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Biomedical subjects

I Eriksson

Publications and source records attributed to I Eriksson.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Preoperative evaluation of abdominal aortic aneurysms: is there a need for aortography?

A comparison was made between angiography (AI), computer tomography (CT) and ultrasound (US) in the preoperative evaluation of 85 consecutive patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm. A total of 63 AI, 24 CT and 43 US were performed. It is concluded that the diagnostic accuracy in identifying aneurysms is higher for CT and US than for AI. AI and CT provide more correct data concerning the anatomy in the region of the renal arteries than US. We suggest that a non-invasive technique should be used for preoperative verification of the diagnosis. AI should only be used when the upper limit of the aneurysm and the relation to the renal arteries cannot be defined by non-invasive methods and, furthermore, in all cases with clinical signs of stenotic disease of the iliac arteries.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Abdominal aortic aneurysm with perianeurysmal fibrosis. A clinical entity.

Nine operatively treated patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm and associated perianeurysmal fibrosis are reported. The fibrotic reaction closely corresponded to the extent of the aneurysmal disease. In four patients only the periaortic tissue was involved, whereas in the other five there was also involvement of the tissue surrounding the inferior vena cava, the duodenum and one or both ureters. A tentative preoperative diagnosis of perianeurysmal fibrosis was made in three patients and in one of them this was confirmed at computer tomography. In view of the similarity in clinical and microscopic appearance it is suggested that "perianeurysmal fibrosis", "inflammatory aneurysms" and retroperitoneal fibrosis" associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms might represent the same disease or different stages of it.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Incidences of fatal postoperative pulmonary embolism after prophylaxis with dextran 70 and low-dose heparin: an international multicentre study.

A total of 4352 patients were admitted to a prospective' randomised multicentre trial comparing the prophylactic efficacy of dextran 70 and low-dose heparin against fatal pulmonary embolism after elective operations for general, orthopaedic, urological, and gynaecological conditions. Out of 3984 patients correctly admitted, 1993 were allocated to receive dextran 70 and 1991 to receive low-dose heparin. Withdrawal of prophylaxis because of bleeding or technical difficulties occurred more often in the heparin group, but allergic reactions were more common in the dextran group. Of the 75 patients who died within 30 days after operation, 38 had been given dextran and 37 low-dose heparin. Necropsy was performed in 33 and 32 of these cases respectively. In six patients in each group pulmonary embolism was the sole or a contributory cause of death. Of these, five patients in the dextran group and two in the heparin group had received a full course of prophylaxis. There was no statistically significant difference between the two treatment groups in the incidence of fatal pulmonary embolism after a full course of prophylaxis.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Multiple aneurysms of visceral arteries in a child with polyarteritis nodosa.

A 9-yr-old boy with polyarteritis nodosa presented a ruptured ileocolic arterial aneurysm that was resected and ligated at emergency operation. After angiographic examination showing multiple aneurysms of visceral arteries the inferior mesenteric and the common hepatic arteries were also ligated. One year postoperatively and on steroid medication the child is symptomfree with normal laboratory data.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1980

Diagnosis of abdominal aortic aneurysms by aortography, computer tomography and ultrasound.

Aortography, computer tomography and ultrasound were compared with respect to the diagnosis and evaluation of abdominal aortic aneurysms. The results show that ultrasound should be the method of choice for diagnosis and that the extension of the aneurysm towards the renal arteries is best evaluated by computer tomography. Aortography can thus be omitted in most cases.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1980

The in vitro modification of phosphorylated pyruvate kinase by a Ca2+-activated protease from rat liver.

A Ca/+-activated protease from rat liver cell sap was prepared. It was shown to act on rat liver pyruvate kinase that had been phosphorylated by the catalytic subunit of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, the activity being optimum at neutral pH. The modified pyruvate kinase had the same Vmax as the phosphoenzyme but showed a lower affinity for the substrate phosphoenolpyruvate. The possibility that this proteolytic attack is the step that initiates further degradation in the cell is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Hybridization of a myeloid leukemia-derived human cell line (K562) with a human Burkitt's lymphoma line (P3HR-1).

The myeloid leukemia-derived Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative human lymphoid cell line K562 was successfully hybridized with the EBV-carrying Burkitt's lymphoma line P3HR-1. Authenticity of the hybrid PUTKO-1 was established by chromosome and isoenzyme studies. A virtually complete hybrid PUTKO-1 carried the EBV genome derived from the lymphoma parent. It averaged 26 EBV DNA copies per cell and was 100% positive for Epstein-Barr virus-associated nuclear antigen (EBNA). In most respects, the hybrid resembled the K562 parent: It had a high Fc receptor concentration, high sensitivity to natural killer cells, absence of EBV C3 receptors, and deficiency of membrane-associated beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) and HLA, in parallel with intracellular synthesis and secretion of beta 2M to the medium. Unlike the P3HR-1 parent, the hybrid was completely nonpermissive for antigens of the EBV cycle, early antigen, and viral capsid antigen. None of the 3 inducing agents, 5-lodo-2'-deoxyuridine, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate, or sodium butyrate, caused any viral antigen synthesis in PUTKO-1 in contrast to the good inducibility of the parental P3HR-1 subline. Thus the myeloid parent restricted expression of EBV antigens except EBNA. This exception further supports the concept that EBNA is an autonomous function of the viral genome, independent of host cell control that regulates expression of antigens related to the viral cycle. On the contrary, extinction of viral antigens in this hybrid between 2 cell lineages supports our previous concept that the ability to produce viral antigens is similar to a differentiated B-cell property.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1980

Effects of high-frequency positive-pressure ventilation (HFPPV) and general anesthesia on intrapulmonary gas distribution in patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy.

