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Biomedical subjects

H Takada

Publications and source records attributed to H Takada.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Bacteroides lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induce anaphylactoid and lethal reactions in LPS-responsive and -nonresponsive mice primed with muramyl dipeptide.

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (100 micrograms/mouse) from Bacteroides gingivalis elicited anaphylactoid reactions in N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (MDP) (100 micrograms)-primed C3H/HeN mice 0-48 h after MDP injection. The reaction resulted in death within 1 h when the LPS was injected 2-10 h after the MDP injection. LPS prepared from other Bacteroides and Salmonella species but not from others, including Escherichia coli, could induce the reaction. LPS-nonresponsive C3H/HeJ and C57BL/6 and C57BL/10 strains were also responsive to the reaction, while AKR, BALB/c, DBA/2, and ICR mice were not. By contrast, Bacteroides LPS exhibited weak lethal toxicity compared with E. coli LPS in galactosamine-sensitized C3H/HeN mice, while neither LPS had activity in C3H/HeJ mice. LPS from E. coli and Bacteroides intermedius induced serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF) activity in MDP-primed mice, except for C3H/HeJ mice; B. gingivalis LPS rarely induced TNF in C3H/HeN or C3H/HeJ mice, indicating no involvement of TNF in the anaphylactoid reaction. Serotonin could substitute for MDP for the reaction, and methysergide, a serotonin antagonist, inhibited the activity.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1990

The temporomandibular joint in rheumatoid arthritis--a comparative clinical and tomographic study pre- and post-prosthesis.

Six partially or fully edentulous rheumatoid patients participated in the study. By comparing the clinical symptoms and tomograms of the temporomandibular joints (TMJS) pre-prosthesis with those post-prosthesis, this report assesses whether dental treatment could provide positive help for TMJS in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Among the clinical symptoms of TMJ dysfunction, pain from the TMJ region and limitations of movement were improved in all the patients post-prosthesis. Tomographic evidence of desirable remodelling of the condylar heads was observed in two cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Nucleotide sequence and cloning in Bacillus subtilis of the Bacillus stearothermophilus pleiotropic regulatory gene degT.

The regulatory gene (degT) from Bacillus stearothermophilus NCA1503 which enhanced production of extracellular alkaline protease (Apr) was cloned in Bacillus subtilis with pTB53 as a vector. When B. subtilis MT-2 (Npr- [deficiency of neutral protease] Apr+) was transformed with the recombinant plasmid, pDT145, the plasmid carrier produced about three times more alkaline protease than did the wild-type strain. In contrast, when B. subtilis DB104 (Npr- Apr-) was used as a host, the transformant with pDT145 could not exhibit any protease activity. After construction of the deletion plasmids, DNA sequencing was done. A large open reading frame was found, and nucleotide sequence analysis showed that the degT gene was composed of 1,116 bases (372 amino acid residues, molecular weight of 41,244). A Shine-Dalgarno sequence was found nine bases upstream from the open reading frame. A B. subtilis strain carrying degT showed the following pleiotropic phenomena: (i) enhancement of production of extracellular enzymes such as alkaline protease and levansucrase, (ii) repression of autolysin activity, (iii) decrease of transformation efficiency for B. subtilis (competent cell procedure), (iv) altered control of sporulation, (v) loss of flagella, and (vi) abnormal cell division. When B. stearothermophilus SIC1 was transformed with the recombinant plasmid carrying degT, the transformants exhibited abnormal cell division. These phenomena are similar to those of the phenotypes of degSU(Hy) (hyperproduction), degQ(Hy), and degR mutants of B. subtilis. However, the amino acid sequence of the degT product (DegT) is different from those of the reported gene products. Furthermore, DegT includes a hydrophobic core region in the N-terminal portion (amino acid numbers 50 to 160), a consensus sequence for a DNA binding region (amino acid numbers 160 to 179), and a region homologous to transcription activator proteins (amino acid numbers 351 to 366). We discuss the possibility that the membrane protein DegT functions as a sensor protein and transfers the signal of environmental stimuli to the regulatory region of target genes to activate or repress transcription of the genes.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed1990

[Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for multiple brachiocephalic artery stenosis: case report].

