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Biomedical subjects

H Tashiro

Publications and source records attributed to H Tashiro.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity consisting of band-like nests.

Four squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity shared common histological and clinical characteristics. The primary lesion was situated at the floor of the mouth or the tongue. The cancer cell nests were band-like. The border between nests and stroma was smooth and distinct, with the continuity of the basement membrane being well maintained. The response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy was relatively poor. Although the lesion was locally advanced, no cervical metastasis was detected. No recurrence has occurred after the operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

A double blind comparative study of tegafur (FT) and UFT (a combination of Tegafur and uracil) in advanced breast cancer.

A double blind study to compare the efficacy of oral UFT (400 mg Tegafur (FT) plus 896 mg uracil/day) with that of oral FT (800 mg/day) on advanced breast cancer was performed between November, 1986, and November, 1989. Sixty patients were registered for the trial and fifty-six cases were evaluated (28 for UFT and 28 for FT). The primary end points in the study were response rate and time to relapse. There were no significant differences in patients' characteristics in either group. The objective response rates were 39% (11/28; 95% confidence interval (C.I.), 22-59%) in UFT and 21% (6/28; 95% C.I., 8-41%) in FT, without statistical significance (P = 0.25). For time to relapse, a trend was seen in favor of UFT, but this effect did not achieve statistical significance (P = 0.09). Both subjective and objective adverse effects were similar between the two treatments. The overall survivals were similar in both parts of the study. The size of the trial was too small for a definite conclusion to be drawn although, for both response rate and time to relapse, a trend was seen in favor of UFT. A large scale randomized study will be necessary to compare the drugs in the management of patients with advanced breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Phase I study of CGS16949A--a new aromatase inhibitor. Cooperative Study Group for CGS16949A].

Phase I study of CGS16949A--a new aromatase inhibitor--was performed in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer who received either single oral administration of 4 and 8 mg, or multiple oral daily administration of 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 mg for 5.5 days. No side effects were observed after single dose administration of 4 mg and 8 mg of CGS16949A. In the multiple administration, one patient received 1 mg/day for 3 days complained of abdominal pain (Grade 2), but administration of CGS16949 A was continued despite of the pain. In order to assess the causal relationship of the drug with the abdominal pain, the number of patients in 1 mg/day group was doubled from 3 to 6 patients, but no side effects were observed in the remaining five patients. In addition, no side effects, including abdominal pain, were noted in the other 2, 4, 8 and 16 mg/day groups. After multiple administration, plasma concentrations of estradiol at 5 hrs after the final dosage in the respective dose groups were reduced to 47.1 +/- 8.3%, 37.3 +/- 3.0%, 28.0 +/- 7.8%, 26.0 +/- 11.3% and 26.6 +/- 13.8% respectively. Similar tendencies were observed in estrone plasma levels and urinary estrogens levels. In this study, the reduction of plasma estrogen levels was confirmed following administration of CGS 16949A. The clinical usefulness of this new aromatase inhibitor remains to be studied further.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

Interaction of GTP-binding protein Gq with photoactivated rhodopsin in the photoreceptor membranes of crayfish.

Interaction of G-protein with photoactivated rhodopsin (Rh*) in crayfish photoreceptor membranes was investigated by immunoprecipitation using an antibody against rhodopsin. Two kinds of protein were co-precipitated with rhodopsin. One is an alpha subunit of class-q G-protein (42 kDa, CGq alpha) which showed light-induced, dose-dependent binding to rhodopsin, and the other is an actin-like protein (44 kDa) with light-independent binding. Most of the CGq alpha was available for binding to Rh* but was dissociated from Rh* in the presence of GTP gamma S. These findings demonstrate that, in the crayfish photoreceptor, a Gq class of G-protein is activated by Rh*.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Immunohistochemical localization of cathepsins B and D in the synovial lining cells of the normal rat temporomandibular joint.

