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Biomedical subjects

H Takai

Publications and source records attributed to H Takai.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

The effects of physical exercise on plasma lipoprotein and apolipoprotein metabolism in elderly men.

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of physical exercise on plasma lipoprotein and apolipoprotein metabolism in elderly men. We measured plasma concentrations of lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins (apo) in 12 elderly runners (OR), 12 elderly sedentary controls, 16 young runners (YR), and 15 young sedentary controls. Although there were no significant differences in plasma levels of cholesterol (Ch), triglyceride, and phospholipid between two old groups and between two young groups, OR and YR had decreased levels of VLDL-Ch (42% and 59% of respective control) and LDL-Ch (90%, 94%), and increased levels of HDL-Ch (133%, 112%), apo A-I (109%, 101%), and apo A-II (109%, 105%). These data indicate that physical exercise may have favorable effects on plasma concentrations of lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in OR as well as in YR, and affect HDL-lipids, HDL-proteins, and ratio of HDL-proteins/HDL-lipids.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Plasma lipid and lipoprotein profile in elderly male long-distance runners.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles in 30 elderly male long-distance runners (aged 66 +/- 5 years, body fat 12 +/- 2%, mean +/- SD) by comparing them with 30 middle-aged untrained men (43 +/- 8 years, 17 +/- 3%), 30 middle-aged endurance-trained men (45 +/- 8 years, 12 +/- 2%) who were matched for training distance to the elderly runners, and 15 elderly sedentary persons (65 +/- 4 years, 16 +/- 4%). Both elderly and middle-aged runners averaged 43 km/week in the latest year. Maximal oxygen uptake in the elderly runners (48 +/- 5 ml/kg/min) was 60% higher than in age-matched untrained men, but 15% lower than in middle-aged runners. Plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) was significantly higher in the elderly runners than in their age-matched counterparts (77 vs. 59 mg/dl), but not different from the middle-aged runners. The middle-aged runners had lower plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) concentrations than their untrained counterparts (114 vs. 129 mg/dl), whereas LDLC level in the elderly runners was almost identical to that of the age-matched untrained men (127 vs. 119 mg/dl). Total cholesterol concentration in the elderly runners (219 mg/dl) was 11% higher than in the age-matched untrained men, whereas there was no difference between the middle-aged trained and untrained men. The remarkable reduction of the LDLC/HDLC ratio in the elderly runners, therefore, is attributable to the elevated HDLC rather than lowered LDLC compared with the age-matched sedentary men (1.7 vs. 2.2).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Decreased ketonaemia in the monosodium glutamate-induced obese rats.

Plasma concentrations of total ketone bodies, acetoacetate (AcAc) and 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHBA) in monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced obese rats were measured. MSG-treated rats showed higher Lee's indices, shorter naso-anal and tail length, and a more marked intraperitoneal fat deposition than control rats. Plasma concentrations of glucose, free fatty acid, triglyceride and phospholipids were significantly increased in the MSG-treated rats as compared to the control rats (24 weeks-old). Plasma levels of total ketone bodies, AcAc and 3-OHBA were all decreased in the MSG-treated rats as compared to control rats. The ratio, 3-OHBA/AcAc in the MSG-treated rats were not different from those in the control rats.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed1986

[An experimental study of microarterial grafts to arteries--compared with microvenous grafts].

In spite of all the successful advances in microvascular surgery, the use of arterial graft is still a subject of controversy. To elucidate the advantages and indications of arterial grafts in microsurgery, venous and arterial grafts were transplanted to the femoral artery of the rat, and the former was investigated histopathologically one, two, three, four, six and eight weeks, and the latter one, two, three and four weeks after transplantation. As the results, intimal thickening was noted in neither of the two grafts. In the venous grafts, endotherial cells were almost separated two weeks after transplantation, and the media showed fibrous replacement. In contrast, the intima remained unchanged and the media maintained its layers of smooth muscle cells in the arterial grafts. The arterial grafts showed little post-transplantation change and maintained their pre-transplantation structure, retaining contracting and dilating function. Based on these results, arterial grafts might be applied clinically in microsurgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Experimental tongue carcinoma of rats induced by oral administration of 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) in drinking water.

Oral administration of 0.001% 4NQO in drinking water resulted in a high incidence of tongue carcinoma in rats. In other major organs, tumor induction was rarely observed. The most frequent site of tongue carcinoma was the dorsum. No metastases were found. Changes observed included carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma. Carcinoma in situ showed erosion, leukoplakia, and a gross papillary appearance. Histologically, most carcinomas in situ showed full-thickness alteration of epithelium. Some carcinomas in situ in papillary lesions showed slightly less than full-thickness alteration of epithelium, exhibiting downward, well-differentiated growth. Invasive carcinomas were either endophytic or exophytic. Histologic grading of invasive carcinoma varied from highly to poorly differentiated. The method described offers a new experimental animal model of tongue carcinoma.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical studies on TMS-19-Q.O tablets, the preparation of a new macrolide antibiotic, in the field of oral surgery].

