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Biomedical subjects

H Tashiro

Publications and source records attributed to H Tashiro.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Mandibular ameloblastoma with intracranial extension and distant metastasis.

A case of mandibular ameloblastoma which invaded intracranially through the skull base and developed distant metastasis to the femur is reported. The intracranial extension of the tumor was partially removed three times and the metastasis of the femur was curetted. The remaining tumor temporarily responded to chemotherapy, but the patient died of intracranial tumor regrowth. The period from the initial treatment of the mandibular tumor to death was 21 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The role of drinking and cigarette smoking in the excess deaths from liver cancer.

A long-term cohort study of 639 males in a farming area and 677 males in a fishing area in Kyushu, Japan, has been conducted to evaluate risk factors for ischemic heart disease. The present investigation utilized this long-term cohort study to assess the role of drinking and cigarette smoking habits in the causation of liver cancer. The O/E ratio (ratio of the observed to expected number of deaths) of liver cancer was 7.5 (P less than 0.001) among shochu drinkers in the fishing area. Further, a clear dose-response relationship of O/E ratio was noted: 5.7 (P less than 0.001), 7.5 (P less than 0.001) and 20.0 (P less than 0.001) for drinkers of less than 1, 1-2, and 2 or more units of shochu (a distilled alcoholic beverage made in Japan; about 25% alcohol). Although no excess risk was found among shochu drinkers in the farming area, observed and expected numbers were too small to make valid judgements. Among sake drinkers, the observed and expected numbers were very similar in both areas. Cigarette smokers in the fishing area appeared to have a high risk for liver cancer, the O/E ratio being 4.8 (P less than 0.001). However, there was no clear dose-response relationship and O/E ratios among cigarette smokers according to their drinking habits indicated no excess risk among nondrinkers. A multiple logistic regression analysis showed an insignificant effect of cigarette smoking on the development of liver cancer after adjustment for shochu drinking. These findings suggest a significant involvement of shochu drinking in the etiology of liver cancer, at least in this fishing area.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical effects of Chinese herb medicine (hochu-ekki-to) on infertile men].

Hochu-Ekki-To, a Chinese herb medicine, was administrated orally to 45 patients with primary male infertility due to oligozoospermia (sperm density was below 40 million/ml) for over 12 weeks. After the treatment, significant increases in sperm concentrations, rate of motility and total counts of normal spermatozoa, which was calculated as seminal volume by sperm density and by rate of normal form of spermatozoa, were observed, especially, in the group of moderate oligozoospermia (sperm density was ranged from 20 to 40 million/ml). In the clinical effect, the rate of pregnancy was 20.0% (9/45) and the rate of clinical efficiency was 51.1% (23/45). No changes of laboratory examinations were observed. We conclude that this Chinese herb medicine is more effective for the treatment of oligozoospermia, especially moderate oligozoospermia, without any serious side effects.

Drug Evaluation↗
PubMed1986

Effect of glucocorticoid on glycosaminoglycans synthesis in cultured mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal cells.

The effect of glucocorticoids (GC) on the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in mesenchymal cells obtained from palatal shelves of mouse embryos was studied. Both hyaluronic acid (HA) synthesis and sulfated GAG synthesis were inhibited with triamcinolone acetonide (TA) in a concentration-dependent manner. However, the degree of inhibition of synthesis with TA was greater for HA than for the sulfated GAGs. To determine whether the inhibitory effects of TA on HA and sulfated GAGs synthesis were mediated through GC receptors, we performed experiments using progesterone, vitamin B6, and molybdate. The inhibitory effect of TA was antagonized by all three. The results obtained in the present study suggest that the inhibition of synthesis of HA and sulfated GAGs with GC is mediated through GC receptors and is involved in cleft palate induction by GC.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Simultaneous occurrence of a calcifying odontogenic cyst and its malignant transformation.

The authors report a 48-year-old woman with a lesion in the maxilla, where a typical calcifying odontogenic cyst and a malignant tumor occurred simultaneously. She was diagnosed as having a malignant calcifying odontogenic cyst (tumor). The patient died of intracranial extension 20 months after diagnosis. Metastases were not detected.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic↗
PubMed1985

Changes of steroid hormone receptor content by chemotherapy and/or endocrine therapy in advanced breast cancer.