In 1 micron-thick serial cryosections, cathepsins B and D were found to coexist in both type A (macrophage-like) and type B (fibroblast-like) cells: the whole cytoplasm of the type A cells showed strong immunoreactivity, while the type B cells contained a few granular reaction products. It is therefore suggested that type A cells have a marked ability for intracellular digestion of organic materials.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Light-induced binding of proteins to rhabdomeric membranes in the retina of crayfish (Procambarus clarkii).

Light-induced protein interaction as part of the process of visual transduction in arthropods with rhabdomeric photoreceptors was investigated biochemically by using crayfish retina. Two kinds of retinal buffer soluble proteins (one of 40 kDa and the other of 46 kDa) were found to bind to the irradiated rhabdomeric membranes both in vitro and in vivo. The proteins bound to the membranes in the presence of metarhodopsin. An antibody against mouse arrestin (S-antigen) cross-reacted with the 40 kDa protein. These results suggest that the binding of the proteins to the membranes is caused by the formation of metarhodopsin, and that the 40 kDa protein has a similar structure to arrestin.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Mandibular reconstruction using hydroxylapatite granules, autogenous bone, and a cervical island skin flap.

Ten patients with gingival carcinoma who were treated by marginal mandibulectomy were reconstructed using hydroxylapatite granules, autogenous bone chips, and a cervical island skin flap. The cervical flap was used to produce a cover and partition, designed to prevent the displacement of the mixture of hydroxylapatite and bone. Reconstruction was successfully achieved in all patients. Loss of height of the reconstructed mandible over an average 18-month follow-up ranged from 8% to 22%. One patient has worn a full denture and five patients wear partial dentures.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

The significance of posterior open bite after anterior repositioning splint therapy for anteriorly displaced disk of the temporomandibular joint.

Spontaneous posterior open bite was observed in 15 patients after the application of anterior repositioning splints in the treatment of anteriorly displaced disk. Recapture of the disk after treatment was clinically diagnosed in five patients. Arthrography performed on 10 patients with open bite revealed a completely recaptured disk in four patients, an anteriorly displaced disk without reduction in four patients, and an anteriorly displaced disk with reduction in two patients. This suggests that recapture of the disk in the correct position at mouth closing should be a major cause of the posterior open bite in patients who have a relatively short duration of locking and successful mandibular manipulation. Although the cause of posterior open bite with the persistently displaced disk is still unclear, an increase in the posterosuperior joint space by the posterior open bite appears to eventually produce favorable effects to joints with anteriorly displaced disks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Effect of mass screening for breast cancer from the aspect of psychosocial assessment of the quality of life.

To assess the quality of life (QOL) in patients with breast cancer receiving mass screening, a collaborative matched case-control study was conducted in nine hospitals throughout Japan. A total of 122 patients detected by mass screening (study group) and 226 patients found in out-patient clinics (control group) were assessed psychosocially on the basis of questionnaire information. The incidence of patients with early stage breast cancer was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Chest wall pain was observed in 35.2% of the study group and in 46.5% of the control group (P < 0.05). Although control patients were more optimistic than study group patients, disturbed daily life and anxiety about recurrence were a little more frequent in the former group than in the latter. In particular, shoulder stiffness was frequently seen in the control group (P < 0.05). Early detection and information do not create anxiety in mass screening patients (P < 0.01). We should recommend mass screening to patients to detect early stage breast cancer and provide better QOL.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1993

Benign breast disease as a breast cancer risk in Japanese women.