Multicenter clinical trial or TMS-19-Q.O tablet was performed to evaluate the usefulness in oral surgery. The results obtained were as follows: Clinical efficacy was assessed by clinical points. The patients entered into the trial were 77 cases with periodontitis, 23 with pericoronitis, 92 with osteitis of jaw and 18 with other infections, and the each effective rates were 80.5, 60.9, 83.7 and 72.2%, respectively. Overall effective rate was 79.0%. Isolation frequency of organisms were 33.8% in periodontitis, 34.8% in osteitis of jaw and 17.4% in pericoronitis. Bacteria isolated were aerobic organisms (63.1%) and anaerobic organisms (36.9%). TMS-19-Q.O tablet was well tolerated, and no adverse reaction was observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical evaluation of the TMS-19-Q.GC tablet in odontogenic infections. A comparative double-blind study with josamycin].

Clinical efficacy and safety of TMS-19-Q.GC tablet (TMS), a new macrolide antibiotic preparation, were compared with those of josamycin (JM) in the treatment of acute odontogenic infection under multicentered double-blind controlled study at the daily dosage of 600 mg of TMS or 1,200 mg of JM. The results obtained were as follows: The patients entered into the study were 265 cases and 112 in TMS group and 111 in JM group were adopted to evaluate for the efficacy. The evaluation was made by 2 ways i.e. changes in total clinical scores of the symptom and the doctors assessment. Efficacy rating of TMS and JM were 81.3 and 82.0% judged by the score and 73.2 and 77.5% judged by doctors in charge respectively. In the cases with 15 to 20 of total scores at the initial visit, considered to be suitable for the evaluation of antibiotics, the efficacy rating of both drugs were 86.7% in TMS and 84.6% in JM. Organisms were isolated from 34 cases in TMS and 40 in JM and the clinical effectiveness in those cases were almost the same. Slight adverse reactions were observed in 6 cases (4.6%) of TMS group and 1 (0.8%) of JM. In 3 cases (4 incidences) of TMS group and 1 of JM slightly abnormal laboratory findings were found. On the statistical analysis of the data regarding efficacy, safety and usefulness, both drugs had no significant difference. From these results, TMS was considered as effective as JM in the treatment of acute odontogenic infection at a daily half doses of JM.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[A comparative double blind study of lenampicillin and talampicillin in the treatment of oral infections].

A comparative double blind study of lenampicillin (LAPC, KBT-1585) and talampicillin (TAPC) was carried out in order to objectively evaluate efficacy, safety and utility of LAPC in treatment of 238 patients with oral infections. Cases accepted by the Central Committee for evaluation of efficacy and utility were 218, consisting of 101 of the LAPC group and 117 of the TAPC group; safety were 234, consisting of 110 of LAPC and 124 of TAPC. Clinical effectiveness as rated by attending doctor was 84.2% for the LAPC group and 82.9% for the TAPC group. The clinical utility rating was 82.2% in the LAPC group and 82.1% in the TAPC group, showing no significant difference between the 2 drugs. Adverse reactions were found in 6 cases (5.5%) in the LAPC group and 5 cases (4.0%) in the TAPC group, showing no significant difference between the 2 drugs. Cases accepted by the controllers for evaluation of efficacy and utility were 236, consisting of 111 cases of LAPC and 125 cases of TAPC. Those for safety were 236, consisting of 111 cases of LAPC and 125 of TAPC. The clinical effectiveness rating was 77.5% in the LAPC group and 79.2% in the TAPC group. Clinical utility rating was 75.7% in the LAPC group and 78.4% in the TAPC group. Rate of adverse reactions was 5.4% in the LAPC group and 4.0% in the TAPC group, showing no significant difference between the 2 drugs. Cases evaluated for efficacy according to numerical rating on the 3rd day were 200 cases, consisting of 93 of LAPC and 107 of TAPC. The effectiveness rate was 83.9% in the LAPC group and 95.3 in the TAPC group, showing a significant difference between the 2 drugs. On the other hand, taking into consideration evaluation scores of the 5th day, the effectiveness rate was 88.7% in the LAPC group and 96.1% in the TAPC group, showing no significant difference between the 2 drugs. The effectiveness rate in cases of isolated organisms was 84.9% in the LAPC group and 79.7% in the TAPC group, showing no significant difference between the 2 drugs. Adverse reactions were mostly of gastrointestinal origin. Symptoms were not serious and disappeared soon after administration was discontinued or immediately after administration was completed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