We encountered a patient with multiple stenotic lesions. He was treated by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). The patient, a 59 year-old male, complained of right motor weakness. CT scan showed a multiple low density area (LDA) in the distribution of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA), but did not reveal LDA in the distribution of the left MCA on the affected side. After hospitalization, right motor weakness gradually worsened and aphasia became apparent. A repeat CT scan, 8 days after the stroke, disclosed a new LDA in the left watershed zone and the basal ganglia. Angiographical findings revealed a right ICA occlusion, left ICA stenosis, right VA anaplasia and left subclavian artery stenosis, which proved inadequate for anatomical collateral supply. We treated both the left ICA stenosis and the left subclavian artery stenosis by Dotter balloon dilatation catheter, and successfully obtained sufficient dilatation of the vessels concerned. No complication occurred. PTA is a useful method to use in patients with multiple stenotic lesions which might result in ischemic injury if surgical procedures were used. It would also be of value in cases where surgery using general anesthesia might be highly risky.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1990

Quantitative analysis of nodal involvement with respect to survival rate after curative gastrectomy for carcinoma.

We investigated whether or not the survival rate after curative gastrectomy was related to the total number of lymph nodal metastases and the frequency of the metastases (number of nodes with metastases among number of dissected nodes) in 433 patients with carcinoma of the stomach. Of these patients, 45.3 per cent had lymph nodal metastases, and of a total of 10,130 dissected lymph nodes, 13.0 per cent had metastases. The present findings suggest that both the number and frequency of lymph nodal metastases are closely related to other prognostic factors, such as depth of invasion, histologic type, gross findings, histologic staging and vascular invasion. The five year survival rate significantly decreased as the number and frequency of metastases increased. Thus, it appears the number and frequency of involved lymph nodes are parameters of prognostic significance.

Gastrectomy↗
PubMed1989

Range of ventricular ectopic complexes in healthy subjects studied with repeated ambulatory electrocardiographic recordings.

The incidence and forms of ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) in apparently healthy subjects were studied to determine long-term reproducibility of day to day variation on Holter electrocardiogram. The study included 152 men and 68 women ranging in age from 20 to 78 years who were having routine check-ups that revealed no cardiovascular abnormalities. In addition to routine measurements, Holter electrocardiography was recorded during daily life, and the total number of VPCs occurring during 24 hours was visually calculated on replayed electrocardiographic tracings. Forms of VPCs and incidence of VPCs in 10-year age groups of the subjects were also recorded. No VPCs were observed in 56% of the subjects; 93% showed less than 50 VPCs and the other 7% of the 220 subjects had greater than or equal to 50 VPCs. Forty-one of the 220 subjects returned for routine follow-up 1 year later. Repeated Holter electrocardiograms at this time showed high reproducibility of less than 50 VPCs. A small number of multiform VPCs were reproducible but paired VPCs were not. Physiologic definition of VPCs in healthy subjects appears to be clinically significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Enhancement of humoral immune responses against viral vaccines by a non-pyrogenic 6-O-acylmuramyldipeptide and synthetic low toxicity analogues of lipid A.

6-O-Acyl derivatives of N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (MDP) and synthetic, low toxicity lipid-A analogues were examined for their ability to enhance the potency of current viral vaccines. 6-O-(2-Tetradecylhexadecanoyl)-MDP (B30-MDP) in non-irritative vehicles such as physiological saline, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), squalene-PBS emulsion, Intralipid or liposomes, significantly stimulated the primary and secondary antibody production of guinea-pigs against influenza split or subunit vaccine and inactivated the hepatitis B virus surface (HBs) antigen. Mice seemed less responsive to the adjuvanticity of B30-MDP than guinea-pigs. Two low toxicity lipid A analogues, acylated beta(1-6)-D-glucosamine disaccharide bisphosphates (which do not have amide-bound or ester-bound 3-acyloxyacyl groups unlike fully toxic Escherichia coli-type lipid A), caused significantly enhanced antibody responses, primary or secondary, when administered to mice by incorporation into liposomes with inactivated HBs antigen.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1989

Oxygen-derived free radical generating capacity of polymorphonuclear cells in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Oxygen-derived free radical generating capacity of polymorphonuclear cells in 27 patients with ulcerative colitis, 10 with acute bacterial diarrhea and 20 healthy volunteers, was measured by the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence method by stimulation of formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine. Oxidative free radical generating capacity of polymorphonuclear cells in patients with active ulcerative colitis was markedly enhanced as compared with control (p less than 0.01), while this enhanced free radical production by the cells was not detected at remission stage. Serial analyses revealed that oxidative free radical production by the cells in patients with ulcerative colitis was markedly enhanced with clinical deterioration of the disease, but it returned to normal level with an improvement of clinical features. These results suggest that the increased oxidative free radical production by polymorphonuclear cells could be related to the pathogenesis or aggravation of ulcerative colitis.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical consideration for the bridge pontic with the removable plate applying SmCo5 magnet and ferromagnetic alloy].

