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Biomedical subjects

H Ueda

Publications and source records attributed to H Ueda.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Adult T cell leukemia in hemodialysis patients from the Kagoshima district, an area in which human T cell leukemia virus type I is highly endemic.

We report 2 cases of adult T cell leukemia (ATL) from hemodialysis (HD) patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) in the Kagoshima district, an endemic area of human T cell leukemia virus type I(HTLV-I) in Japan. The positivity of antibodies to ATL-associated antigen(anti-ATLA) in HD patients, regardless of whether or not blood transfusions were given, has been higher than in healthy persons in the district (p less than 0.01). ATL is considered to break out from HTLV-I carriers. Further study should be conducted to clarify the relationship between HTLV-I infection and CRF, and moreover, attention should be directed not only to treatment of HD but accompanying ATL as well, particularly in HTLV-I-endemic areas.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Effects of acute nicotine on catecholamine turnover in various rat brain regions.

Acute effects of in vivo nicotine application on turnover rates of noradrenaline (NA), adrenaline (AD) and dopamine (DA) in rat occipital cortex, hippocampus, striatum, hypothalamus, thalamus, midbrain, pons/medulla and cerebellum were examined by determining the amine concentrations by high performance liquid chromatography. The regional turnover rates of catecholamines were evaluated by comparing the decline in concentrations produced by blockade of synthesis. Intraperitoneally injected fusaric acid (80 mg/kg), an inhibitor of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, significantly decreased NA concentration in all eight regions examined, and AD concentration in the hypothalamus and pons/medulla. alpha-Methyl-p-tyrosine methylester (alpha-MPT, 400 mg/kg), an inhibitor of the tyrosine hydroxylase, induced significant and uneven decreases in regional DA concentrations 1 h after the i.p. injection. alpha-MPT also significantly decreased NA concentration in all the regions except the striatum. Subcutaneously injected nicotine 0.4-1 mg/kg significantly enhanced the fusaric acid-induced decline in NA concentrations in the hippocampus and cerebellum. AD decline in the midbrain by fusaric acid was significantly accelerated by nicotine (0.4 mg/kg), but was not affected by a larger dose (1 mg/kg). In the hippocampus, nicotine (1 mg/kg) significantly enhanced the alpha-MPT-induced decrease in NA concentration, while it reduced the decrease in DA concentration. These findings suggest that nicotine can affect the turnover of brain catecholamine in a regionally specific manner.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Studies on antibacterial agents. I. Synthesis of substituted 6,7-dihydro-1-oxo-1H,5H-benzo[i,j]quinolizine-2-carboxylic acids.

A series of substituted 6,7-dihydro-1-oxo-1H,5H-benzo[i,j]quinolizine-2-carboxylic acids was synthesized and tested for antibacterial activities. Among them, 9-fluoro-6,7-dihydro-5-methyl-8-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-1-oxo-1H,5H- benzo[i,j]quinolizine-2-carboxylic acid (OPC-7241) exhibited potent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and -negative bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 9-fluoro-6,7-dihydro-8-(4-hydroxy-1-piperidyl)-5-methyl-1-oxo-1H, 5H-benzo[i,j]quinolizine-2-carboxylic acid (OPC-7251) showed potent activity characteristically against Propionibacterium acnes.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Molecular pharmacology of opioid receptor mechanisms].

