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Biomedical subjects

H Takada

Publications and source records attributed to H Takada.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Immunohistochemical analysis of plasminogen activator expression in human colorectal carcinomas: correlation with CEA distribution and tumor cell kinetics.

Fifty cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma were immunohistochemically examined for the relationship between distribution of plasminogen activators (PAs) and the degree of differentiation of cancer cells as reflected by carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) expression as well as tumor cell kinetics. The A chain of urokinase-type PA (u-PA-A) was mainly observed in the apical portions of highly differentiated cancer cells. Increased expression and change in localization to the cytoplasm were found with progressive dedifferentiation. The numbers of DNA polymerase alpha (pol. alpha) positive cancer cells also increased in line with u-PA-A expression. The B chain of u-PA (u-PA-B), and the A and B chains of tissue-type PA (t-PA-A and -B) did not show similar alteration. The present findings suggest that the distribution of u-PA-A in colorectal carcinoma tissues, the degree of tumor differentiation, and the proliferation kinetics of cancer cells are closely related.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Physiologic and anatomic assessment of patients with rectocele.

Clinical, physiologic, and anatomic assessments were carried out in 22 female patients with symptomatic rectocele (Group A), 15 patients with asymptomatic rectocele (Group B), and 14 subjects having no rectocele (Group C). Resting and pressure, rectal pressure, rectal compliance, anorectal inhibitory reflex, and rectal sensation did not differ among the groups. Proctography revealed that the lengths of the rectocele during attempted defecation in groups A (1.6 [1.0-3.5] cm) (median and range) and B (1.6 [1.0-3.0] cm) were significantly greater than that in Group C (0.4 [0.1-0.9] cm) (P less than 0.001 in both groups). Median pelvic floor descent at rest in Groups A (4.3 [1.6-7.5] cm) (median and range) and B (4.3 [1.3-6.9] cm) were significantly greater than that in Group C (2.5 [1.2-5.0] cm) (P less than 0.001 and P less than 0.02, respectively). These results indicate that rectocele is not associated with any physiologic change apart from a significant increase of pelvic floor descent.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in street dust from the Tokyo Metropolitan area.

Molecular distributions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in street dust samples collected from the Tokyo Metropolitan area were determined by capillary gas chromatography following HPLC fractionation. Three- to six-ring PAHs and sulfur-heterocyclics were detected. PAHs in the dusts were dominated by three and four unsubstituted ring systems with significant amounts of their alkyl homologues. PAHs were widely distributed in the streets, with concentrations (sigma COMB) of a few microgram/g dust. Automobile exhaust, asphalt, gasoline fuel, diesel fuel, tyre particles, automobile crankcase oils, and atmospheric fallout were also analysed. The PAH profile, especially the relative abundance of alkyl-PAHs and sulfur-containing heterocyclics, indicated that PAHs in the street dusts from roads carrying heavy traffic are mainly derived from automobile exhausts; dusts from residential areas have a more significant contribution from atmospheric fallout.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1991

Inhibition by selenium of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma induction in Syrian golden hamsters by N'-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine.

The effects of selenium supplementation on induction of cholangiocarcinomas and related precancerous lesions in female Syrian Golden hamsters by N'-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP) were investigated. Four-week-old animals were divided into two groups according to the selenium level contained in the drinking water (0.1 ppm or 4.0 ppm) and fed a purified diet containing less than 0.05 ppm of the trace element. Starting at Week 4 of the experiment, hamsters were administered 10 weekly injections of BOP (10 mg/kg body wt) and then killed 18 weeks after the last carcinogen administration. Animals receiving physiological saline alone served as controls. Cholangiocellular carcinomas tended to be reduced, and putative preneoplastic lesions of cholangiofibrosis were significantly decreased in the high-as opposed to the low-selenium groups in terms of both incidence rate and number per effective animal. The respective high and low selenium values for incidence and number were 24/38% and 0.34/0.66, respectively, for cholangiocarcinomas and 50/89% and 1.21/8.44, respectively, for cholangiofibroses. Proliferation of intrahepatic bile ducts was also significantly inhibited in the high-selenium group along with cyst formation. Biochemical investigation revealed both selenium level and glutathione peroxidase activity to be significantly greater in the high-than in the low-selenium group livers. The results thus suggest that selenium may inhibit BOP-induction of bile duct lesions, possibly via glutathione peroxidase-mediated alteration of carcinogenesis.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1991

Thermostable phenylalanine dehydrogenase of Thermoactinomyces intermedius: cloning, expression, and sequencing of its gene.

