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Biomedical subjects

H Young

Publications and source records attributed to H Young.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Secretory antibody response of the cervix to infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Cervical secretions from 157 women were examined for antibody against Neisseria gonorrhoeae by an indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. Antigonococcal antibody was detected in 73 (97%) of 75 infected women, being of the IgG class in 73 (97%), of the IgA class in 71 (95%), and of the IgM class in 29 (39%). IgM antibody was nearly always associated with infections of less than 15 days' duration. Immunoglobulin G, reactive with N. gonorrhoeae, was found in 23 (33%) of 70 non-infected women; of these, 19 had non-gonococcal cervicitis. Neither IgA nor IgM antibodies were detected in these women. Antigonoccal IgA and IgG was found in each of 12 women who had no evidence of infection but were contacts of infected men. Successful treatment resulted in a rapid decline in IgA antibody activity but a more gradual decrease in IgG reactivity.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Screening by culture for the detection of gonorrhoea in women.

The number of gonoccal infections detected by each of three sets of diagnostic cultures from the urethra, cervix, rectum and occasionally the throat, were calculated for 1976 when Thayer Martin (TM) medium was used and for 1977 when Modified New York City (MNYC) medium was used. In 1977, 98.7 per cent (451/457) of the total infections diagnosed were confirmed by culture compared with 88.3 per cent (324/367) of infections diagnosed in 1976 (P less than 0.001). The first set of diagnostic tests detected 97.6 per cent (440/451) of culture-positive infections in 1977 compared with only 88.9 per cent (228/324) in 1976 (P less than 0.001). The efficiency of screening with a single endocervical culture was also calculated. This procedure would have detected 90.2 per cent (407/451) of culture-positive infections in 1977 when MNYC medium was used compared with only 78.1 per cent (253/324) in 1976 when TM medium was used (P less than 0.001). It is suggested that the statistically significant improvement in the culture results for 1977 resulted from the introduction of MNYC medium since all other diagnostic procedures were identical to those in 1976. Other advantages associated with the use of MNYC medium are discussed.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1978

Identification and penicillinase testing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from primary isolation cultures on modified New York City medium.

The fluorescent-antibody test, rapid carbohydrate utilization test (RCUT), and a test for penicillinase production were performed on the bacterial growth from primary cultures on modified New York City medium. Of 134 gonococcal infections in men, 88.8% were diagnosed by the fluorescent-antibody test and 70.9% by the RCUT after incubation for 24 h; the corresponding figures for 75 infections in women were 86.7 and 54.7%, respectively. After incubation for 48 h, 100% of infections were diagnosed by the fluorescent-antibody test, wherease 88.8% of infected males and 86.7% of females were also diagnosed by the RCUT. Primary isolation cultures on modified New York City medium proved suitable for determining the ability of strains to produce penicillinase by a modified RCUT procedure. The method of isolation and identification by using primary cultures from modified New York City medium is both rapid and economical. The rapidity of diagnosis provided by the RCUT makes this a very useful diagnostic method, particularly in laboratories lacking immunofluorescence equipment. Since the penicillinase production test forms part of a routine identification procedure, no extra culture media or subcultures are required. The rapidity of this test should make it of value in tracing contacts of patients infected with penicillinase-producing strains.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1978

Cultural diagnosis of gonorrhoea with modified New York City (MNYC) medium.

A simply prepared modified New York City medium, designated MNYC was compared with Thayer Martin (TM) medium for the cultural diagnosis of gonorrhoea. MNYC medium contained lincomycin, commercial gonococcal base and lysed whole blood, whereas the original New York City medium contained fresh horse plasma and haemoglobin solution, a basal medium prepared from basic ingredients and vanocmycin. Using MNYC medium gonococci were cultured from 96.1% of men and 100% of women with gonorrhoea (positive film and/or culture) compared with only 77.6% and 69% respectively using TM medium. There were no patients positive by culture on TM medium but negative by culture on MNYC medium. The proportion of men with positive films but negative culture was reduced from 17.1% on TM medium to 3.9% on MNYC medium. There were no women with positive films but negative cultures on MNYC medium compared with 19% on TM medium. MNYC medium is recommended as a simply prepared and highly efficient medium for the cultural diagnosis of gonorrhoea.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1978

Isolation of Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria catarrhalis from the genitourinary tract and anal canal.

