Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

I Honjo

Publications and source records attributed to I Honjo.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Effects of urinary trypsin inhibitor on pancreatic enzymes and experimental acute pancreatitis.

Therapeutic effect and the mechanism of the action of human urinary trypsin inhibitor (MTI) on experimental acute pancreatitis were studied. MTI significantly increased survival rate of animals with experimental acute pancreatitis induced by the infusion of trypsin or phospholipase A2 into pancreas or by a closed duodenal loop. The efficacy of MTI on these types of pancreatitis were higher than those of aprotinin. Pancreatic enzymes were released from pancreatic slice by trypsin or phospholipase A2, and this release was inhibited by MTI. Further, these pancreatic enzymes caused a secondary release of enzymes from other pancreatic slice, suggesting that these enzymes injured pancreatic tissue and that a chain reaction of pancreatic enzyme activation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. MTI suppressed the secondary enzyme-induced pancreatic injury more strongly than aprotinin. These results suggest that MTI may suppress pathogenesis and development of pancreatitis by inhibiting the chain reaction of pancreatic enzyme activation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Evaluation of velopharyngeal closure by CT scan and endoscopy.

Computerized tomography (CT) and endoscopy were used for the objective evaluation of velopharyngeal closure. In 19 patients with cleft palates and 9 normal subjects, CT scans of the velopharynx were made both at rest and during vowel phonation with a scanning time of 3.0 seconds and slicing width of 3 mm. At the same time, endoscopic observations of the velopharynx through the nose were carried out both at rest and during phonation. CT scan during phonation clearly demonstrated the mobility of the velopharynx, i.e., elevation of the soft palate, inward movement of the lateral pharyngeal walls, and protrusion of the posterior pharyngeal wall, in a single picture. Its disadvantage is exposure to x-rays and a rather complicated procedure. However, endoscopy is simple with no exposure to x-rays, but its disadvantage is occasional incomplete visualization because of the dead angle created by the elevated soft palate. Thus the combined use of CT and endoscopy can help to determine a rational choice of treatment for cleft palates.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Occlusion (ligation) of a branch of the portal vein for carcinoma of the liver].

Rous and Larimore reported that ligation of a branch of the portal vein in rabbits resulted in atrophy of the corresponding hepatic lobe together with hypertrophy of the other lobe. Hirono, one of my collaborators, observed that experimentally produced carcinoma of the liver regressed more or less after ligation of a branch of the portal vein supplying the tumor-bearing area. Kozaka also demonstrated experimentally that occlusion of the portal blood supply to the area destined to be resected caused no serious impairment on the animals even those with liver damage. The principle of this operative procedure is ligation of the right or left branch of the portal vein supplying the affected hepatic lobe. Ligation of one branch was used for tumors confined to one hepatic lobe, and right portal branch ligation combined with lateral segmentectomy was used for multiple tumors, sparing only the middle hepatic lobe. The operation was performed in twenty patients with carcinoma of the liver. An average survival after operation is 13.6 months in 12 patients with primary carcinoma and 10.6 months in 7 patients with metastatic one excluding one patient now living over 16 years after surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Cineroentgenographic and electromyographic studies of Eustachian tube function.

To determine the opening and closing process of the Eustachian tube during swallowing, the simultaneous recording of cineroentgenograms and electromyograms (EMG) was carried out in three monkeys. It was revealed that synchronous with the activity of the tensor veli palatini muscle, the cartilaginous tube opened for a very short time (ca. 250 ms) by an outward movement of its lateral wall. On the other hand, the pharyngeal orifice of the tube dilated for a relatively long time synchronous with the activity of the levator veli palatini muscle. These time lags between two parts of the tube seemed to help the pumping function of the tube.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Therapeutic effects of human urinary trypsin inhibitor on acute experimental pancreatitis].

Therapeutic effects of human urinary trypsin inhibitor (MTI) on acute pancreatitis were examined. MTI potently inhibited not only proteases such as trypsin or alpha-chymotrypsin, but also inhibited lipase or creatine phosphokinase which are considered to be related to pancreatitis. Although gabexate mesilate (gabexate) and aprotinin also strongly inhibited trypsin, their inhibition spectra against pancreatic enzymes were narrower and aprotinin also strongly inhibited trypsin, their inhibition against pancreatic enzymes were narrower than MTI. MTI inhibited proteases released from pancreatic slice by trypsin more potently than gabexate or aprotinin. The therapeutic effects of MTI on experimental acute trypsin-induced pancreatitis in dogs or rats were stronger than those of gabexate or aprotinin. These results suggest that MTI may suppress pathogenesis and development of pancreatitis in several ways, for example, by directly inhibiting trypsin and by inhibiting tissue-damaging enzymes released from the pancreas by stimulation with trypsin.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Clinical classification of hepatoma in Japan according to serial changes in serum alpha-fetoprotein levels.

