Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

I Honjo

Publications and source records attributed to I Honjo.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

The autonomic innervation in the pharynx. A study by the horseradish peroxidase tracer method.

Autonomic innervation of the mucosa in the pharynx was investigated by the horseradish peroxidase retrograde tracer method. The pharynx was divided into three regions, the epipharynx, mesopharynx, and hypopharynx. The epipharynx was sympathetically innervated by the fibers originating in the ipsilateral superior cervical ganglion and parasympathetically innervated by the fibers originating in the bilateral pterygopalatine ganglia. The mesopharynx and hypopharynx were sympathetically innervated by the fibers originating in the superior cervical, middle cervical, and stellate ganglia but not innervated by the pterygopalatine ganglion. The sympathetic innervation of the mesopharynx and hypopharynx was considered bilateral and predominant in the ipsilateral side. Comparing these two regions, the hypopharynx showed a tendency to be more innervated by the middle cervical and stellate ganglia.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

True carcinosarcoma of the maxillary sinus.

A case of true carcinosarcoma primarily arising in the right maxillary sinus is reported in a 60-year-old male. His chief complaints were right nasal obstruction and bleeding. Histological findings of the biopsied primary tumor revealed two components of keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma and osteosarcoma which were intricately intermingled. Despite intensive irradiation and chemotherapy, and total maxillectomy, he finally died of rapid tumor recurrence and widely spreading metastases to lungs, pleurae and brain two months later. At autopsy the recurrent and metastatic tumors consisted entirely of the osteosarcoma component, suggesting the efficiency of the radiotherapy and chemotherapy against the carcinomatous component, but not against the sarcomatous one. As for histogenesis, this case was compatible with a combination tumor judging from histologic, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic findings.

Carcinosarcoma↗
PubMed1988

Transtympanic iontophoresis of dexamethasone and fosfomycin.

The effects of transtympanic iontophoresis of corticosteroids and antibiotics on otitis media with effusion (OME) were investigated. An experimental study using guinea pigs revealed that transtympanic passage of dexamethasone sodium phosphate and fosfomycin sodium by iontophoresis had sufficient anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. Twenty children with OME (33 ears) who were treated by iontophoresis were compared with 28 untreated children with OME (35 ears) with respect to improvement assessed by tympanoaudiometry. After one month, tympanoaudiometry revealed improvement in 21 (63.6%) of the treated ears but in only 13 (37.1%) of the untreated ears, indicating the efficacy of this treatment for OME.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1988

Extension of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and otitis media with effusion.

In 35 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma that occupied the fossa of Rosenmüller, the relationship of the tumor, assessed by computed tomographic scans, to otitis media with effusion and ventilatory function of the eustachian tube was examined. Incidence of otitis media with effusion was low when the tumor was limited to the fossa of Rosenmüller (stage I), and high when the tumor extended from the fossa to the parapharyngeal space (stage II). Passive opening of the eustachian tube remained normal until the tumor occupied the parapharyngeal space (stage III). However, active tubal opening was impaired in stage I and the impairment increased with the tumor stage. These results indicate that tumor extension from the fossa of Rosenmüller to the parapharyngeal space and resultant poor active tubal opening cause the development of otitis media with effusion in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The influence of middle ear pressure on the otolith system in cats.

The influence of varying middle ear pressure on the otolith system was investigated in anesthetized cats. Extra-axonal recordings of action potentials were performed in the vestibular nerve fibers and in the neurons in the lateral vestibular nucleus that responded to lateral or anteroposterior steady-state tilt. Positive or negative pressure was applied to the ipsilateral middle ear during the recordings. Seventy-three percent of the fibers and 63% of the neurons responded to changes in the middle ear pressure. These response rates were higher than those previously reported on the units innervating semicircular canals. Findings suggest that the otolith organs are more sensitive to changes in the middle ear pressure than are the semicircular canals. The units responding to lateral tilt were more sensitive to middle ear pressure than those that responded to anteroposterior tilt. Displacement of endolymph caused by pressure changes in the middle ear was considered to have affected the activities of hair cells in otolith organs.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

A new index for evaluation of the turbulent noise in pathological voice.

The validity of the parameter Br index, which was designed as an indicator of the turbulent noise in breathy voice, was tested. The parameter was determined by the ratio between energy of the second derivative of the high-pass filtered wave and that of the nonderived high-pass filtered wave. The principle of this method is the utilization of the difference in the frequency range between the turbulent noise and other components present. The parameter was found to correlate with the perception of breathiness. Clinical applications of this index suggest the possibility of using it further as a detection tool for diseases that generate turbulent noises.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Etiological role of adenoids upon otitis media with effusion.