In nine patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy, intrapulmonary gas distribution was evaluated by means of nitrogen washout. The investigations were performed with the patients in the supine position, first awake during spontaneous breathing and then during general anesthesia with high-frequency positive-pressure ventilation (HFPPV) via a pneumatic valve connector. With HFPPV a ventilatory frequency (f) of 60/min and a relative insufflation time (t%) of 22% of the ventilatory cycle were used. Gas distribution in terms of lung clearance index and nitrogen washout delay improved during HFPPV as compared with spontaneous breathing. Compared with spontaneous breathing and also with apnea during general anesthesia, functional residual capacity was increased during HFPPV. During air breathing arterial PO2 (PaO2) and alveolararterial oxygen tension differences (D(A-a)O2) were the same during spontaneous breathing and HFPPV, but during oxygen breathing PaO2 was lower and D(A-a)O2 higher with HFPPV. Ventilatory volumes set according to a nomogram for the pneumatic valve connector and HFPPV resulted in moderate hyperventilation. PaO2 could be controlled by adjustment of inspired oxygen concentration.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

The influence of heparin on haemodynamics and blood gases during abdominal aortic surgery.

Central haemodynamics and blood gases were measured in 26 patients undergoing elective aortic surgery for atherosclerotic or aneurysmal disease. Recordings were made at seven defined time points, starting before anaesthesia and ending 30 min after declamping of the aorta. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, one receiving heparin at an early stage and the other at a late stage of the operative procedure. A declamping shock phenomenon could be prevented by thorough blood and fluid replacement. After removal of the aortic clamp the cardiac output increased, except in a few patients who were considered preoperatively to be poor risks. A significant decrease in arterial oxygen tension and increase in pulmonary artery and pulmonary capillary wedge pressures occurred in patients receiving heparin at a later stage. The effect of heparin points to possible intravascular coagulation and pulmonary microembolism during the operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Effects of aortic occlusion in heparinized and non-heparinized pigs.

The aorta and common iliac arteries were clamped for 2 hours in 27 pigs under general anaesthesia. Ten pigs were heparinized and the other 17 did not receive heparin. A further 5 pigs were used as sham-operated non-heparinized controls. Blood gases and also mean arterial, pulmonary arterial, pulmonary capillary wedge and left atrial pressures were recorded before, during, and after clamping. In the non-heparinized pigs there was a significant increase in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure during and after clamping of the aorta, slight variations in the left atrial pressure (measured in 5 non-heparinized pigs) and a decrease in PaO2, which was especially pronounced after declamping of the aorta. No such changes occurred in heparinized or control animals. The discrepant results in heparinized and non-heparinized animals indicate a mechanism influenced by heparin. Clamping and declamping of the aorta obviously accelerated the changes in the non-heparinized animals. It is suggested that these changes are caused by pulmonary embolism induced by the clamping and declamping of the aorta. Alterations in the pulmonary circulation indicated that the mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure is not a reliable indicator of left ventricular filling pressure during aortic surgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Absorbable material in vascular prostheses: a new device.

Seven to twenty cm long bypass grafts were inserted between the upper and lower part of the descending aorts of 20 young pids with end-to-side technique. The aorta between the anastomoses was closed by a ligature. As graft materials were used circular polyglactin 910 (Vicryl) mesh tubes (group I), external PTFE graft (Impra) and internal polyglactin mesh tube (group II), PTFE graft (group III) and external dacron mesh tube and internal polyglactin mesh tube (group IV). The biological process taking place in the grafted area was studied by light microscopy. The following observations were made: (1) The regenerative capacity of the pig aortic tissue permits 7 to 15 cm long polyglactin mesh grafts to be replaced by a new endothelialized vessel wall imitation. (2) When resorbable and non-resorbable materials were combined to form a composite graft (groups II and IV) the result proved to be a prosthesis with an internal covering of endothelialized arterial tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Uraemic arterial disease. An experimental study with special reference to the effect of parathyroidectomy.

A histophatologic study of uraemic arterial lesions was performed in rats. They were made uraemic by 5/6 kidney resection, and the aorta and peripheral arteries were examined after intervals of up to 36 weeks. The characteristics of the arterial lesions were necrosis of medial smooth muscle cells and, in some cases, calcification of the media. The changes appeared first in the aorta, but after long uraemic periods also in peripheral arteries. The incidence and severity of necrosis and of calcification were assessed separately. Parathyroidectomy largely prevented the development of calcification, and to a lesser degree also smooth muscle cell necrosis. The results suggest that secondary hyperparathyroidism plays an important part in the development of uraemic arterial disease.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1979

Arterial regeneration following polyglactin 910 suture mesh grafting.

A suture mesh of polyglactin 910 [Vicryl (polyglactin 910) suture mesh] was placed as a patch graft into the thoracic aorta of 23 growing pigs. In three other pigs the mesh was grafted in the form of a tube to replace a short aortic defect. The biological processes taking place in the grafted area were studied by morphological methods. The following observations were made: (1) Hemostasis readily occurred by fibrin, platelet, and erythrocyte embedding of the mesh. (2) Early outgrowth of smooth muscle cells around the mesh took place from the normal aortic media and from a newly formed subintimal smooth muscle layer. (3) The newly formed arterial tissue was completely endothelialized within 20 days. (4) The polyglactin mesh had disappeared almost completely at 40 days, but the new wall seemed to retain sufficient strength throughout the observation time. (5) Only irregular deposition of elastic fibrils occurred, but in other respects the new tissue structurally resembled normal arterial tissue.

Animals↗