The gene encoding the thermostable phenylalanine dehydrogenase [EC 1.4.1.-] of a thermophile, Thermoactinomyces intermedius, was cloned and its complete DNA sequence was determined. The phenylalanine dehydrogenase gene (pdh) consists of 1,098 nucleotides and encodes 366 amino acid residues corresponding to the subunit (Mr 41,000) of the hexameric enzyme. The amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the pdh gene of T. intermedius was 56.0 and 42.1% homologous to those of the phenylalanine dehydrogenases of Bacillus sphaericus and Sporosarcina ureae, respectively. It shows 47.5% homology to that of the thermostable leucine dehydrogenase from B. stearothermophilus. The pdh gene was highly expressed in E. coli JM109, the amount of phenylalanine dehydrogenase produced amounting up to about 8.3% of that of the total soluble protein. We purified the enzyme to homogeneity from transformant cells in a day, with a 58% recovery.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1991

Induction of interleukin-1 and -6 in human gingival fibroblast cultures stimulated with Bacteroides lipopolysaccharides.

Normal human gingival fibroblasts stimulated in vitro by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from oral Bacteroides species produced cell-free and cell-associated thymocyte-activating factors (TAF). Neutralization assays using antisera to human interleukin-1 alpha (HuIL-1 alpha), HuIL-1 beta, and HuIL-6 revealed that cell-free TAF was attributable mainly to IL-1 beta and that IL-6 augmented the TAF activity of IL-1 beta in the culture supernatant. Another factor(s), however, may also be involved in cell-free TAF. By contrast, the active entity of cell-associated TAF was ascribed to IL-1 alpha alone. Furthermore, IL-6 was detected mainly in the supernatant of fibroblast cultures stimulated with Bacteroides LPS. Fibroblasts pretreated with natural human beta or gamma interferon, but not those pretreated with alpha interferon, synthesized higher levels of cell-associated IL-1 alpha in response to stimulation by Bacteroides LPS; however, no interferons exhibited direct IL-1-inducing activity or synergistic IL-1-inducing activity with LPS. Endogenously induced beta interferon was suggested to be necessary for fibroblasts to produce cell-associated IL-1 alpha in response to Bacteroides LPS.

Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte↗
PubMed1991

Distribution, purification, and characterization of thermostable phenylalanine dehydrogenase from thermophilic actinomycetes.

Phenylalanine dehydrogenase (L-phenylalanine:NAD oxidoreductase, deaminating; EC 1.4.1.-) was found in various thermophilic actinomycetes. We purified the enzyme to homogeneity from Thermoactinomyces intermedius IFO 14230 by heat treatment and by Red Sepharose 4B, DEAE-Toyopearl, Sepharose CL-4B, and Sephadex G-100 chromatographies with a 13% yield. The relative molecular weight of the native enzyme was estimated to be about 270,000 by gel filtration. The enzyme consists of six subunits identical in molecular weight (41,000) and is highly thermostable: it is not inactivated by incubation at pH 7.2 and 70 degrees C for at least 60 min or in the range of pH 5 to 10.8 at 50 degrees C for 10 min. The enzyme preferably acts on L-phenylalanine and its 2-oxo analog, phenylpyruvate, in the presence of NAD and NADH, respectively. Initial velocity and product inhibition studies showed that the oxidative deamination proceeds through a sequential ordered binary-ternary mechanism. The Km values for L-phenylalanine, NAD, phenylpyruvate, NADH, and ammonia were 0.22, 0.078, 0.045, 0.025, and 106 mM, respectively. The pro-S hydrogen at C-4 of the dihydronicotinamide ring of NADH was exclusively transferred to the substrate.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical evaluation of nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors].