To clarify the etiological role of adenoids in OME, the effects of adenoidectomy on Eustachian tube function and nasal sinusitis were examined. Adenoids were found to exert no influence upon tubal opening pressure, nor patency of the Eustachian tube in a static condition. Active function of the tube during swallowing, however, was improved significantly by the adenoidectomy. In addition, adenoidectomy improved nasal sinusitis, and in such patients, their active tubal function was satisfactory. From these results, adenoidectomy was considered to cure OME, partly via improvement of the pathological condition of the nasopharynx represented by nasal sinusitis.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1988

Hepatotoxicity of cyclophosphamide in man: pharmacokinetic analysis.

Of 44 patients with neoplasia treated with cyclophosphamide (CPA), 19 (43%) had a transient elevation of serum levels of aminotransferases. In these patients, regardless of the combination chemotherapy regimen given, the incidence of liver dysfunction was 33%, when the total CPA dose was less than 400 mg/m2 (Group A) and 73% with higher doses (Group B). Prior to the initiation of CPA treatment, pharmacokinetics of CPA were investigated in 15 patients. Plasma AUCs of CPA and phosphoramide mustard (PM) in 8 patients in Group B were higher than those in 7 Group A patients. In contrast, urinary excretion of 3-hydroxypropyl-mercapturic acid (3-HPMCA) was lower in Group B than in Group A. The ratio of urinary 3-HPMCA to plasma AUC of PM was significantly lower in Group B than in Group A (p less than 0.05). These results indicate that CPA-induced liver injury is mainly dose-dependent and presumably results from impaired metabolism of CPA, and especially of its metabolite, acrolein.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Magnetic resonance imaging of the eustachian tube. A correlative anatomical study.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the eustachian tube (auditory tube) was performed in normal subjects and in a patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The MR images obtained in an anteriorly tilted transaxial plane parallel to the eustachian tubes were compared with serial slices of a cadaver specimen. The eustachian tube cartilage, mucous lining of the eustachian tube, the lateral pharyngeal recess, the tensor veli palatini muscle, and the levator veli palatini muscle were identified in MR images using anatomical relationships. A patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma is described to demonstrate an example of topographical morbid changes appearing around the eustachian tube.

Eustachian Tube↗
PubMed1987

Direct measurement of middle ear pressure through the eustachian tube.

We report a method for measuring middle ear pressure through the eustachian tube. We used a 1-mm-diameter micro-tip catheter pressure transducer (Mikro-tip) and inserted this into the tympanic cavity through the eustachian tube. In preliminary studies, we measured four normal ears, two ears with tubal dysfunction, one ear with a dry perforation and 13 ears with otitis media with effusion (OME). Among those ears with OME, three showed negative middle ear pressure, three slight positive pressure and one normal pressure. These findings suggest that our transtubal method is reliable and useful for measuring middle ear pressure.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1987

Eustachian tube patency detected by a photoelectric method.

A method was developed to observe tubal orifice movement by fiberscope and detect patency of the eustachian tube by a photoelectric device (phototubometry). A highly sensitive photodiode in the external ear canal detected tube opening as increased luminosity in the tympanic cavity from a light source placed at the pharyngeal portion of the eustachian tube. The phototubometric record was superimposed on a TV screen to compare the opening in the pharyngeal portion of the eustachian tube to the tube opening during swallowing. The phototubometric records of 21 normal subjects examined by phototubometry showed the close relationship with the opened tubal lumen at the tensor veli palatini muscle (TVP) attached portion. This method is useful for examining tubal patency and observing changes in the pharyngeal portion of the eustachian tube.

Deglutition↗
PubMed1985

Neoglottic reconstruction following total laryngectomy.

Aspiration of saliva and food and postoperative stenosis of the shunt are not infrequent among laryngectomized patients who have undergone surgery for voice rehabilitation. A new technique for neoglottic reconstruction has been developed to overcome these complications. A neoglottis was created from the upper-tracheal rings to prevent postoperative stenosis and was also made to protrude into the esophagus, in order to prevent aspiration. This procedure has been performed on eight patients, seven of whom are speaking well and have no aspiration. Their speech is superior to esophageal speech when judged on the basis of duration and intelligibility. In one case, however, the neoglottis had to be closed because of aspiration.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Pathogenesis of protruded false vocal fold.

In ten patients with marked protrusion of the false vocal fold, the underlying structures were examined by computed tomography. The computed tomographic scan at the level of the false vocal fold consistently demonstrated a marked concavity of the thyroid ala on the side of the false-fold protrusion. The angle between the thyroid alae was significantly smaller in these patients than in normal controls. A combination of the above two deformities was considered to be responsible for the protrusion of the false vocal fold. Since all the patients were aged men, the deformity of the thyroid cartilage was presumed to be acquired, and related in some way to the aging process of the cartilage.

Aged↗