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Biomedical subjects

H Taguchi

Publications and source records attributed to H Taguchi.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Evaluation of skin test for chromoblastomycosis using antigens prepared from culture filtrates of Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Phialophora verrucosa, Wangiella dermatitidis and Exophiala jeanselmei.

Antigenic substances were prepared from culture filtrates of Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Phialophora verrucosa, Wangiella dermatitidis and Exophiala jeanselmei. These antigenic substances were evaluated for detecting cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity in rats experimentally-infected with F. pedrosoi, P. verrucosa. W. dermatitidis, E. jeanselmei, Cladosporium carrionii and Fonsecaea compactum and in patients with chromoblastomycosis caused by F. pedrosoi. The F. pedrosoi antigen elicited positive reactions in all of the animals infected with F. pedrosoi and in 5 of 6 patients. The P. verrucosa, W. dermatitidis and E. jeanselmei antigens elicited positive reactions in all of the animals infected with the homologous species. These antigens displayed cross-reactivity in some of the animals and patients, whereas more than half of them exhibited positive reactions only to the antigens prepared from the homologous species. These results suggest that a delayed-type skin test using the antigens prepared by the authors may be useful not only for the diagnosis of chromoblastomycosis but also for the identification of species of the causative agent.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Diagnostic and prognostic significance of chromosome abnormalities in marrow and mitogen response of lymphocytes of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.

Chromosomes of bone marrow from 28 patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) (26 with AML, 2 with AMMoL), 19 of whom had chromosome abnormalities, were studied; 11 cases exhibited previously unreported karyotypic abnormalities. The marrows of two cases had 8-21 translocations associated with an iso-X chromosome in the female patient and with 9q13- and a missing Y in the male patient. Usually, AML patients with a 8-21 translocation have been considered to have a good prognosis; however, our cases had rather short survival times. Therefore, the prognosis of AML with an 8-21 translocation but associated with other abnormalities is still not clear. Centromere spreading (CS), which was originally reported in marrow cells of megaloblastic anemia (B12 and folic acid deficiency), was detected in leukemic cells, disappeared during remission, and reappeared on relapse. These findings suggest that CS may be a new type of abnormality in AML. In two patients with atypical hypoplastic anemia and hemolytic anemia, chromosome abnormalities were detected at the anemic stage. One case with CS was associated with atypical hypoplastic anemia and developed AML after 1 year; the other with 48,XY,+i(1q),+3,/12 and -14 had hemolytic anemia and developed AMMoL 3 weeks later. Interestingly, identical clones were detected both before and after the clinical diagnosis of leukemia. These cases strongly support the concept that some chromosome abnormalities precede the clinical manifestations of leukemia. The present study also revealed that lymphocytes in ANLL respond poorly to PHA in the presence of high numbers of blasts but do respond well to mitogens during remission. Therefore, the response of lymphocytes to PHA may serve as one criterion for determining remission.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Heat-stable and fructose 1,6-bisphosphate-activated L-lactate dehydrogenase from an extremely thermophilic bacterium.

Heat-stable L-lactate dehydrogenase [EC 1.1.1.27] was purified from an extremely thermophilic bacterium belonging to the genus Thermus, and it showed an allosteric nature dependent on fructose 1,6-bisphosphate as an effector. The enzyme had a molecular weight of approximately 120,000 with a subunit molecular weight of 31,000. For pyruvate reduction, the optimal pH was found to be 4.5. At neutral pH, which is a more physiological region, little enzyme activity was observed, but marked reaction resulted from the addition of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. This addition stabilized the enzyme toward heat treatment at up to 95 degrees C. The optimal temperature for the enzyme reaction was approximately 80 degrees C for pyruvate reduction and 95 degrees C for lactate oxidation.

Enzyme Activation↗
PubMed1982

Effect of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-isobutyl-3-(beta-maltosyl)-1-nitrosourea on experimental tumors.