A hospital-based retrospective cohort study of benign breast disease (BBD) as a risk factor of future breast cancer (BC) development was conducted. Four hundred and twenty-eight patients with biopsied BBD were followed-up for a median period of 8 years, together with age-matched women with normal breasts (normal control) and BC patients (cancer control), at the ratio of 1:2:2. Twenty-one breast cancers developed, 7 in the cases, 4 in the normal controls, and 10 in the BC controls, showing the relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) to be 3.5 (1.03-11.9) in the cases with respect to the normal controls. The RR of the cases is not lower than that of contralateral breast cancer incidence. There were no significant differences in the risks of cancers in other organs among the groups. Pathological examination revealed that only atypical hyperplasia increased the RR of BC, as compared with the normal control breast group, or with non-proliferative disease. These results suggest that in a low-risk country, Japan, BBD is a definite risk factor for BC development as in high-risk countries.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Production of a human monoclonal antibody to normal basal and squamous cell carcinoma-associated antigen.

A human monoclonal antibody, BM2, was produced by a hybridoma line generated by fusion of lymph node cells from a patient with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue with human B-lymphoblastoid cell line HO-323. BM2, an IgM class antibody, was reactive with all of the SCC cell lines tested. Frozen sections of normal and malignant tumor specimens were investigated to examine the reactivity of BM2 towards them. All 35 oral SCC specimens reacted with BM2. Normal stratified squamous epithelium showed positive staining in basal cells, but no staining was seen in other layers of the stratified epithelium, simple epithelium, and tissues of nonepithelial origin. Ductal basal cells of normal salivary gland also showed positive staining. Western blotting and immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that BM2 recognized 52 kDa membrane-associated protein. BM2 may therefore be a useful tool for biological and clinical studies of SCC.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Monoclonal antibody G6K12 specific for membrane-associated differentiation marker of human stratified squamous epithelia and squamous cell carcinoma.

Monoclonal antibody (G6K12) specific for differentiated keratinocytes was developed using in vitro immunization against the SCC-25 cell line. G6K12 only recognized stratified portions of cultured SCC-25 cells. Immunohistochemical examination using normal human oral mucosa showed that specific G6K12-reactivity was limited to the lower spinous-cell layers, while this antibody weakly bound to cells in basal-cell layers as well as in the upper spinous, granular and cornified-cell layers. G6K12 was also reactive to keratinocytes in most moderately- and well-differentiated SCC tissues. Immunoelectron microscopic examination further demonstrated that the G6K12-immunoreactive area was at the outer surface of the entire plasma membrane, including the microvilli of stratified SCC-25. G6K12-binding was reduced 50% by the treatment of native cells with glycoendoceramidase for 2 h. These results suggest that G6K12 recognizes a plasma membrane-anchored glycoconjugate which is specific for differentiated keratinocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Attenuation of endotoxin-induced intestinal microcirculatory damage by eicosapentanoic acid.

The major objective of this study is to investigate whether oral administration of eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) has any preventive effect on endotoxin-induced microcirculatory damage of rat small intestine. EPA in a daily dose of 300 mg/kg was orally given to male Wistar rats for 3 wk. Submucosal microvessels of the ileum were observed by intravital microscopy equipped with a high-speed video camera system after the intra-arterial infusion of endotoxin at a dose of 2 mg.kg-1.h-1. The number of sticking leukocytes was significantly increased at 30 min after the treatment of endotoxin especially along the smaller branch of intestinal venules. It reached the maximal plateau at 45 min after treatment. The pretreatment of EPA significantly attenuated the increase in sticking leukocytes induced by endotoxin. A platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist 2-[N-acetyl-N-(2-methoxy-3-octadecylcarbamoyloxy propoxycarbonyl) aminomethyl]-1-ethylpyridinium chloride (CV-6209) significantly prevented the increased leukocyte sticking to the same extent as EPA treatment. Thirty minutes after endotoxin infusion, red blood cell (RBC) velocity was significantly decreased in both arterioles and venules. RBC velocity appeared to be continuously decreased thereafter and reached its minimum value at approximately 60 min. EPA treatment was revealed to prevent the decrease in RBC velocity of microvessels induced by endotoxin. CV-6209 also significantly attenuated the decreased RBC velocity. The remarkable elevation of PAF content in the ileal mucosa as observed by endotoxin infusion was also significantly attenuated by administration of EPA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