In several sequences during the progression of cancer, the authors assayed estrogen receptors(ER) in 940 breast cancers and progesterone receptors(PgR) in 773 cancers. The percentages of ER+ and PgR+ cancers diminished according to the progression of malignancy. Sequential assays of ER and PgR were carried out in primary tumors and in the metastatic tumors at the first recurrence in 42 patients. During the disease-free interval, 10 (37%) of 27 ER+ tumors changed to ER- and all 15 ER- tumors remained negative. The hormone receptors were assayed before the treatments and after the tumor relapsed following regression or after the progression of cancer. The change of ER and PgR in 99 patients with advanced breast cancer were studied according to the type of systemic treatments. Through endocrine therapy, marked changes from ER+ to ER-, were noted (by antiestrogens, 47% [7/15]; by adreno-oophorectomy, 61% [11/18]). Almost no breast cancers changed from ER- to Er+ during the endocrine therapy (by antiestrogen, 1/6; by adreno-oophorectomy, 0/10). All of six PgR+ tumors changed to PgR- after therapy. By chemotherapy treatment, 44% (4/9) ER+ cancers became ER-, while 19% (3/16) ER- tumors changed to ER+. After the simultaneous combination of chemotherapy and endocrine therapy, 67% (10/15) of ER+ cancers changed to ER-, and 20% (2/10) of ER- tumors changed to ER+. Through the intervention of more than two kinds of chemotherapy and/or endocrine therapy between the first treatment and the last therapy, 79% (19/24) ER+ breast cancers changed to ER-. Thus, ER and PgR contents of breast cancer gradually became negative as the malignancy progressed, and with some kinds of treatments particularly including endocrine therapy. The significance of changes in hormone receptors after therapy was discussed.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1985

Age-dependent aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity.

Urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity was examined in 41 patients who received a 5-day course of aminoglycoside. Both pretreatment N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase values and the increase in N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase after treatment were high in elderly groups, suggesting the increased vulnerability of the kidney with aging.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1985

Metastasis to the lingual lymph node in carcinoma of the tongue.

Lingual lymph nodes are occasionally found along the course of some lymph-vessels of the tongue. However, their existence has received little attention and metastasis of carcinoma of the tongue to them has not previously been reported. Three cases of carcinoma of the tongue with metastasis to the lingual lymph node are described and a discussion of the importance of such metastasis in the treatment of carcinoma of the tongue is presented.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1985

Serum N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity in a large population--a useful index of cardiovascular impairment.

Serum N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) levels were measured in 1080 residents in Tanushimaru, Fukuoka, aged 20 to 84 years old, during a periodical epidemiological survey performed in 1982. Thirteen pregnant women were excluded from this study. Serum NAG levels showed an increase with age, but were not different between sexes. We found high serum NAG values in those with high blood pressure, high serum total cholesterol, low serum HDL-cholesterol, or reduced creatinine clearance rate, and women with high serum uric acid, increased skinfold thickness, or high hematocrit. Multiple regression equation was as follows: NAG = 3.53 + 0.07 (age) + 0.14 (hematocrit) + 0.03 (total skinfold thickness) + 0.04 (systolic blood pressure) - 0.03 (HDL-cholesterol) - 0.04 (mean blood pressure) - 0.01 (creatinine clearance). The multiple correlation coefficient was 0.37 (F = 24.4). We suggest that NAG may be a useful index in screening cardiovascular impairment and for cardiovascular risk factors.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1985

[Effects of antiestrogens and medroxyprogesterone acetate on the clonogenic growth of tamoxifen-sensitive and resistant human breast cancer cells].