SmCo5 magnets and ferromagnetic alloy, which were recently developed, have been used to the removable prosthesis, but are not used to the fixed one. We have applied them as a retainer to the bridge pontic with the removable plate. This pontic have following advantage: 1. It is easy to clean and to alter the pontic lower area attached to the alveolar tissue. 2. It is a simple apparatus. Here we propound 2 typical cases with fine result.

Dental Alloys↗
PubMed1989

Structural requirements of lipid A for endotoxicity and other biological activities.

For the past ten years, several groups were engaged in synthetic studies of lipid A, namely the lipid portion of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) that has been assumed to be the bioactive center of LPS, but has not been unanimously approved. Among them, Shiba, Kusumoto, and colleagues, Osaka, Japan have synthesized most energetically and successfully a variety of counterparts of lipid As, biosynthetic lipid A precursors, and their analogs. The endotoxic and related bioactivities of these synthetic compounds were studied by Japanese and German groups, including ours. In 1985, one of the compounds, having an acylation and phosphorylation pattern in beta(1-6)-D-glucosamine disaccharide which was proposed for Escherichia coli F515 lipid A was found to be exhibit full endotoxic and related bioactivities identical to those of the bacterial product. The study was extended by synthesis and examination of bioactivities of variously acylated D-glucosamine di- and monosaccharide phosphates, which correspond to structural components of lipid As, and their analogs or derivatives. Thus, structural requirements have been fairly well elucidated. In this article, first we will review the progress of synthetic and biological studies, with particular emphasis on chemical structure--bioactivities relationships of lipid As, and then we will discuss possible usefulness of some less or nontoxic lipid A-related synthetic compounds in clinical and preventive medicine.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

[Clinico-statistical study on bladder tumor].

A survey was performed on 277 cases of bladder tumor including 221 males and 56 females (3.9:1), treated in the Department of Urology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine. The result was as follows. The age distribution was from 24 to 86 years old with the average of 65.7. Histologically, 2 cases were diagnosed as transitional cell papilloma, 53 cases as transitional cell carcinoma G1, 111 cases as G2, 88 cases as G3, 16 cases as GX, 5 cases as squamous cell carcinoma and 2 cases as adenocarcinoma. As to the relationship between the grade and the stage, all cases of papilloma or G1 were superficial, while 7.2% of G2 and 45.5% of G3 were invasive, showing a close correlation. As to the relationship of cystoscopic findings and the stage, invasive tumors occupied 1.7% of tumors less than 1 cm in diameter, 16.7% of those 1 to 3 cm, 48.0% of 3 to 5 cm and 41.7% of more than 5 cm in diameter. Also 7.1% of papillary pedunculated tumors, 57.1% of non-papillary pedunculated, 21.7% of papillary sessile and 53.5% of non-papillary sessile were invasive. Thus cystoscopic findings of tumors correlated with the stage. The 5 year survival rates were 61.7% in all cases, 81.4% in pTa, 70.5% in pT1, 58.7% in pT2, 50.0% in pT3a, 32.6% in pT3b and 25.0% in pT4. The stage of tumors reflected the prognosis well. Careful cystoscopy and accurate grading were thought to be helpful for correct staging and for choosing a suitable treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of hormonal refractory adenocarcinoma of the prostate with ifosfamide (IFM) and the combination of vincristine ifosfamide and peplomycin (VIP)].