The antitumor activity of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-isobutyl-3-(beta-maltosyl)-1-nitrosourea (TA-077), a novel water-soluble nitrosourea derivative, against leukemia L1210, Ehrlich carcinoma, sarcoma 180, Lewis lung carcinoma, Yoshida sarcoma, rat ascites hepatomas and Walker 256 carcinosarcoma was examined and compared with those of 3 reference nitrosourea antitumor agents, 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-nitrosourea, 3-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea hydrochloride and 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea. TA-077 exhibited a broad antitumor spectrum against the above tumors. Among these 4 nitrosoureas, TA-077 produced the best therapeutic ratios (OD/ILS30) against leukemia L1210, irrespective of the administration route and schedule employed. The ratio obtained by consecutive treatment (ip) was superior to that by single administration, a unique characteristic of this novel nitrosourea agent. The inhibitory effect of TA-077 on the growth of non-syngenic tumors (solid form) was also significant in all administration routes employed (ip, iv and po). Furthermore, TA-077 showed a marked life-prolonging effect on both early and advanced forms of Lewis lung carcinoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Antitumor effects of organic silicone compounds (IV). Antitumor effects of SDK-50 and SDK-47].

From the results of the 1st and 2nd screening as to the antitumor effect of organosilica compounds, two compounds, namely, SDK-50 (2-piperidinoethyl-phenyldimethyl-silane) and SDK-47 (3-N-2-propenylamino) propyltrimethyl-silane were selected. These two compounds were further tested by using the solid form cancer of Ehrlich, sarcoma-180 and Lewis lung carcinoma in mice and moreover the rats bearing ascites hepatomas. AH-13, 130, 272, 44, 66F, 66, 7974, 41-C, 60-C and 109A. From the summarized data, it may be said that the effect of SDK-50 is relatively superior to SDK-47. In addition of the inhibitory effect on cancer cells, it was found that SDK-50 possesses an activating effect of delayed type hypersensitivity. This effect of SDK-50 was equivalent to PSK or SPG.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1981

Purification and properties of aldose 1-epimerase from Aspergillus niger.

Aspergillus niger ATCC 6274 was selected as an aldose 1-epimerase (EC 5.1.3.3) producer from 45 stock cultures of A. niger. The aldose 1-epimerase was purified 115-fold to apparent homogeneity from cell extracts with a yield of 2.6%. The molecular weight was calculated to be 260,000 and that of the subunit to be 130,000. The enzyme preparation was active at pH 5-7. The Km value was 50 mM and the V value was 1200 units/mg toward alpha-D-glucose. This enzyme catalyzed mutarotation of the following substrates; alpha-D-glucose, beta-D-fructose, beta-L-arabinose and beta-D-galactose. The time required for glucose determination with a glucose oxidase reagent was significantly shortened by the addition of aldose 1-epimerase.

Aspergillus niger↗
PubMed1981

A 14q+ chromosome in adult T-cell leukemia.

Chromosome studies were conducted on two patients with adult T-cell leukemia. In both patients, a marker chromosome 14q+ and a structural change involving chromosome 1 with trisomy of the q arm were found in peripheral blood leukocytes. The 14q+ marker chromosome had resulted from translocation from #5p in one patient and #5q in the other patient. The present and previous studies suggest that the donor chromosomes involved in the 14q+ translocation are variable. This indicates that the 14q+ marker chromosome rather than the donor chromosome is intimately related with adult T-cell leukemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The metabolism of folinic acid (leucovorin) following oral and parenteral administration.

Serum and urinary distributions of following oral and parenteral administration of leucovorin (3-15 mg) were examined in normal adult volunteers microbiologically using lactobacillus casei, Streptococcus faecalis and Pediococcus cerevisiae as test organisms. By the parenteral route, nearly one-third of the folate in the serum and urine was in the form of folinic acid and the remainder as 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid. Almost all the folate in serum and urine was in the form of 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid after oral administration. Peak serum folate was observed 3 hr after oral administration, later than that seen after parenteral administration (30 min). Elevation of serum folate was achieved by the increase of the methyl form of folate following repeated administration of leucovorin orally and parenterally. As the form of folate actually rescuing normal cells in a high-dose methotrexate regimen was thought to be methyl, use of the oral route as a principal means of administration of leucovorin in a rescue program was looked into.

Administration, Oral↗