Quantitative determinations of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in 96 patients with hepatomas have demonstrated three main groups based on changes in the serial levels: 1) patients with more than 10 000 ng/ml during most of their clinical course, and with an increase of 10 000 ng/ml or more in a week (Group A); 2) patients with levels varying from 200 to 10 000 ng/ml and with an increase of 1000 ng/ml in three to four months (Group B); and 3) patients with serum AFP level below 200 ng/ml during most of their clinical course (Group C). The patients in Group A had a mean survival time of 7.62 +/- 3.97 months, and those in Group B, 16.18 +/- 12.18 months. The patients in Group C were subdivided into two groups according to whether survival time was long (33.92 +/- 28.22 months) or short (3.75 +/- 0.87 months). Histologic findings revealed poorly differentiated carcinoma in patients in Group A, moderately differentiated carcinoma in those in Group B, and well differentiated carcinoma in those with long survival in Group C and anaplastic carcinoma in those with short survival in Group C.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Phospholipid metabolism of dog liver under hypoxic conditions induced by ligation of the hepatic artery.

Ischemic hypoxic liver was induced in dogs by ligation of the hepatic artery. About 67% of the dogs died of liver necrosis within 1 or 2 days (severe cases), and the rest survived (mild cases). In the severe cases, the decreases in the contents of total lipids, phospholipids and proteins of the liver after 24 h were 24, 46 and 12%, respectively, of the original values. The marked decrease in phospholipids was due to decreases in the microsomal and mitochondrial fractions. In the mild cases, similar but smaller decreases occurred and decrease of phospholipids occurred only in the microsomal fraction. The main phospholipids were choline and ethanolamine glycerophospholipids, and their molecular species were analyzed. In the severe cases, ligation resulted in relative increases in mono- and diene species and a decrease in polyene species. No increase in phospholipase activity was found at various times after ligation of the hepatic artery. Penicillin-treated dogs all survived and showed little decrease in liver phospholipids.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Simple impedance test for Eustachian tube function.

A simple impedance method to evaluate Eustachian tube function has been reported. The principle of the test consists of recording the impedance of the eardrum during Valsalva's maneuver and during swallowing. By this procedure, the inflow and outflow of air through the tube is recorded as a simple pattern of impedance change that is classified into the following three groups: normal, obstructive, and patent. The conformity of these test results to those of an aerodynamic test has indicated the reliability of the test for clinical use.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1981

Evaluation of Eustachian tube function by contrast roentgenography.

Contrast roentgenography and cineroentgenography were carried out on nine patients with perforated eardrums to reveal the opening process of the Eustachian tube and its pumping-like clearance function in human beings. The results were as follows: (1) the tubal lumen opens along the cartilaginous part of the tube owing to the outward displacement of its lateral wall; (2) the pumping function of the tube consists in two phases: accumulation of the fluid in the tube by tensor contraction and discharge of the fluid by tensor relaxation.

Cineradiography↗
PubMed1980

Laryngoscopic and voice characteristics of aged persons.

Laryngoscopic and voice changes in aged persons were examined in 20 men and 20 women with a mean age of 75 years. From recordings of their voices, voice quality was assessed and the fundamental frequency and pitch perturbation were measured. The characteristic findings obtained were as follows: the aged men tended to show marked vocal fold atrophy and/or edema, with a higher fundamental frequency of voice than young men, and the aged women tended to have vocal fold edema and slight hoarseness, with a lower fundamental frequency than young women. Voice changes in senescence are characterized by slight hoarseness or a noticeable change in fundamental frequency of voice. Change in the mass of vocal folds, due, for example, to atrophy or edema, is considered to be the greatest factor in these voice changes.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Acoustic analysis of the inflation sound in Eustachian catheterization.

To check the reliability of the Eustachian tube catheterization as a test of tubal dysfunction, a soundspectrographic analysis of inflation sound was carried out in 130 tubes. A close correlation between each tubal condition classified by objective tests and their soundspectrographic features indicated the reliability of the test. The origin of an inflation sound in obstructive tubes which displayed three sonagraphic types was examined by a tubal model. It was revealed that the stenotic sound mainly originated from turbulent air at the tubal orifice.

Catheterization↗