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Biomedical subjects

I Eriksson

Publications and source records attributed to I Eriksson.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Arterial calcifications in uraemic rats treated with 1-alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol and parathyroidectomy.

The effect of 1-alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (1-alpha-OH-D3) on the incidence of arterial calcifications, and the influence of parathyroidectomy on the effect of this vitamin D treatment, were studied in uraemic rats. Uraemia was induced by 3/4 kidney resection, and parathyroidectomy was achieved by electrocoagulation. 1-alpha-OH-D3 in a dose of 3, 10 or 125 ng/100 g body weight (b.w.) was given in the drinking water. The animals were killed after 12 or 16 weeks. Aorta and small arteries in the heart and in anterior tibial muscle were studied by light microscopy. Arterial lesions were frequently found in uraemic rats and were characterized by medial necrosis and calcifications. Following a 1-alpha-OH-D3 dose of 125 ng/100 g b.w. in uraemic rats both serum calcium and serum phosphate were increased and there was a high incidence of arterial calcifications both in the aorta and the small arteries. In uraemic rats receiving 10 ng/100 g b.w. of 1-alpha-OH-D3 serum calcium was only slightly elevated although the incidence of arterial calcifications (mainly in the aorta) was such higher than in uraemic rats without vitamin-D treatment. A dose of 3 ng/100 g b.w. of 1-alpha-OH-D3 given to uraemic rats did not result in any serum calcium increase, nor did it alter the incidence of arterial calcifications. Parathyroidectomy prevented arterial calcifications. Parathyroidectomy prevented arterial calcification in uraemic rats, but this effect was abolished by 1-alpha-OH-D3 in a dose of 10 ng/100 g b.w. which only raised the serum calcium to a subnormal value. In uraemia, treatment with 1-alpha-OH-D3 may increase the serum calcium X phosphate product, but this cannot fully explain the increased incidence of arterial calcifications. It is therefore suggested that vitamin D causes changes in the arterial wall which increase its susceptibility to the development of calcifications.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Sedation for fibreoptic gastroscopy: a comparative study of midazolam and diazepam.

Midazolam, a water-soluble benzodiazepine, was compared with diazepam in fat emulsion (Diazemuls) as sedation for outpatient gastroscopy in a randomized double-blind fashion. Midazolam 0.05 mg kg-1 was found to be approximately equipotent to Diazemuls 0.15 mg kg-1. There were no differences concerning speed of recovery and all patients were considered ready for discharge after 2 h. Venous tolerance was good for both drugs. With the same degree of sedation, midazolam produced a higher frequency of amnesia (60% v. 7%; P less than 0.001) for the endoscopic procedure. Although the patients appeared to prefer midazolam to Diazemuls, this difference was significant only in patients who had not previously undergone gastroscopy (P less than 0.05). The high degree of amnesia with midazolam may be an advantage in sedation for unpleasant procedures like gastroscopy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Significant of positive bacterial cultures from aortic aneurysms.

Samples for bacteriological examination were obtained from the aneurysm wall of 85 patients subjected to abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy. Twelve patients (14%) had positive cultures. A total of 13 bacterial strains were isolated, the majority of which were present in only small numbers and were regarded as contaminants. One patient developed a graft infection due to ischemic necrosis of the sigmoid colon. During the follow-up period no further graft infection was noted in patients with positive or negative aortic cultures. It is concluded that the aneurysm wall itself does not represent an important source of early or late graft infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Vascular complications in the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

The Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is a rare condition, which usually is easily recognized. In one type of this disease, type IV, arterial fragility dominates, and the syndrome may remain undiscovered until the patient has a traumatic or spontaneous arterial rupture. Two cases with a fatal outcome are presented in order to emphasize some important aspects in the management of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Regeneration of peripheral nerve through a polyglactin tube.

Polyglactin 910, a resorbable synthetic material, was used as a mesh-tube to bridge defects (7 to 9 mm in length) in a sectioned rabbit tibial nerve. After absorption of the mesh a new nerve sheath was formed which enclosed numerous minute fascicles of regenerating axons. The polyglactin tube influenced the direction taken by the regenerating axons and guided them into the distal segment. The tube also reduced the formation of neuromas and the growth of scar tissue from surrounding structures.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Peroperative assessment in arterial surgery--flow determination or angiography?