The molecular basis of opioid receptor mechanisms was studied in reconstitution experiments using purified or membrane-bound opioid receptors and purified GTP-binding proteins (G-proteins). mu-Opioid receptor exclusively purified from rat brains was reconstituted with G-proteins in lipid vesicles. The mu-agonist stimulated the G-protein activity in both G1 or Go-reconstituted vesicles. The stoichiometry revealed that one molecule of mu-receptor is functionally coupled to plural numbers of Gi or Go molecules and that mu-receptor exists in at least two different subtypes, mu i and mu o, separately coupled to Gi and Go, respectively. In addition, when the mu-receptor was phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase, the mu-agonist-stimulation of G-protein activity disappeared, while the guanine nucleotide-sensitivity of agonist binding was unchanged. These findings suggest that there are independent domains in the receptor which are related to functional coupling to G-protein and to the agonist-binding modulation by G-protein. kappa-Opioid receptor agonist inhibited the G-protein activity in guinea pig cerebellar membranes. Further experiments revealed that the kappa-opioid receptor is functionally coupled to an inhibition of phospholipase C activity via an inhibition of Gi-activity. Such a receptor-mediated inhibition of G-protein activity may be the first demonstration of a signal transduction mechanism. The delta-opioid receptor agonist showed no effect on G-protein activity in guinea pig striatal and rat cortical membranes, while it stimulated it in NG108-15 cells. In all these membranes, the delta-agonist binding was markedly reduced by GTP gamma S in the presence of MgCl2. These findings suggest that delta-receptors in the brain might be coupled to G-protein without signal transduction.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Preventive hepatic arterial infusion in high risk cases of liver metastasis from gastric cancer].

Preventive hepatic arterial infusion (MMC 20 mg, 5-FU 500 mg; one-shot) was applied to high risk cases of liver metastasis from gastric cancer. Postoperative liver metastases were found in 5 (16.1%) of 31 arterial infusion patients, against 9 (25.7%) of 35 controls. The average interval to recurrence from operation was 6.8 +/- 3.0 (SD) months in arterial infusion, against 5.4 +/- 3.0 months in controls. These results suggest that preventive hepatic arterial infusion will decrease the rate of postoperative liver metastasis from gastric cancer.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[Susceptibility of clinical isolates to aztreonam].

In vitro antibacterial activities of 9 antibiotics including aztreonam (AZT) against clinically isolated Gram-negative bacteria were determined using MIC-2000 plus system. Bacteria were isolated from clinical materials in Saga Medical School during a period from May 1987 to March 1988. Summarized results were as follows: 1. AZT showed excellent antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus sp. and Haemophilus influenzae, and MIC80 values of AZT against these organisms were lower than 0.20 microgram/ml. 2. Antibacterial activities of AZT were superior to cephem antibiotics compared against Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii and Serratia marcescens. 3. The MIC50 and MIC80 of AZT against Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 12.5 micrograms/ml and 25 micrograms/ml, respectively. 4. AZT did not show any antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter sp. and Xanthomonas maltophilia.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1989

Application of new silicone gel to sustained release dosage form of antitumor drug.

The object of this study was to develop a sustained release implantable dosage form of a new silicone gel (PHYCON 6600R) which undergoes addition polymerization to produce a solid gel at ordinary temperature. Implantable PHYCON-drug composites were studied as a means of tumor therapy using 3',5'-diesters of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FUdR-Cn) as a model for antitumor drugs. Using an in vitro dissolution test, we found that the release characteristics of drugs from these preparations could be controlled by the addition of powdered L-alanine. In vivo studies of antitumor activity were carried out, using preparations containing the dodecyl ester (FUdR-C12) by measuring the lifespan of lymphoma-inoculated mice. Antitumor activity, reflected in increased lifespan, was shown to be greater following intraperitoneal administration of the PHYCON formulations (drug and L-alanine) than following injections of the drug alone. Our results suggest that sustained release implantable formulations of antitumor drugs in PHYCON might be suitable for tumor chemotherapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A comparative study of the biological behavior of gastric cancer from the view of the amount of connective tissue in the cancerous tissue--a correlation between the amount of connective tissue and the metastatic pattern].

Differences between advanced gastric cancer of the medullary type (med.: 138 cases) and the scirrhous type (sci: 164 cases) with regard to the amount of connective tissue that was cancerous have been studied clinicopathologically. A correlation was found between med and liver metastasis, and sci and peritoneal dissemination in metastatic types, whereas no correlation was observed in other factors except between med and a localized type, sci and infiltrating type in gross type. The study of tumorigenicity in nude mice showed remarkable difference between med (86.7%) and sci. (0%). These results indicate that there is definite relationship between the amount of connective tissue and the biological behavior of a gastric cancer.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1989

Application of PHYCON 6600 to achieve sustained release of an antitumor drug (carmofur).

