[Pathological findings of transplanted heart].
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Biopsy↗
Biomedical subjects
H Ueda
Publications and source records attributed to H Ueda.
[A case of liver choriocarcinoma].
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Aged↗
[The experimental allotransplantation of trachea in canine].
Twelve dogs were used for the experiment of allograft of the trachea. Under general anesthesia, the cervical trachea in the donor was exposed and five or six segments of cartilage were excised, and then, these grafts were transplanted at the central portion of the cervical trachea in the recipient. For the effective vascularization, the omental pedicle was transplanted around the graft. The immunosuppressant was administered in 5 dogs. In the experimental results, 5 dogs were survived over 30 days and one dog is now alive over 9 months with good condition. Postoperative bronchofiberscopic observation demonstrated that the formation of granulation occurred one week after transplantation and the stenosis developed and exacerbated by infection. In the long survived dog the anastomotic stenosis disappeared and the color of the mucosa of the graft was same as the recipient's. It was considered that the blood supply at the anastomotic portion was the most important factor for the viability of allograft of the trachea.
Animals↗
Effects of sodium bromate on ionic concentrations and osmolalities of the cochlear fluids in guinea pigs.
Effects of sodium bromate on cochlear potentials and electrolyte composition of the cochlear fluids in guinea pigs were investigated following administration of sodium bromate into the cochlea, using perilymphatic perfusion. Cochlear microphonics and the whole nerve action potential of the auditory nerve were markedly suppressed. The K+ and Cl- activities in the endolymph as well as the endocochlear dc potential (EP) decreased significantly and irreversibly, in proportion to the concentration of sodium bromate. A negative EP never developed during the monitoring of 120 min. Microsamples of the endolymph showed substantial decreases of K+ and Cl- concentrations and an increase in the concentration of Na+. Osmolality of the endolymph was much lower than that of the perilymph. The severe edema of the stria vascularis and collapse of Reissner's membrane were histologically evident. These events suggest a breakdown of the endolymph-perilymph barrier, coincident with an inhibition of the strial active transport, as a result of the ototoxic action of sodium bromate. The possible ion and water movement across the endolymph-perilymph barrier in the presence of sodium bromate is discussed.
Acoustic Stimulation↗
Phosphorylation of mu-opioid receptors--a putative mechanism of selective uncoupling of receptor--Gi interaction, measured with low-Km GTPase and nucleotide-sensitive agonist binding.
The mu-opioid receptor agonist stimulation of low-Km GTPase in rat striatal membranes was abolished by islet-activating protein (IAP) treatment, and recovered by Gi reconstitution. When the IAP-treated membranes were phosphorylated with a cAMP-dependent protein kinase, there was no such recovery by Gi. The agonist binding was not affected with respect to Kd, Bmax and sensitivity to guanine nucleotides in the phosphorylated membranes. These findings suggest that phosphorylation of mu-opioid receptors dissociates the agonist change in G-protein activity from the guanine nucleotide-sensitive agonist binding.
Animals↗
The kyotorphin (tyrosine-arginine) receptor and a selective reconstitution with purified Gi, measured with GTPase and phospholipase C assays.
We attempted to identify the kyotorphin receptor and the post receptor mechanisms mediated by GTP-binding proteins (G-proteins), using reconstitution techniques. The specific binding of [3H]kyotorphin in rat brain membranes was composed of high affinity (Kd = 0.34 nM) and low affinity (Kd = 9.07 nM) binding. As the high affinity binding disappeared in the presence of guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) and MgCl2, we investigated the kyotorphin receptor-mediated changes in membrane G-protein activity by measuring low Km GTPase activity. Kyotorphin produced a stimulation of low Km GTPase, and this stimulation was antagonized by Leu-Arg, a synthetic dipeptide which showed a potent displacement of [3H]kyotorphin binding, yet in itself had no effect on the low Km GTPase. The kyotorphin stimulation of low Km GTPase was abolished by pretreating membranes with islet-activating protein, pertussis toxin, and was recovered by reconstitution with purified G-protein, Gi, but not with Go. Similar evidence of selective coupling of kyotorphin receptor to Gi was obtained with the phospholipase C assay. Kyotorphin-induced stimulation of phospholipase C was also abolished by islet-activating protein-treatment and recovered by reconstitution with Gi but not with Go. These findings indicate that specific high and low affinity kyotorphin receptors exist in the rat brain and that the kyotorphin receptor is functionally coupled to stimulation of phospholipase C, through Gi. This study provides the first evidence of a selective involvement of Gi in the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipase C.
Animals↗
Antibodies to rat sperm tail polypeptides recognize Sertoli cell secretory proteins.
We have previously reported that (a) polyclonal antisera raised against rat Sertoli cell secretory protein S70 and S45-S35 heterodimeric protein recognize outer dense fiber polypeptides from rat sperm tail, and (b) protein S70 is antigenically related to polypeptides S45 and S35, the disulfide-linked components of the heterodimeric protein. We now report that polyclonal antisera generated against three different outer dense fiber polypeptides recognize (a) the putative antigen of the sperm tail and (b) Sertoli cell secretory protein S70 and its antigenically-related polypeptides. Immunogold electron microscopy shows that outer dense fibers of epididymal sperm crossreact with anti-S70 serum as well as with an antiserum raised against the polypeptide D complex of extracted outer dense fibers. Electron microscopy demonstrates that outer dense fibers consist of filamentous, coil-coiled units aligned side-by-side with each other. Results of this study strengthen the antigenic homology between Sertoli cell secretory proteins and outer dense fiber polypeptides of the sperm tail.