We treated 26 patients with nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) between January 1976 and March 1989. Histologically, 7 were embryonal carcinoma (27%), 4 were teratoma (15%), 2 were yolk sac tumor (8%), 10 were teratocarcinoma (38%) and 3 were other mixed tumors. As regards staging, 18 belonged to stage I (69%), 1 to stage II A (4%), 1 to stage IIB (4%), 1 to stage IIIA, 2 to stage III B1 (8%) and 3 to stage III B2 (12%). Patients in stage I were treated by orchidectomy with lymphadenectomy and occasionally chemotherapy before 1984, resulting in a 100% 5-year survival. However, after 1985, 5 cases in stage I were treated by orchidectomy alone according to a watch-and-see policy. Two cases among them relapsed within two years and both of them contained immature teratoma elements. Six patients with metastatic tumor were treated with PVB therapy of which response rate was 66.7%. The total 5-year survival rate of patients in stage I, II and III was 100%, 50%, 50%, respectively and that in overall cases was 84.6%.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Complete response in a case of rectal carcinoma with multiple liver metastasis treated by infuse-a-port].

Much effort has been developed to control of multiple liver metastases of colo-rectal cancer, but the results of various therapies are not necessarily satisfactory. We report here a 73-year female with advanced rectal cancer and multiple liver metastases (H3), who showed a complete response to hepatic arterial infusion of mitomycin C using "Infuse-a-port". Hepatic arterial infusion of chemotherapeutic agents using totally implantable reservoir might be one of the most potent therapies for non-resectable liver metastasis of colo-rectal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Intraocclusal distance between the anterior teeth in intercuspal position.

We recorded intercuspal occlusal contacts using silicone for 20 subjects with complete dentition maintaining their masseter muscle contraction levels at 10 and 30% of maximum EMG activity. A computer-aided video system was used to read the silicone image and translate the intensity of transmitted light to the thickness corresponding to the distance between opposing teeth. The intraocclusal distance was greater in the anterior than in the posterior teeth. The intraocclusal distance in the canines was intermediate between that in the incisors and posterior teeth. Although these tendencies were the same at the 10 and 30% EMG levels, an increase in the EMG level decreased all the distances.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Study on flomoxef in the perinatal period].

The placental passage and the the therapeutic efficacy of flomoxef (FMOX, 6315-S) were studied in patients in the perinatal period. A summary of the obtained results is as follows: 1. Concentrations of FMOX in maternal serum, umbilical cord serum and amniotic fluid obtained upon one-shot intravenous injections to 12 patients were compared with those obtained upon 1 hour drip infusions to 9 patients. It was found that the former means of administration gave higher concentrations that the latter. 2. Concentrations of FMOX in maternal serum, umbilical cord serum and amniotic fluid at 1 to 6 hours after administration through either method were all higher than MIC80's of recognized bacteria. 3. Clinical efficacies were evaluated in 10 patients with puerperal intrauterine infection, 7 patients with endometritis, 2 patients with pyelonephritis and 1 patient each with endo-cervicitis, amniotic fluid infection, mastitis and perineal wound infection. Clinical efficacies were excellent in 5 patients (21.7%), good in 17 patients (73.9%) and poor in 1 patient (4.4%), thus the overall efficacy rate was 95.7%. 4. Eradication of causative bacteria were obtained in all 8 cases tested, hence the eradication rate was 100%. 5. Mild diarrhea in 1 patient was the only side effect observed. No abnormal clinical laboratory test results were found in any patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Inhibitory effect of selenium on hamster pancreatic cancer induction by N'-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine.

The effect of selenium intake on the development of pancreatic cancer was investigated in female Syrian golden hamsters. Four-week-old hamsters were divided into 2 groups according to the selenium level in their drinking water and were fed a purified diet containing less than 0.05 ppm selenium. Starting 4 weeks later, groups received 10 s.c. injections at weekly intervals of N'-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP) dissolved in saline, while controls received saline alone. When the animals were killed 18 weeks after the last injection, palpable tumors were less frequent in the high-selenium group than in animals receiving low-selenium supplement, the numbers of histologically diagnosed cancerous lesions also being significantly reduced by high selenium intake. The selenium level and glutathione peroxidase activity in serum and pancreas were significantly greater in the high-selenium group. Moreover, selenium levels and glutathione peroxidase activity were both significantly higher in tumor-bearing tissue. The results suggest that glutathione peroxidase is involved as an intermediate factor in prevention of carcinogenesis by selenium.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Prognostic significance of serosal invasion and free intraperitoneal cancer cells in gastric cancer.

