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Biomedical subjects

H Ueda

Publications and source records attributed to H Ueda.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

A study of systemic and topical effects of topical steroid application through the comparison of two application schedules.

We compared two application schedules of a topical steroid, BV (Betamethasone valerate). The schedules were once daily and twice a week on juvenile Wistar rats treated for four weeks. Steroid actions were assessed topically (skin thickness and epidermal Langerhans cell density) and systemically (body weight and internal organ wet weights). The results revealed some rather severe systemic effects caused by frequent steroid application. And we also found a uniquely weak BV effect with Langerhans cells compared to obvious systemic effects on rats. We came to the conclusion that frequent steroid application to the young should be avoided.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1990

Functional reconstruction of purified Gi and Go with mu-opioid receptors in guinea pig striatal membranes pretreated with micromolar concentrations of N-ethylmaleimide.

Functional coupling between mu-opioid receptors and GTP-binding regulatory proteins (G proteins) was investigated in reconstituted membranes of the guinea pig striatum. Selective mu-opioid agonists stimulated low-Km GTPase in striatal membranes, in a Na(+)-dependent manner. The same mu-opioid agonist [( D-Ala2, N-Me-Phe4, Gly5-ol]-enkephalin (DAGO)] caused no stimulation when the membranes were exposed to islet-activating protein (IAP; pertussis toxin). There was also no DAGO stimulation in preparations pretreated with a lower concentration (5 microM) of N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), which abolished the ADP-ribosylation of purified Gi (the G protein that mediates inhibition of adenylate cyclase) and Go (a G protein of unknown function purified from bovine brain) by IAP. In addition, as the NEM treatment caused no change in the mu-agonist binding, NEM could probably substitute for IAP in inactivating native G proteins, without exhibiting effects on the receptor binding in membranes. The mu-agonist stimulation of low-Km GTPase activity in NEM-treated membranes was recovered by reconstitution with purified Gi or Go. The mu-agonist stimulation of low-Km GTPase was additive when Gi and Go were simultaneously reconstituted in NEM-treated membranes in amounts of 0.5 pmol/assay, which was required for maximal recovery, in either reconstitution experiment. The present findings provide the first evidence that the mu-opioid receptor may exist in at least two different forms, separately coupled to Gi or Go.

Adenylate Cyclase Toxin↗
PubMed1990

Evidence for the involvement of cyclic GMP in adenosine-induced, age-dependent vasodilatation.

1. Adenosine-induced dilatation of rat aorta was present in aorta taken from 4 week-old rats, attenuated with increase in age of rats to 8 weeks, and was virtually absent in the aorta from 12 week-old rats. 2. Removal of the endothelium by mechanical rubbing attenuated adenosine-induced dilatation. 3. Haemoglobin and methylene blue partly reversed the adenosine-induced endothelium-dependent dilatation. 4. The order of potency of adenosine derivatives was 5'-(N-ethylcarboxamido)adenosine (NECA) greater than 2-phenylaminoadenosine (CV-1808) greater than 2-chloroadenosine greater than N6-([R]-[-]-phenylisopropyl)adenosine (R-PIA) greater than adenosine greater than N6-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) greater than N6-([S]-[+]-phenylisopropyl)adenosine (S-PIA), indicating that adenosine receptors mediating the dilatation are of the A2 subtype. 5. [3H]-NECA bound to preparations of membranes from rats of 4 weeks old; it was displaced more effectively by NECA and the A2 ligand CV-1808 than by the A1 ligands CHA and S-PIA. ligands CHA and S-PIA. 6. The number but not affinity of specific binding sites for NECA decreased considerably with increase in age of rats to 8 weeks, and binding sites for [3H]-NECA were hardly detected in membrane preparations from rats of 20 weeks old. 7. Adenosine caused a marked increase in cyclic GMP production, but did not induce an increase in the cyclic AMP level. 8. This increase in cyclic GMP production induced by adenosine was abolished by methylene blue or 8-phenyltheophylline, or by removal of the endothelium. 9. The age-associated decrease in adenosine-induced dilatation was found to be associated with a reduction in the formation of cyclic GMP, but not of cyclic AMP. 10. These results suggest that adenosine causes dilatation via A2 receptors by inducing production of an endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), which in turn stimulates soluble guanylate cyclase, and so increases production of cyclic GMP. It is also suggested that the main reason for the age-associated decrease in adenosine-induced dilatation is a decrease in the number of A2-receptors or the ability of the endothelium to produce EDRF, leading to decreased production of cyclic GMP.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1990

Temperature-dependence of desensitization induced by acetylcholine and histamine in guinea-pig ileal longitudinal muscle.