Complete data from flow measurement and intraoperative angiography were obtained in 70 femoro-popliteal vein by pass procedures. The results were compared in respect to their predictability of early outcome after arterial reconstruction. A correct prediction was given in 65 of 70 cases (92 per cent) by angiography. The corresponding figure for flowmeter determination was 52 of 70 (74 per cent). Angiography was found to be preferable to flow determination especially when low flow values were registered.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

The role of conducting airways in gas exchange during high-frequency ventilation--a clinical and theoretical analysis.

Observed values for lung clearance index and mixing ratio appeared to be better than the calculated ideal values in seven of nine patients during high-frequency positive-pressure ventilation (HFPPV). The presence of substantial amounts of N2 (9.2% to 22.5%) in the initial expired gas suggests that these findings are explained by amplified mixing of tidal gas with residual gas in the conducting airways secondary to the high gas flow velocity during inspiration. There was a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.59) between the amount of residual gas (N2) present in the initial part of the expirate and the efficiency of nitrogen washout. A "functional" dead space for N2 can be calculated. During HFPPV this was 125 +/- 71 ml and during spontaneous breathing 354 +/- 121 ml (p less than 0.001), giving a VD/VT for N2 of 0.38 +/- 0.06 as compared with 0.84 +/- 0.21 (p less than 0.001) during spontaneous breathing. It also implies a more efficient washout of N2 than of CO2 (VD/VT approximately 0.75) during HFPPV.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

The posterior approach for subfascial ligation of perforating veins.

A posterior midline incision was used for subfascial ligation of incompetent medial and lateral perforating veins in 57 limbs. The indications for surgery were recurrent ulceration in 41 limbs and severe skin changes in 16 limbs. At follow-up two years or more after surgery 48 limbs remained free from ulceration. Wound infection (7%) and necrosis (12%) healed with conservative treatment. In our experience the posterior approach is a good alternative to other methods for ligation of incompetent perforating veins in patients with advanced skin changes, including active ulceration.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Midazolam for induction of anaesthesia in outpatients: a comparison with thiopentone.

Midazolam, a new water-soluble benzodiazepine, with an elimination half-life of approximately 2 h, was compared with thiopentone for induction of general anaesthesia in a randomized, single-blind study. The patients were 60 healthy women undergoing legal abortion as outpatients. Midazolam provided smooth and reliable induction of anaesthesia with few side-effects. However, the induction time was considerably longer in the midazolam group (82.3 + 6.1) than in the thiopentone group (45.9 +/- 1.7s). The dose of midazolam required for induction was 0.36 +/- 0.01 mg/kg, while that of thiopentone was 6.43 +/- 0.21 mg/kg. Apnoea occurred with a frequency of 10% in the midazolam group and 55% in he thiopentone group, but was of equal duration in both groups. Circulatory conditions were more stable during induction with midazolam, with a slower fall in blood pressure and no change in heart rate. The patient were breathing O2/N2O in proportions of 1:2. To ensure adequate surgical anaesthesia, it was necessary to add halothane for short periods for all patients in the midazolam group and for 79% of the thiopentone group. Postoperatively, all patients who had received midazolam, but none induced with thiopentone, had anterograde amnesia; this lasted for more than 1 h. All patients in both groups could leave the hospital after routine postoperative observation for 3-4 h. Venous tolerance was good for both drugs.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1981

Repair of cardiac defects with absorbable material.

Partial resection of the right atrium was performed in 5 young pigs. The defect was covered with a patch graft of absorbable material (polyglactin 910). Ten weeks postoperatively the mesh was completely replaced by a newly formed tissue with a smooth inner surface. Light microscopy showed regeneration of fibro-elastic tissue and the luminal surface was covered with endothelial-like cells indistinguishable from normal endocardium.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Local antibiotic irrigation in the treatment of arterial graft infections.

A retrospective study was made of 7 patients with infected vascular grafts treated by local debridement, drainage and continuous antibiotic irrigation in combination with systemic antibiotics. The long-term results were excellent in 4 patients in whom infection had occurred along Dacron grafts without involvement of anastomoses but involved a risk of rebleeding. Some general principles in the management of patients with infected vascular grafts are suggested.

Administration, Topical↗