Animals↗
Prediction of stroke-prone gerbils and their cerebral circulation.
We attempted to predict the severity of cerebral ischemia, prior to permanent occlusion of a common carotid artery (CCA), in the gerbil by measuring the diameter of the distal CCA before and during temporary ligation and correlated the severity of cerebral ischemia and the pattern of cerebral circulation. All gerbils with reduction of the diameter over 44% after temporary occlusion developed severe neurological signs following permanent ligation. These gerbils lacked any connection between the left and right anterior cerebral arteries (ACA) and the pericallosal arteries originated from the ACA of the occluded side. No gerbils with reduction of less than 30% developed neurological signs and those gerbils possessed a definite anastomosis between the ACAs from both sides. Six of 7 gerbils without connection between the ACAs whose pericallosal arteries originated from the ACA of the non-occluded side proved to be moderately symptomatic. It was concluded that we could reliably predict severely symptomatic and moderately symptomatic gerbils with specific cerebral circulation patterns prior to permanent occlusion of the CCA. The preselected 'stroke-prone' gerbils should be useful for the investigation of cerebral ischemia and the evaluation of pharmacological agents.
Animals↗
Anterior rib strut grafting for the treatment of malignant lesions in the thoracic spine.
Anterior stabilization during thoracotomy, using the patient's own ribs, was carried out seven times in six subjects with malignant lesions of the thoracic vertebrae. The primary malignancy was lung carcinoma in four cases, thyroid carcinoma in one case, and alveolar soft tissue sarcoma in one. Resection of the lung tumor and spinal surgery were carried out simultaneously. Four of the six patients had complete paraplegia and two had partial paraplegia prior to the operation. After the decompression and anterior stabilization, three subjects responded well and three responded poorly because of respiratory insufficiency.
Adult↗
Surgical treatment of pulmonary aspergilloma and Aspergillus empyema.
Twenty-four patients, 16 male and 8 female, underwent a total of 35 operations for pulmonary aspergillosis. Intrapulmonary aspergilloma was detected in 19, and Aspergillus empyema was present in 5. The major operative procedures performed were pneumonectomy in 2 patients, lobectomy in 8, segmentectomy in 1, cavernostomy in 4, and open-window thoracostomy in 5. The surgical results in 5 patients 70 years old or older were excellent. Empyema developed postoperatively in 2 patients who had undergone wedge resection of the lung or segmentectomy. Although resection involving the minimum extent possible is desirable in the treatment of intrapulmonary aspergilloma so as not to decrease lung function, it is dangerous to perform a limited procedure in the case of aspergilloma with an invasive character. In patients in poor general condition, cavernostomy followed by muscle flap plombage is recommended. For Aspergillus empyema, the primary procedure was open-window thoracostomy followed by plombage using chest wall muscle or omentum. We consider omental flap plombage to be superior to thoracoplasty in some respects for mycotic empyema, especially because it is a less extensive surgical procedure.
Adult↗
Steroid production by amago salmon (Oncorhynchus rhodurus) testes at different development stages.
Developmental changes in the steroidogenic capacity of amago salmon (Oncorhynchus rhodurus) testicular fragments at six different stages during spermatogenesis and spermiation were examined using 18-hr incubations. Although both basal and chum salmon gonadotropin (SGA)-induced production of 11-ketotestosterone (11-ketoT) and 17 alpha,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17 alpha,20 beta-diOHprog) remained relatively low in testicular fragments isolated in August (GSI 1.06; primarily spermatocytes and spermatids in the testes) and September (GSI 2.33-4.85; many spermatids and spermatozoa in the testes), 11-ketoT production was two to three times higher than 17 alpha,20 beta-diOHprog production. In mid October (GSI 4.31; primarily spermatozoa in the testes, with a few spermatids remaining), SGA greatly stimulated 11-ketoT production with no further stimulation in late October (GSI 3.54; advanced spermiation). In contrast, SGA dramatically increased 17 alpha,20 beta-diOHprog production in late October and November (GSI 3.02), coincident with the period of active spermiation. A time course study showed that SGA caused a marked increase in production of 17 alpha,20 beta-diOHprog within the first 3 hr. Testes collected in August and September produced a considerable amount of 17 alpha,20 beta-diOHprog in the presence of an exogenous precursor, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone. These results indicate that a shift in steroidogenesis from 11-ketoT to 17 alpha,20 beta-diOHprog occurs in the amago salmon testis immediately prior to or during the spermiation period and further suggest that mechanisms of gonadotropin action on 17 alpha,20 beta-diOHprog production in testes differ from those of ovaries (Y. Nagahama, 1987, Dev. Growth Differ. 29, 1-12).