1. The effects of temperature on the time course of desensitization induced by acetylcholine and histamine, and on the recovery from desensitization were studied in the longitudinal muscle of the guinea-pig ileum. 2. Self- and cross-desensitization produced by acetylcholine (10(-5) M) occurred rapidly in the first 10 min of exposure to the agonist, with the same time course and the same degree of desensitization over the temperature range of 11 degrees C to 31 degrees C. 3. Self-desensitization produced by histamine (10(-5) M) also occurred rapidly in the first 10 min of exposure to the agonist, and showed great temperature-dependence, especially at 11 degrees C and 21 degrees C, but scarcely occurred at 6 degrees C. 4. Cross-desensitization produced by histamine developed gradually with time and showed a moderate temperature-dependence between 11 degrees C and 31 degrees C, but scarcely occurred at 6 degrees C. 5. The recovery processes from desensitization showed marked temperature-dependence. Recovery was halted completely at 11 degrees C. 6. These studies suggest that acetylcholine-induced desensitization may be attributed to a single non-specific mechanism. Histamine-induced desensitization may be due to at least two mechanisms: it occurs in both a specific and non-specific manner. Each of these desensitizations can be characterized by its unique temperature-dependence.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1990

Result of immunotherapy on patients with unexplained recurrent abortion: a beneficial treatment for patients with negative blocking antibodies.

Thirty-nine unexplained recurrent aborters underwent vaccination using husband's lymphocytes according to the previously reported protocol. No mixed lymphocyte culture reaction-blocking antibodies (MLR-BAbs) were observed in these patients prior to vaccination. Of 35 newly pregnant patients after vaccination(s), pregnancy successfully continued in 28 (80.0%) and have already been terminated with a liveborn offspring. Pregnancy outcome was also analyzed in unexplained recurrent aborters who revealed positive MLR-BAbs without immunotherapy. In this group, out of eight pregnancies in seven patients, five (62.5%) continued beyond their critical period of 14 wks of gestation. Three infants born from these pregnancies, however, presented severe abnormalities. Furthermore, outcome of 14 pregnancies in 12 unexplained recurrent aborters with negative MLR-BAbs was analyzed since they had become pregnant without immunotherapy; pregnancy was successfully continued in only four cases (28.6%). Thus, vaccination using husband's lymphocytes on unexplained recurrent aborters with negative MLR-BAbs is suggested to be effective. In addition, it is suggested that immunotherapy for patients with positive MLR-BAbs should be carefully followed.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1990

Acetylcholinesterase activity of developing muscles in the lower limb of the rat.

A cytochemical study of acetylcholinesterase was done in the lower limb of the prenatal rat and in the gastrocnemius muscle of the postnatal rat. Between 15 and 17 days of gestation, mesenchymal cells constituting the muscle primordia are characterized by the presence of enzyme activity in their rough endoplasmic cisterns and nuclear envelopes, while those involved in the formation of the neocapillary and cartilage do not show enzyme activity. This suggests that mesenchymal cells destined to myogenic cells actively produce acetylcholinesterase in a limited period, which may play a role in cellular aggregation and fusion during the muscular morphogenesis. Cytochemical findings as to extensive networks of secondary synaptic folds of the neuromuscular junctions and invaginations of the sarcolemma in the extrasynaptic regions are also illustrated in the differentiating gastrocnemius muscles.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1990

Studies on antibacterial agents. II. Synthesis and antibacterial activities of substituted 1,2-dihydro-6-oxo-6H-pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinoline-5-carboxylic acids.

A series of substituted 1,2-dihydro-6-oxo-pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinoline-5-carboxylic acids for the treatment of systemic infections was synthesized via 7-bromo-3-ethylthio-4,5-difluoro-2-methylindole (3), which was prepared by Gassman's indole synthesis in excellent yield. The synthesized pyrroloquinolines were tested for their antibacterial activities. 8-Fluoro-1,2-dihydro-2-methyl-9-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-6-oxo-6H- pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinoline-5-carboxylic acid showed a potent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1990

Studies on antibacterial agents. III. Synthesis and antibacterial activities of substituted 1,4-dihydro-8-methyl-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids.

A series of substituted 4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids having a methyl group at the 8-position was prepared and tested for their antibacterial activity. 7-(trans-3-Amino-4-methyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-cyclopropyl-1,4-dihydro-6- fluoro-8-methyl-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (21) exhibited highly potent antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1990

Brain stem (ABR) and middle latency (MLR) auditory evoked responses in infants.

