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Biomedical subjects

H Tashiro

Publications and source records attributed to H Tashiro.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Beneficial effects of atrial natriuretic peptide on exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in patients with stable effort angina pectoris.

BACKGROUND: It has been shown that atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), an endogenous vasodilator, dilates coronary arteries and decreases coronary vascular resistance. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an intravenous administration of ANP attenuated exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in 14 patients with stable effort angina pectoris. METHODS AND RESULTS: The first 12 patients (patients 1-12) who had exercise-induced ST segment depression underwent treadmill exercise testing and the last seven patients (patients 8-14) underwent the exercise 201Tl-single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) study while synthetic 28-amino acid alpha-human ANP (0.1 micrograms/kg per minute) or saline was intravenously infused in a double-blind, cross-over manner. The duration of exercise testing was the same during ANP and saline infusion, which was determined in preliminary exercise testings in each patient to cause a transient perfusion defect and/or ischemic ST segment depression. During saline infusion, all 12 patients developed exercise-induced ischemic ST segment depression, whereas no significant ST segment depression appeared during ANP infusion. Average ST segment depression during ANP infusion was significantly less (p < 0.01) than that during saline infusion (0.0 +/- 0.0 versus 0.2 +/- 0.1 mV, mean +/- SD). The averaged extent and severity scores assessed by 201Tl-SPECT were smaller (p < 0.05) during ANP infusion than during saline infusion (extent score: 0.22 +/- 0.20 versus 0.42 +/- 0.20; severity score: 18.77 +/- 23.45 versus 38.24 +/- 24.04, respectively). ANP decreased resting systolic blood pressure from 125 +/- 15 to 110 +/- 15 mm Hg (p < 0.01) but did not alter resting heart rate. At peak exercise, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and the rate-pressure products did not differ during ANP and saline infusion. At peak exercise, plasma ANP increased from 98 +/- 45 to 4,383 +/- 2,782 pg/ml and cGMP increased from 3.6 +/- 1.7 to 34.5 +/- 16.1 pmol/ml during ANP infusion; values were significantly higher than those during saline infusion (from 96 +/- 42 to 133 +/- 66 pg/ml and from 3.4 +/- 1.8 to 4.6 +/- 1.8 pmol/ml, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: An intravenous administration of ANP attenuated exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in patients with stable effort angina pectoris. Although the mechanism by which ANP attenuated myocardial ischemia was not defined, increased myocardial perfusion to the ischemic region might be an important factor.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Clinical characteristics of patients with spontaneous remission of variant angina.

To determine the factors influencing the spontaneous remission of variant angina, clinical characteristics were examined in 75 Japanese patients with variant angina. Spontaneous remission was defined as an absence of angina at rest for at least 3 months after withdrawal of treatment with calcium antagonists. This remission occurred in 12 patients (16%) (remission group), while angina persisted despite treatment with calcium antagonists and nitrates in 33 patients (44%) (persistent angina group). The remaining 30 patients (40%) were angina-free under treatment with calcium antagonists and/or nitrates (angina-free on treatment group). The prevalence of significant coronary artery stenosis (> 75%) was significantly higher in the remission group than in the persistent angina group (44% vs 7%, p < 0.05). The prevalence of cessation of smoking was significantly higher in the remission group than in the persistent angina group (92% vs 39%, p < 0.01). Age, gender, other coronary risk factors, disease activity of variant angina and site of myocardial ischemia during anginal attacks were not statistically different among the 3 groups. There data indicate that remission of variant angina occurs more frequently in patients with than in those without significant coronary artery stenosis and that cessation of smoking is an important factor for remission of variant angina.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Changes in adenylyl cyclase activity in human endometrium during the menstrual cycle and in human decidua during pregnancy.

Adenylyl cyclase activity was studied in human endometrium during the menstrual cycle and in human decidua during pregnancy. Higher adenylyl cyclase activity was found in the endometrium than in the myometrium, corpus luteum or Fallopian tubes. In the endometrium, the basal and stimulated activities were highest in the fundus and decreased slightly from the fundus to the isthmus. Prostaglandin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity increased gradually from the proliferative phase to the secretory phase, and then quickly reached its highest value in the late secretory phase. Catecholamine-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity reached a peak in the late proliferative phase and decreased significantly thereafter. Forskolin-stimulated activity was significantly higher throughout the secretory phase than in the proliferative phase. In the decidua, prostaglandin-, catecholamine- and forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activities in late pregnancy were significantly lower than those in early pregnancy. Our results demonstrate dramatic alterations in adenylyl cyclase activity in human endometrium during the menstrual cycle and in human decidua during pregnancy.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1993

Relationship between cleft severity and dentocraniofacial morphology in Japanese subjects with isolated cleft palate and complete unilateral cleft lip and palate.