Survival rates after curative gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer among 238 patients in whom the cancer was invading the serosa were compared with 283 patients without serosal invasion. Generalized Wilcoxon estimates for 5-year survival rate were 47.1 per cent for patients exhibiting serosal invasion and 75.9 per cent for patients without serosal invasion. The frequency of lymph node metastasis increased proportionately with the extent of serosal invasion: 18.4 per cent in cases of S0; 53.8 per cent in cases of S1; 80.0 per cent in cases of S2; and 91.4 per cent in cases of S3. The higher the aggregate total of S (serosal invasion) and n (lymph node metastasis) factors, the lower the 5-year survival rate. In addition, patients with serosal invasion had a propensity for peritoneal dissemination of cancer cells; the percentage of cases with intraperitoneal free cancer cells increased with the extent of serosal invasion. It is worth noting that when cancer infiltration proceeded to the deeper layers and was accompanied by nodal metastasis, cancerous invasion of the perinodal fatty tissue was frequently evident. Therefore, unfavourable prognosis after curative resection in gastric cancer patients with serosal invasion may be largely dependent on whether or not the cancer has invaded the peritoneal cavity and the perinodal fatty tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Quantitative appraisal of Picolax (sodium picosulfate/magnesium citrate) in the preparation of the large bowel for elective surgery.

The authors have investigated the metabolic sequelae Picolax bowel preparation in a group receiving their preparation either 24 hours (n = 17) or 48 hours (n = 18) before elective colonic resection. No significant changes in any metabolic parameter were found in the 24-hour group. In the 48-hour group, there was a significant decrease in serum sodium (P less than 0.005), serum chloride (P less than 0.005), pH (P less than 0.005), HCO3 (P less than 0.005), and base excess (P less than 0.005). Only 16 of 35 cases (46 percent) had an acceptable bowel preparation: 11 of 17 (65 percent) in the 24-hour group and 5 of 18 (28 percent) in the 48-hour group. Marker studies did not correlate with the quality of bowel preparation. The risk of potentially explosive intraluminal gas was increased if the bowel preparation was poor: 12 of 19 patients (63 percent) with a poor bowel preparation compared with 3 of 16 patients (19 percent) of those with an acceptable preparation (P less than 0.005). Picolax is a poor mechanical bowel preparation and is associated with unacceptable physiologic disturbance if given two days before surgery.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1990

Specific inhibitory effect of dietary eicosapentaenoic acid on N-nitroso-N-methylurea-induced mammary carcinogenesis in female Sprague-Dawley rats.

We have investigated the effects of two qualitatively different types of unsaturated fatty acids on N-nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU)-induced mammary carcinogenesis in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Semipurified diets containing 4.7% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) plus 0.3% linoleic acid or 5% linoleic acid were prepared. Animals maintained on these diets were given an i.v. injection of NMU (50 mg/kg body wt) at 50 days of age and killed 20 weeks later. Both tumor incidence and tumor number per rat were significantly lower in the EPA diet group (60.0% and 2.3 +/- 2.5 versus 93.3% and 5.1 +/- 4.5 respectively) for the 5% linoleic acid diet. Furthermore, the average weight of tumor material (total) per rat was significantly lower in the EPA as compared to linoleic acid diet group (2.9 +/- 4.2 g and 11.4 +/- 12.2 g respectively). Analysis of phospholipid fatty acids in the mammary tumors in the EPA diet group showed a higher proportion of C16:0, C18:2, omega-3 fatty acids C20:5 and C22:6 and a lower proportion of C20:4. Furthermore, mammary tumors in rats fed the EPA diet demonstrated significant reduction in prostaglandins. The results thus suggest that inhibition by EPA of NMU-induced mammary carcinogenesis may be mediated via the modulation of lipid metabolism and associated reduction in prostaglandin synthesis.

Animals↗