Effects of tamoxifen (TAM), nafoxidine (NFA), 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OH-TAM), 3-hydroxytamoxifen (3-OH-TAM), and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) on the clonogenic growth of a hormone-responsive human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and its tamoxifen-resistant variant (R-27) were studied. TAM, (10(-6)M) showed an inhibitory effect on the colony formation in a plastic dish of MCF-7 cells only in medium containing DDC-treated FCS (E2(-) medium). With the presence of E2 (10(-8)M) in the medium (E2(+) medium), TAM did not show any effect on cell growth. Irrespective of the presence or absence of E2 in the medium, there was no inhibitory effect of TAM on the clonogenic growth of R-27 cells. The ID50 values, expressed as the suppression of plating efficiencies, obtained by adding NFA, 4-OH-TAM, 3-OH-TAM, and MPA to the MCF-7 cells were shown to be 2 X 10(-7)M, less than 10(-8)M, 1 X 10(-7)M, and 4 X 10(-7)M, respectively in the E2 (-) medium, and 2 X 10(-6)M, 2 X 10(-7)M, 2 X 10(-6)M, and 4 X 10(-8)M respectively in the E2 (+) medium. For the R-27 cells, ID50 values obtained by adding NAF, 4-OH-TAM, 3-OH-TAM, and MPA were 7 X 10(-7)M, 5 X 10(-8)M, 4 X 10(-7)M, and 6 X 10(-8)M, respectively in the E2(-) medium, and 2 X 10(-6)M, 2 X 10(-6)M, greater than 5 X 10(-6)M, and 1 X 10(-8)M, respectively in the E2(+) medium. These results suggest that the antiestrogens used produce their suppressive effects on cell growth depending on the E2 concentration in the medium in these estrogen-responsive cell lines, and that the monohydroxytamoxifens are more potent than TAM in suppressing cell growth. The effects of MPA are shown to be different from the antiestrogen used in that MPA inhibited the growth of both TAM-sensitive and-resistant cells, independent of the presence or absence of E2 in the medium. The R-27 cell line, a variant of the MCF-7 cell line, appears to be a good model for studying antiestrogen resistance and for evaluating the effectiveness of agents against endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

[Endocrine therapy of recurrent breast cancer].

The present status of endocrine therapy in the treatment of recurrent breast cancer was reviewed. Only one third of breast cancer responds to the endocrine therapy, and suitable patients should be selected the treatment. By means of estrogen receptor (ER), it is possible to select ER(-) patients who do not respond to therapy (response rate less than 10%) while 50-60% of ER(+) breast cancer patients respond to therapy. However, this is still unsatisfactory as 50-60% of recurrent breast cancer cases respond to combination chemotherapy. By adding to the ER status certain clinical parameters such as disease-free interval, metastatic site, and performance status, a better response would be obtained with endocrine therapy. The combination of chemotherapy with endocrine therapy would be expected to increase the probability of patient response. According to our prospective randomized trial, however, as well as other reported trials, the survival of patients treated with simultaneous chemo-endocrine therapy has not been prolonged as compared with those who had been treated sequentially with either therapy alone. This suggests that new therapeutic strategies will be necessary in the treatment of recurrent breast cancer.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1984

Relationship between estrogen receptors and risk factors of breast cancer in Japanese pre- and postmenopausal patients.

The relation between estrogen receptors (ER) in breast cancer and risk factors was studied in 456 Japanese patients. ER was shown to be positive in 55.3% (252/456) of patients. There was no difference in ER positivity between pre- and postmenopausal patients. In premenopausal patients, only the age at menarche and obesity showed some influence on the ER positivity of breast cancer. Among postmenopausal patients, on the contrary, ER(+) cancers were predominant in the patient groups that have been known to be higher in the risk of incidence of breast cancer. The factors included were the age at marriage, number of pregnancies, number of live children, and body weight. Of these, the body weight of patients was the strongest influence on the ER positivity in the postmenopausal patients. After excluding the effects of body weight, some of the reproductive factors such as number of pregnancies and number of live children were shown to be related to the ER status. These results may suggest the combination of lower incidence of breast cancer and lower percentage of ER(+) cancers in Japanese postmenopausal women as compared with the Western countries.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Spontaneous resolution of chronic epidural hematomas: report of three cases.

We report three cases of the spontaneous resolution of a traumatic chronic epidural hematoma. The patients were young adults with only mild headache after trauma. All patients were treated conservatively because of the very mild symptoms and the time lapse of 1 to 2 weeks between trauma and our unexpected detection of the frontal epidural hematomas. Slow, spontaneous resolution of the hematoma occurred in all three cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[A case of carcinoma of the breast with squamous and cartilaginous metaplasia].

A 40 year-old female underwent mastectomy for a rapidly growing left breast mass. Histologically, the tumor was composed of invasive ductal carcinoma with squamous metaplasia, a cartilaginous component and a pleomorphic sarcoma-like component. In each histologic feature, gradual transition was recognized. A diagnosis of carcinoma with metaplasia (squamous and cartilaginous type) of the breast was made. The cartilaginous component in this case is probably the result of direct cartilaginous metaplasia of carcinoma cells and cartilaginous metaplasia followed upon carcinoma cells into small undifferentiated tumor cells and pleomorphic sarcomatous cells.

Adult↗