Relationships between the width of the palatal cleft measured at palatoplasty and the craniofacial morphology or the occlusal conditions present at approximately 4 years of age were studied in 25 cleft palate (CP) and 39 complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) subjects treated at the Dental Clinic of Kyushu University. Posteroanterior cephalograms and dental casts showed that the width of the palatal cleft was significantly correlated with wider upper facial width and posterior dental arch width in UCLP, but not in CP subjects. Cleft width was not significantly correlated with the buccolingual occlusal relationship in either subject type. The anterior occlusal relationship in UCLP was not as good as in CP subjects. On lateral cephalograms, the width of the palatal cleft was significantly correlated with vertical hypoplasia of the upper face in UCLP, but not in CP subjects. The cleft palate width appears to be related to the lateral displacement and the retardation of the downward and forward growth of the nasomaxillary complex in UCLP subjects.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1993

DNA conformation polymorphism analysis of DR52 associated HLA-DR antigens by polymerase chain reaction: a simple, economical and rapid examination for HLA matching in transplantation.

HLA-DRB1 and -DRB3 alleles of DR52-associated (DR52ass) HLA-DR antigens were genotyped by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - based simple and practical method. Genomic DNAs from two hundred Japanese panels were subjected to PCR with two pairs of primers to separately amplify the DR52ass-DRB1 (DR3, 5, 6, and 8) alleles and DRB3 (DR52) alleles. The specific amplification revealed that 128 and 76 panels possessed DR52ass alleles and DRB3 alleles, respectively. PCR products from these panels were heat-denatured, electrophoresed in a non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel, and visualized by silver staining. Electrophoretic mobilities of the DNA samples were compared with those of the typing standards with known genotypes of DR52ass-DRB1 and DRB3 alleles. This method, designated PCR-DNA conformation polymorphism (DCP) analysis, allowed genotyping of the DR52ass-DRB1 and DRB3 alleles of panels without any sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe (SSOP) or restriction endonuclease, and the entire process after PCR could be completed within a few hours. Because the DR52ass-DRB1 and DRB3 alleles assigned by this method were shown to be identical to those determined by the PCR-SSOP method, PCR-DCP analysis was suggested to be a simple and practical HLA genotyping method.

Alleles↗
PubMed1993

[Report of two cases presenting with myelodysplastic syndrome during treatment of recurrent breast cancer].

Two women with recurrent breast cancer presenting with myelodysplastic syndrome (refractory anemia) during chemotherapy were reported. At diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome, white blood cell count, hemoglobin and platelet count were 3,300/mm3, 4600/mm3, 5.5 g/dl, 6.3 g/dl, 1.1 x 10(4)/mm3 and 6.8 x 10(4)/mm3, respectively, in case 1 and 2. Bone marrow taps showed hypercellular marrows with dysplastic changes of erythrocytes, granulocytes and megakaryocytes in both cases. Before the occurrence of the myelodysplastic syndrome, both patients received various cytotoxic agents (mitomycin C: 77 mg, 108 mg; cyclophosphamide: 34,400 mg, 40,000 mg; doxorubicin: 340 mg, 460 mg; methotrexate: 410 mg, 700 mg; and vincristine: 9.5 mg, 14 mg, in case 1 and 2, respectively). One patient died 2 months after the onset of the myelodysplastic syndrome, and the other died 3 months after due to progression of metastatic breast cancer. Risk-benefits analysis of chemotherapy, especially adjuvant chemotherapy, should be performed in cases of breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[A case of food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis associated with repeated episodes of syncope].

This report describes a patient with food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FEA). A 25-year-old female has had three episodes of syncopal attack associated with urticaria in the past two years: the attacks have been developed by exercise after taking meals made of wheat flour. She has an allergic predisposition to metals. No abnormal findings were observed in the routine work up for syncope including, ECG, 24-hour Holter ECG, UCG, tilt table test, and EEG examinations. A provocative test for FEA was performed. It included food (sandwich) intake followed by exercise. The serum histamine concentration was elevated to a three times higher than the control value after the provocation. Accordingly, she was diagnosed as FEA and advised not to take wheat flour prior to physical exercise. No syncopal episode has been observed during the 16 months since the diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Increased proliferative response of lymphocytes from intestinal lymph during long chain fatty acid absorption.