Nineteen patients with hormonal refractory adenocarcinoma of the prostate were treated with ifosfamide (IFM) and the combination of vincristine, ifosfamide and peplomycin (VIP). Nine of them were treated with IFM, and nine with VIP, and one with IFM and also VIP. In the case of the IFM therapy, the over-all response rate was 0% by the Karnofsky's category of response, 20% by the response criteria of Shida et al., 50% by the National Prostatic Cancer Project (NPCP) criteria, and 0% by the response criteria of Koyama and Saito. In the case of the VIP therapy, the over-all response rate was 30% by the Karnofsky's category, 30% by the response criteria of Shida et al., 70% by the NPCP criteria and 20% by the response criteria of Koyama and Saitoh. The one-year survival rates of these patients treated with IFM and VIP were both about 20%. Only one patient treated with VIP therapy showed a partial response. Therefore, a more effective regimen for hormonal refractory adenocarcinoma of the prostate must be developed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[PVB therapy for advanced testicular cancer].

Twelve cases of advanced testicular cancer, including 5 cases of seminoma, 3 cases of teratocarcinoma, 1 case of yolk sac tumor, 1 case of embryonal carcinoma and 2 cases of mixed cell type, were treated with cisplatin-vinblastine-bleomycin (PVB) therapy. Among them, 10 cases had measurable metastatic lesions and the objective response rate was 80%. Three cases showed complete response. Ten cases showed nonexistent disease after PVB therapy and salvage operation. Though PVB therapy was useful for the treatment of advanced testicular cancer, a few cases having poor prognostic factors showed no response to the therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Characterization of calcium permeability at steady-state calcium load in masseter muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum].

To characterize the route of calcium permeability, the effect of intravesicular and extravesicular calcium concentration on the permeability from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) vesicles isolated from canine masseter muscle was determined by measuring net efflux of calcium after stopping pump-mediated fluxes. The apparent permeability, calculated as the net efflux divided by the total intravesicular calcium, depended on calcium load. When the intravesicular bound calcium was taken into account, net calcium efflux was found to be linearly related to the difference in calcium concentration across the SR membrane. The first order rate constant of calcium permeability was nearly identical when efflux was initiated by the addition of EGTA or glucose plus hexokinase to quench calcium pump by lowering activator calcium or by converting substrate ATP to ADP and glucose 6-phosphate, respectively. Extravesicular calcium concentration between 0.001 microM and 33.9 microM had no great effect on calcium permeability. The results suggest that some minimal calcium gradient may be required in order to observe a substantial passive calcium efflux, and the passive calcium efflux is not carrier mediated. It is also postulated that passive route of efflux during calcium accumulation is relatively small and that physiological calcium release during excitation-contraction coupling does not occur through this route.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Study of hard mineralized tissues effect of calcium-deficient diets with and without cholecalciferol supplementation on the incisor dentine of rats].

It has been known that both tooth and bone have an apatite structure similar to that of mineral hydroxyapatite. The apatite crystal in living tissues of tooth and bone generally is constructed from submicrocrystals and has many impurities. It seems that chemical and physical aspects of resistance of hard tissues depend on the diet. Consequently, the matrix of organic, free radicals in X-ray irradiated hard tissues were studied by means of electron spin resonance (ESR). The effects of calcium-deficient diets with and without cholecalciferol supplementation on the incisor dentine of rats were examined by the rate of decay of organic, free fadicals in X-ray irradiated incisor dentine of rats. The crystal size of incisor dentine became smaller in case of calcium contained diet.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Usefulness and limitations of transesophageal echocardiography in anesthetic practice].

Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has been used as a monitor of cardiovascular function and as a diagnostic tool in anesthetic practice. TEE is the only available monitor to detect anatomical abnormalities such as of wall motion as well as valvular abnormalities. Doppler TEE has wider diagnostic functions. TEE is a very sensitive monitor to detect myocardial ischemia by recognizing wall motion abnormalities and loss of systolic wall thickening. Preload defined by left ventricular end-diastolic volume may not correlate with left ventricular end-diastolic pressure or pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) when left ventricular compliance changes such as after coronary artery surgery. PCWP can be misleading when transmural pressure across cardiac chambers are undetermined such as in patients with cardiac tamponade or those on high positive end-expiratory pressure. In these situations, TEE is a powerful tool to link physiologic parameters and anatomy. TEE is also a very sensitive monitor to diagnose air embolism during cardiac surgery and neurosurgery in sitting position. There are, however, several shortcomings such as its cost, "too much sensitivity", requirement of some experience, interobserver variability, and so on. The computer-assisted on-line analysis would greatly augment usefulness of TEE. When these shortcomings are overcome, TEE would be one of the most important monitors in anesthetic practice.

Anesthesiology↗