During a 12-month period 285 isolates of Neisseria species, other than Neisseria gonorrhoeae, were cultured from patients attending the Department of Venereology, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh. There were eight patients in whom genitourinary or rectal isolates of Neisseria meningitidis or Neisseria catarrhalis were found. Differences between data from our series and from previous reports are discussed with particular regard to sites routinely cultured in female patients. We also report in vitro inhibition of N. gonorrhoeae by an isolate of N. meningitidis cultured from the cerivx of a patient.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1977

Immunotherapy with autologous white cell infusions ("lymphocytes") in the treatment of recurrrent glioblastoma multiforme: a preliminary report.

Autologous leukocytes (10(7) to 10(9)), obtained with the Haemonetic's Leukaphoresis apparatus, were inoculated directly into recurrent glioblastoma tumors via indwelling catheters or by direct intratumoral injection through existing craniotomy openings. The rational use for autologous leukocyte (lymphocyte) infusions was based on in vitro autologous lymphocyte cytotoxicity to glioblastoma cells in the absence of serum inhibitory factors. Seven of 17 patients treated had life expectancy under 1 month; all patients had received definitive surgery, and all but two received radiation, nitrosourea chemotherapy and/or dexamethasone, and showed evidence of clinically recurrent disease. Following autologous leukocyte infusion (lymphocyte/granulocyte ratio 1:1), eight patients sustained clinical improvement and were alive up to 17 months later. No neurotoxicity ascribable to the procedure has been observed. One patient, who was comatose at the time of single leukocyte infusion, returned to full activity and lived for 17 months without an increase in tumor mass by brain scan. These results suggest that infusions of autologous leukocytes (lymphocyte-monocytes) directly into glioblastoma may be a viable additional treatment for glioblastoma and certainly warrants further evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Friend strain of spleen focus-forming virus is a recombinant between ecotropic murine type C virus and the env gene region of xenotropic type C virus.

The spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV), a replication-defective murine leukemia virus that causes the rapid transformation of certain hematopoietic target cells, has acquired specific xenotropic viral genetic information not contained in Friend helper virus. In the current studies, it is shown that a cDNA that represents a xenotropic virus portion of SFFV detects genetic sequences derived from the env gene region of murine xenotropic virus. The significance of the acquisition of these xenotropic viral sequences by SFFV is discussed with regard to their possible role in the rapid leukemogenicity of SFFV, and an analogy is drawn between the formation of SFFV and the formation of the Kirsten and Harvey sarcoma viruses.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1976

Rapid carbohydrate utilization test for the identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

A rapid carbohydrate utilization test for the identification of N. gonorrhoeae was investigated, with reference to its use in a routine diagnostic laboratory. The rapid test was shown to give accurate results in agreement with those of a conventional serum-free sugar medium. Because of the shorter time taken for the confirmation of an isolate, and several other advantages, it is proposed that the rapid test is an extremely useful alternative to conventional sugar tests. Immunofluorescence was also used to identify isolates of N. gonorrhoeae and the rapid carbohydrate utilization test was found to assist in differentiating between N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis when equivocal or negative immunofluorescence results were obtained.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1975

I-region-associated determinants: expression on mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes and detection by cytotoxic T cells.

We have studied the expression of Ia-antigens, controlled by genes in the I-region of the H-2 complex, on phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated lymph node cells and on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated spleen cells, and have compared these two types of cell populations as targets for killer cells in the cell mediated lympholysis (CML) assay. PHA targets are almost completely insensitive to complement-mediated lysis by anti-Ia sera while the majority of LPS targets are killed. T cell-mediated lysis against I-region determinants was also detected, and these determinants, in contrast to H-2K and H-2D CML determinants, seem to be much more strongly expressed on LPS-stimulated cells. No differences in the kinetics of the response to K- or I-region CML determinants were observed. Lysis by killer cells can also be obtained against incompatibilities which do not give rise to strong skin graft rejection and against determinants which are most probably controlled by genes outside the K-D interval.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Complementation of human adenovirus type 5 ts mutants by human adenovirus type 12.

Temperature-sensitive mutants of type 5 adenovirus belonging to eight complementation groups were complemented in mixed infection by type 12 adenovirus, whereas mutants of 7 other groups were not enhanced. In some crosses, phenotypic mixing took place. No evidence of recombination between type 5 ts mutants and type 12 was found.

Adenoviridae↗