We examined ABRs and MLRs for click and/or 500-Hz tone pip stimuli in infants (36-44 weeks conceptional age) admitted to the NICU and measured the threshold and detectability of those responses. We took the threshold indicators of those responses as Jewett V for ABR measurement and wave PO Nal Na2 for MLR measurement. Thresholds of MLRs for click stimuli were almost equal to those of ABRs for click stimuli. On the other hand, thresholds of MLRs for 500-Hz tone pip stimuli were slightly worse than ABRs for click stimuli, the average differences being less than 10 dB. Wave Po Nal Na2 are the best threshold indicators of MLRs in infants, but the diagnostic significance of wave Pa was questionable in our measurements.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1990

Availability of 4'galactosyllactose (O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1----4)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1----4)- D-glucopyranose) in rat.

O-beta-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1----4)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1----4)-D- glucopyranose (designated as 4'GL) is produced from lactose by Cryptococcus laurentii. The influence of chronic ingestion of 4'GL on body weight gain, organ weight, serum lipids, and liver lipids was investigated in rats. The body weight gains of the 5% and 10% 4'GL-diet groups were higher than that of the control group. Food intake and fecal dry weight were significantly increased (p less than 0.05) by 4'GL feeding. The 4'GL diet produced a significant increase (p less than 0.01) in the wet weight and contents of both the cecum and the colon. However, no significant increase was observed in the weight of the stomach, small intestine, liver, or other organs. The effects of 4'GL on serum and liver lipid levels were not observed in this experiment. The digestion of 4'GL was measured in vitro using the artificial gastric juice, alpha-amylase of human saliva, alpha-amylase of hog pancreas, and mucosa of rat intestine. 4'GL was not hydrolyzed by these enzymes. Long-term ingestion of 4'GL did not cause any induction of 4'GL hydrolyzing enzyme activity in the rat small intestine.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Expression of protein kinase C isozyme in human Langerhans' cells.

Protein kinase C is a key molecule controlling signal transduction into the cell. We recently reported that protein kinase C II isoenzyme, but neither I nor III isozyme, was expressed in epidermal Langerhans' cells of the adult mouse, and that none of these isozymes was detected in keratinocytes. In this study, we examined the expression of protein kinase C isozymes in human Langerhans' cells in vivo to see whether the expression of protein kinase C II isozyme in Langerhans' cells is a mouse-specific trait. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that protein kinase C II isozyme, but neither I nor III isozyme, was expressed in epidermal Langerhans' cells. None of these isozymes was detected in keratinocytes. These results suggest that the expression of protein kinase C II isozyme in epidermal Langerhans' cells in vivo is not a mouse-specific trait and that protein kinase C II isozyme is a novel phenotypic marker for epidermal Langerhans' cells in human as well as mouse skin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Stereoselective synthesis of marine antibiotic (-)-malyngolide and its stereoisomers.

A convenient synthetic method for the marine antibiotic (-)-malyngolide and its stereoisomers was accomplished from a chiral alpha-alkoxyketone (4), which was readily available as a chiron. Chiral quaternary carbon synthons (5a) and (5b) as the key intermediates were constructed by the chelation controlled addition of Grignard reagent to 4. The diastereomeric mixture of 5a and 5b was readily transformed into a separable mixture of lactones (7a) and (7b), each of which could be easily separated by silica-gel column chromatography. (-)-Malyngolide and its three stereoisomers were obtained in optically pure form without the need for optical resolution.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1990

[Centralization of all medical laboratory data by laser disk filing system].

In recent years, the medical laboratory system is being widely applied. We describe the medical laboratory system of our Saga Medical School Hospital, including the electrocardiogram (ECG) and electroencephalogram (EEG) laser disk data filing systems. The main computer system of FUJITSU M-730/4 (main memory of host computer 13 MB) handles a large amount of data, in the fields of chemistry, hematology, serology, microbiology, blood banking and histology laboratory. All 17 chemistry and hematology automatic analyzers are linked through communication lines to the main computer. The important tasks of this system are data processing, storing of information in the database, data reporting and quality control statistics. This laboratory system is also connected to the total hospital information system of FUJITSU M-760, main memory 48 MB. For pattern recognition, ECG and EEG laser disk data filing systems have been constructed. The main purpose of these filing systems is mass storage of analog data signals in laser disk, computer assisted analysis and data communication. ECG and EEG analog data are converted into digital form by the analog-to-digital converter, and then transmitted over hospital telephone lines to the central computer system for analysis. The computer assisted statements are then sent back to the ECG terminals at the nurse station. As necessary, after the physician reads over the ECG, statements are printed in the final reports. These optical reporting systems are also linked to the total hospital information system. One of the main tasks in the laboratory is the control of the seemingly endless paper work.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗
PubMed1990

Differential expression of human leukocyte antigen-A, -B, and -C locus specific genes in trophoblast and embryonic cells.