This study attempted to develop sustained release implantable dosage forms based on PHYCON 6600, a new silicone gel. The solid gel is prepared at ambient temperature by polymerization of two basic components (PHYCON A and PHYCON B solutions) for about 1 h. The application we explored was the use of implantable PHYCON-drug composites in tumor therapy. Carmofur (1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil, HCFU) was chosen as a practical antitumor drug. Using an in vitro dissolution test, near zero-order release rate was observed over a period of about 35 days. The amount of drug released by the 'burst phenomenon' was found to be less than the HCFU toxic dose. In vivo studies of antitumor activity were carried out by measuring the lifespan of lymphoma-inoculated mice (ILS). The increase in lifespan (38.5%) following intraperitoneal administration of the PHYCON formulations was similar to that (36.4%) following injection of the drug alone for 5 days. Our results suggest that the injectable and implantable sustained release formulations of the antitumor drug in PHYCON might be suitable for tumor chemotherapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Stacking interactions between protonated nucleic acid bases and aromatic amino acids: spectroscopic and structural analyses of m3CMP-tryptophan derivative complex.

As a stacking model between nucleic acid bases and aromatic amino acids, the interaction on m3 CMP-tryptophan derivative has been studied by 1H-NMR and X-ray crystal analyses. From the comparative 1H-NMR experiments using CMP and m3CMP, it is suggested that the N(3)-protonation by methylation greatly strengthens the stacking interaction with tryptophan. Parallel alignment with a separation distance of 3.38A is shown by the X-ray analysis of m CMP-tryptamine complex. The stacking mode is very similar to those observed in the complexes of indole ring with m1A and m7G.

Cytidine Monophosphate↗
PubMed1989

[Analysis of recurrences of meningiomas following neurosurgical resection].

A clinical and pathological study of 124 surgically treated patients with intracranial meningiomas was carried out to evaluate factors influencing recurrence. The patients ranged in age from 8 years to 75 years. Thirty-five (28.2%) were males and 89 (71.8%) were females. Recurrences occurred in 18 patients, once in eleven, twice in six, four times in one. The period from first surgery to recurrence ranged from 5 months to 84 months (mean 29.9 months). Age, sex, site of tumor, surgical grading, and histology were selected as analytic factors. Simpson's classification was used as surgical grading. All the patients with recurrences were younger than 60 years old, and particularly in the patients who were younger than 40 years the recurrence rate was high. Mean age of the group with recurrence was 41.8 years, which was significantly younger than that of the group without recurrence (52.0 years). In the group with recurrence, ten were males and eight were females. The recurrence rate was 28.6% in males, and was 9.0% in females. Thus the recurrence rate was significantly higher for males than for females (p = 0.016). It also seemed that the period from first surgery to recurrence was earlier for males than for females. The patients with meningiomas at posterior fossa or sphenoid ridge often had recurrences, and the recurrence rate was 29.4% and 21.7%, respectively. But these recurrence rates were not significantly higher than those at other sites. On the contrary, no recurrences occurred at convexity, intraventricle, and olfactory groove.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical treatment of mycotic lung diseases].

Eighteen cases of mycotic lung disease, which included 17 pulmonary aspergillosis and one cryptococcosis, were treated surgically. Lobectomy was performed in 4, segmentectomy in 1, partial resection of lung in 4, cavernostomy in 2, open window thoracotomy in 4 and exploratory thoracotomy in 1. The authors would like to emphasize following points; 1) Of eighteen, cases, there were five patients over 70 years old and results of surgery in those were uneventful. 2) Two cases developed the postoperative empyema which was caused by the remnant lesion invaded with aspergillus fumigotus. From this experience it was considered that in the invasive aspergillosis the limited resection of the lesion was not recommended because of its local recurrence. 3) Omentopexy was effective for the treatment of mycotic empyema.

Adult↗