Animals↗
Shwartzman reaction in the brain induced by Haemophilus somnus and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide in rabbits.
Intracerebral inoculation of viable Haemophilus somnus resulted in suppurative or fibrino-suppurative meningitis of the brain and spinal cord in rabbits. Multiple fibrin thrombosis complicated with meningitis in the central nervous system was produced by intracerebral inoculation of H. somnus followed by intravenous inoculation with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. The latter reaction may be attributable to a form of Shwartzman reaction.
Animals↗
Microtubule-associated protein 2 as a sensitive marker for cerebral ischemic damage--immunohistochemical investigation of dendritic damage.
We investigated the neuronal distribution of microtubule-associated protein 2 in gerbil brain and monitored the progression of ischemic damage immunohistochemically by using this protein as a dendritic marker. The reaction for microtubule-associated protein 2 in normal gerbil brain clearly visualized neuronal soma and dendrites but other structures such as axonal bundles, glia and endothelial cells exhibited little immunoreactivity. In a reproducible gerbil model of unilateral cerebral ischemia, we could detect the ischemic lesions as early as 3 min after right common carotid occlusion at the subiculum-CA1 region of the ipsilateral hippocampus as faint loss of the reaction in the dendrites. After ischemia for 30 min, the ischemic lesions were clearly detected as loss of the reaction in the nerve cell bodies, dendrites and the neuropil in the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, thalamus and the caudoputamen. Although the mechanism for prompt disappearance of the immunohistochemical reaction for microtubule-associated protein 2 is not clear, the present investigation suggests that dendrites in the vulnerable regions may be quite susceptible to ischemic stress and that the immunohistochemical procedure for microtubule-associated protein 2 may be very useful for demonstration of dendritic damage in various pathophysiological states of the central nervous system.
Animals↗
Diode array spectroscopy in pharmaceutical analysis: determination of acetaminophen/codeine phosphate tablets.
The use of diode array spectrophotometry for the analysis of tablets containing acetaminophen and codeine has been investigated. The technique was found to be applicable to the analysis of tablets which nominally contain 300 mg acetaminophen and 15, 30 or 60 mg codeine phosphate (Tylenol Nos 2-4, respectively). The concentration of codeine in extracts of Tylenol No. 1, which contains 7.5 mg codeine phosphate, was found to be too low for precise determination. First-derivative spectroscopy is required for the analysis of Tylenol Nos 2 and 3. Tylenol No. 4 can be determined using either the zero or the first-derivative spectra; however, the former was found to give consistently lower values for each component. The influence of derivative order and analytical wavelength range on the precision was investigated. The accuracy of the procedure was assessed by comparing the results from spectroscopy with those from liquid chromatography. Finally, some general conclusions on the applicability of diode array spectroscopy for the multicomponent analysis of pharmaceuticals are presented.
Acetaminophen↗
A microcalorimetric investigation of the binding of cinnarizine to cyclodextrins.
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Calorimetry↗
Intrabronchial neurilemmoma--review of cases in Japan.
We recently encountered a case of intrabronchial neurilemmoma. The patient was a 15-year-old boy who had a wheeze. After observation with a bronchofiberscope, a wedge resection of the left main bronchus was performed. No postoperative complications nor recurrence was seen. To date, five cases of intrabronchial neurilemmoma have been reported in the Japanese Journals. Surgical removal was performed in 4 of 5 and bronchofiberscopic excision in 1. This paper summarizes the clinical features of these cases as well as our own case.
Adolescent↗
Is immunotherapy for habitual aborters an immunologically hazardous procedure for infants?
Physical development and tests of immunologic function are reported from the first year of life for 13 infants born to mothers who were habitual aborters and who had undergone subcutaneous vaccination with their husband's lymphocytes. The mean weight of the infants at birth was 2,975 +/- 540 g, including one infant who was small for dates. Physical development parameters for the first year were all within normal range. Immunologic studies were performed at ages 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. The studies included the following: (1) serum levels of immunoglobulins and complement components; (2) the number of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and their subpopulations; and (3) proliferative responses by PBL against unrelated lymphocytes and some mitogens (pokeweed, phytohemagglutinin, and concanavalin A). All were normal when compared with studies of infants of nonimmunized mothers. These observations suggested that subcutaneous vaccination of women with their husband's lymphocytes did not result in any adverse effects on their infants' physical or immunologic development.
Abortion, Habitual↗
Ultrastructural findings in the wound healing of the colonic mucosa of rabbits.
The wound healing of the rabbit colonic mucosa after experimental excision was observed with the electron microscope. Between 5 and 7 days, considerable numbers of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells (group I), differentiating muscle cells (group II) and histiocyte-like cells (group III) appear in the regions where the muscularis mucosae is re-establishing. Our electron micrographs indicate that group I cells are stem cells which differentiate to group II cells involved in muscle regeneration or to group III cells involved in phagocytosis. The mitotic proliferation of pre-existing smooth-muscle cells at the ulcer margin does not seem to be the major reason for the re-establishment of the muscular layer. Multinucleated cells occurring in this healing mucosa are considered to be formed by successive fusions between the group III cells and to play a role in enclosure of cell debris such as fragments of elastin.
Animals↗