The effect of long chain and medium chain fatty acid absorption on transport and mitogen-induced blast transformation of lymphocytes in intestinal lymphatics was investigated. Intestinal lymph was collected from mesenteric lymph duct cannulated rats maintained in Bollman's cage. Following the intraduodenal administration of oleic acid (long chain fatty acid) or octanoic acid (medium chain fatty acid), only oleic acid produced a significant increase in lymphocyte flux and enhanced proliferative response of lymphocyte in intestinal lymph, without significant alteration of lymphocyte subsets. These changes appeared to be closely correlated with the appearance of radiolabelled oleic acid. Absorption of a medium chain fatty acid, octanoic acid, most of which appeared to be transported to portal blood, did not produce a significant elevation of lymphocyte flux or increased proliferative response of lymphocyte in intestinal lymph. Pluronic L-81, which is a potent inhibitor of the intracellular formation and secretion of chylomicron, significantly attenuated the increased lymphocyte flux and suppressed the enhancement of lymphocyte responsiveness to PHA in intestinal lymph after stimulation by oleic acid administration. There is a possibility that lymphocyte transport and proliferative response in intestinal lymph during oleic acid absorption are closely related to the process of chylomicron formation and secretion to lymphatics in the intestinal mucosa.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

c-myc over-expression in human primary ovarian tumours: its relevance to tumour progression.

Expression of the c-myc gene was analyzed in 56 human primary ovarian cancer tissues, including 51 common epithelial and 5 non-epithelial tumours to determine molecular events in the carcinogenic process in ovaries. Over-expression of the c-myc gene was found in 37.3% of all ovarian tumour tissues, and in 63.5% of serous adenocarcinoma tissues. Significant over-expression of the c-myc gene at Stage III compared with other stages, and one remarkable case of over-expression in a serous tumour of low malignant potential suggest that c-myc expression is temporarily activated at some stage(s) during tumorigenesis of ovarian cancer, especially of serous tumours.

Female↗
PubMed1992

Antihepatitis C virus status in hepatocellular carcinoma and the influence on clinicopathological findings and operative results.

Antihepatitis C virus (HCV) status was investigated in 100 patients undergoing hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) between 1980 and 1989. The clinicopathological findings and operative results, in patients with or without HCV marker, were compared retrospectively. The positivity rate of anti-HCV was 51 per cent. In this group there was a higher mean age, fewer symptoms, raised alanine aminotransferase level, higher 15-min indocyanine green clearance rate and earlier tumour stage compared with the anti-HCV negative group. Positive tumour margins and vascular invasion were seen less frequently in the anti-HCV positive group. HCC with HCV marker showed characteristic features of chronic non-A non-B hepatitis and of HCC originating from liver cirrhosis. There was a better cumulative 1-year survival rate for anti-HCV positive patients, but 3- and 5-year survival rates after hepatectomy were similar in both groups. Although HCV-related HCC had typical features of chronic non-A non-B hepatitis and a relatively early stage of tumour, biological features and operative results were similar with or without the HCV marker.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

A case-control study of breast cancer among Japanese women: with special reference to family history and reproductive and dietary factors.

To study the effects of family history and reproductive, anthropometric, and dietary factors on the risk of breast cancer among low risk populations, we conducted a hospital-based case-control study involving 908 patients with breast cancer and their matched controls, in Japan. A positive family history of breast cancer significantly increased the risk of breast cancer (odds ratio = 1.52, 95% confidence interval: 1.14-2.03). The risk further increased with increasing number of family members affected. Obesity, single marital status, fewer births, a late childbirth, and less consumption of green-yellow vegetables and dairy products were also associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. These associations were independent in multivariate analyses. There was no increase in risk associated with consumption of high fat foods. When analyzed by menopausal status, the association with family history of breast cancer, especially in the first degree of relatives, was more evident for premenopausal breast cancer. The associations with obesity and lower consumption of dairy products were more pronounced for postmenopausal breast cancer, while those with lower parity and single marital status were stronger for premenopausal breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Patterning in hydra cell aggregates without the sorting of cells from different axial origins.

Aggregates of Hydra cells were studied to find out how the primary centers that form new heads are generated in a system of cells in which the original pattern has been destroyed. Since cells that originate near the heads (apical cells) temporarily maintain a high level of head activation potential during aggregate formation and may contribute to pattern formation, their distribution in the aggregates was investigated. The mutual distances between labeled epithelial cells were followed by vitally staining apical cells with DAPI. The distribution was random during early regeneration stages (3, 6, 24 hr). These results show that epithelial cells originating from apical regions do not sort. That is, dynamic cell movement to generate rudiments of new heads is not necessary for head formation in aggregates. A possible explanation of the mechanism is discussed.

Animals↗