Research on the escape mechanism of the fetoplacental unit has focused on the placental trophoblast, which is though to play an important role in the survival of the fetus. There are two major findings in the present study: (a) The expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A, -B, and -C locus specific genes is greatly reduced in trophoblast cells compared to embryonic cells by Northern blot analysis using locus specific oligonucleotide probes. This is true even though the transcripts detected by a complementary DNA probe, which contains a very conserved sequence present in all members of the HLA gene family, are equally abundant in trophoblast and embryonic cells. (b) When trophoblast cells or embryonic cells are cocultured with peripheral blood lymphocytes from the corresponding female in the presence of recombinant interleukin 2, allogeneic cytotoxic T lymphocytes are generated only in cultures with embryonic cells, and trophoblast cells express the resistance to lysis by the allogeneic cytotoxic T lymphocytes. These results strongly suggest that the reduction in expression of transplantation antigens (HLA-A, -B, and -C) might address the question why maternal tissue does not reject trophoblast cells.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Effect of diethyl-beta-cyclodextrin on the release of nitroglycerin from formulations.

The complex-forming abilities of 2,6-di-O-ethyl-beta-cyclodextrin (DE-beta-CD), and its effect on the release of nitroglycerin (TNG) from formulations of the compound, were studied and compared with corresponding properties of beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and 2,6-di-O-methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (DM-beta-CD). Complex formation was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry and infrared absorption spectroscopy. In an accelerator test involving temperature and reduced pressure, marked depression of the volatility of TNG was observed as a result of CD complex formation. Dissolution rates of TNG from powdery TNG/DE-beta-CD complex and its tablets were retarded in comparison with the rates from other CD complexes. The release rate of TNG from ointments was accelerated by complexation with DE-beta-CD, and retarded by complexation with beta-CD. To evaluate their in vivo percutaneous absorption, samples were applied to the inside tip of the cheek pouch of male golden hamsters. The amount of TNG remaining in the cheek pouch was lowest in the case of the TNG/DE-beta-CD complex ointment, and relatively high in the case of the TNG/beta-CD complex ointment, in agreement with the in vitro results. We suggest that the combination of DE-beta-CD complex and beta-CD complex might be applicable to sustained-release preparations for percutaneous administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Fracture toughness of porcelain using indentation method].

Material resistance to brittle fracture was quantitatively evaluated in the commercial porcelains, CERA 8 (CE 8), VITA DUR (VITD), VITA VMK 68 (VIT), CERAMCO II (CE II), UNIBOND (UNB), NORITAKE SUPER PORCELAIN AAA (AAA), PENCRAFT (FEN), COSMOTECH (COM) and OPTEC HSP OPT) from values of fracture toughness (KIC) obtained in the crack on a mode I, determined upon insertion of Vickers indenter. The results are summarized as follows: 1) Mean maximum and minimum values of Vickers hardness degree of 9 kinds of commercial porcelains at 5kgf of load for 15s were 1348 (SD 98.1) for OPT abd 666 (SD 74.6) for CE 8, respectively. 2) The value of half of the diagonal of indentation (a) ranged from 42 (SD 1.5) to 58 (SD 3.3) microns, and that of half of the crack length (c) ranged from 101 (SD 4.0) to 175 (SD 17.2) microns. 3) The ratio of (c) to (a) (c/a ratio) was within the range of 2.3 to 3.3, and median cracks were present. 4) KIC in the commercial porcelains determined by the indentation method was within the range of 2.04 to 4.69MNm-3/2, showing a maximum for OPT and minimum for VITD. 5) KIC of OPT was significantly greater than that of any other material. 6) The porcelains were divided by fractography of the direction of crack course into 2 groups: a group of intra-granular fracture showing linear cracks (AAA, COM and OPT) and a group of Inter-granular fracture showing a range of non-linear cracks (CE 8, VITD, VIT, CE II, UNB ND PEN).

Dental Porcelain↗