 3-4 months before and at least 6 months after treatment. 28 enhancing areas were detected on the first series of 7 scans; 51 additional active lesions were identified on 18 scans before treatment; 15 were detected on 20 scans done over the next 3 months, but only 2 active lesions were seen on 23 scans during follow-up beyond 3 months. The difference in lesion incidence rate before and after treatment varied and the rate ratio was significantly reduced in only three patients. Collectively, in a "meta-analysis", the rate ratios were 0.15 [corrected] (95% CI 0.09-0.24) for all seven patients and 0.24 (0.14-0.42; p < 0.001) with exclusion of the patient whose scanning schedule differed. The effect of CAMPATH-1H on disease activity provides direct, but preliminary, evidence that disease activity in MS depends on the availability of circulating lymphocytes and can be prevented by lymphocyte depletion. It is too early to say anything about the clinical results of treatment with this agent.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1992

Haemangiopericytoma of the orbit.

Orbital haemangiopericytomas are ideally managed by complete surgical excision in the first instance. This is frequently not achieved, because difficulty in making the diagnosis preoperatively results in incisional biopsy and the highly vascular nature of the tumour makes complete excision difficult. A series of 12 patients with orbital haemangiopericytoma seen over a 23-year period is presented. The following combination of clinical and radiological features is suggestive of haemangiopericytoma. 1. Painless non-axial proptosis with downward displacement of the globe. 2. Intermittent upper lid swelling. 3. A soft, superiorly located mass with poorly defined borders, especially with a blue hue. 4. A superiorly located, rounded or elongated extraconal mass on CT, isodense with brain, with smooth, well-defined borders and moderate to marked enhancement with the injection of intravenous contrast medium. 5. Significant blush in all three phases of carotid angiography, without prominent arteriovenous shunting. Once haemangiopericytoma is suspected, complete surgical excision is recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Granular cell tumour of the orbit: radiological findings.

Radiological findings in four cases of intraorbital granular cell tumour are presented, and compared with those previously reported. These rare lesions often appear to involve an extraocular muscle, and are seen on CT as an enhancing mass, usually well defined, and frequently lying anteriorly. Plain films are characteristically normal; angiographic findings range from normality to a dense tumour blush.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Do bilateral optic nerve sheath meningiomas exist?

All patients examined at The National Hospital for Nervous Diseases, Queen Square, from 1983 to 1987 with radiological evidence of meningiomas involving both optic nerves within the orbits have been reviewed. Their clinical and X-ray computed tomography (CT) features are different from those of patients with unilateral tumours, and they appear to form a separate group, probably representing optic nerve involvement by a primarily retro-orbital meningioma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Imaging in neuro-ophthalmology.

As in other fields, the major radiological advances in neuro-ophthalmology have been in the application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to parenchymal disease not necessarily characterized by gross structural change. This is particularly true in diseases of the optic nerve and chiasm, and in systemic diseases of the nervous system in which the visual apparatus is also affected.

Central Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1990

Diagnostic value of 'optic foramen views': experience from an eye hospital.

A prospective survey of 174 consecutive patients in whom plain radiographs of the optic canals were requested by ophthalmologists disclosed no cases in which these films made a positive contribution to management. It is suggested that as a general rule this radiographic examination has no useful role.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Neuroimaging.

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Diagnostic Imaging↗
PubMed1988

Long term effects of the introduction of noninvasive investigations in neuroradiology. Part 2: Effects on management of individual patients.

Review of imaging investigations undergone by cohorts of in- and outpatients of a neurological hospital at 8 year intervals over a 25 year period showed that while the pattern of investigation of the individual patient was little affected by the introduction of radionuclide studies, the subsequent availability of computed tomography had a rapid and cumulative effect on the use not only of invasive investigations, but also of plain films and other noninvasive examinations.

Ambulatory Care↗