Biomedical subjects

H Sugano

Publications and source records attributed to H Sugano.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed1987

[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on cefotaxime in plastic and reconstructive surgery].

Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on cefotaxime (CTX) in plastic and reconstructive surgery field were carried out. The results obtained are summarized as follows. Two grams of CTX was administered intravenously by single bolus injection to each of 4 patients with burn blisters and mean levels of CTX concentration in blister exudates were investigated. Thirty minutes after administration, the mean level of CTX in the exudates was 3.90 micrograms/ml and it reached a peak of 9.81 micrograms/ml in 2 hours. The clinical efficacy rate for 30 patients with burn infections and postoperative infections was 73.3%, and the efficacy rate for 29 patients in prophylactic use was 72.4%. A side effect (eruption) and abnormal laboratory findings were observed in each one case out of 59. From the above results, CTX may be considered to be useful in plastic and reconstructive surgical treatments.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

The intramucosal cysts of the stomach. VII: A pathway of gastric carcinogenesis?

Gastric specimens from 259 patients (69 Swedish and 190 Japanese) were examined for the presence of intramucosal cysts. The number of cysts for each centimeter of mucosa analyzed (cystic index) was calculated. The material included 153 patients with peptic gastric ulcer, 41 with elevated dysplasias, and 65 with early gastric cancer. The results demonstrated that in the Japanese material, the normal-looking gastric mucosa adjacent to a variety of gastric lesions such as gastric peptic ulcer, focal elevated dysplasias, or incipient adenocarcinomas, had a significantly higher cyst index than the gastric mucosa adjacent to similar lesions in Swedish patients. At this point, it should be stressed that the Japanese have a high incidence of gastric cancer (82/100,000 males) while the Swedish have a relatively low incidence (28/100,000 males). The results presented herein appear to suggest that cystic formation in the gastric mucosa may herald an early neoplastic growth at the luminal aspect in some of the cysts.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1986

Species difference between rat and hamster in tissue accumulation of mercury after administration of methylmercury.

The accumulation of mercury in tissues of the rat and hamster was determined after the administration of a single dose of 203Hg-methylmercury chloride (10 mg/kg body weight). On day 2, the mercury contents of hamster tissues were higher than those of rat tissues, except for red blood cells, in which the mercury content was about 6-fold higher in the rat than in the hamster. After that time, the mercury content of hamster tissues decreased rather steeply and on day 16 it had reached 14-25% in nervous tissues and 7-15% in other tissues, of the levels on day 2. In the rat, on the other hand, the mercury content of nervous tissues on day 16 was higher than that on day 2 (106-220%), except for dorsal roots and dorsal root ganglia, which showed slight decreases (75-94% of the levels on day 2). In non-neural tissues, the decreases up to day 16 were also small (71-92% of the levels on day 2). Thus, both the uptake and elimination of mercury seem to be more rapid in the tissues of hamster compared with those of the rat. Similar trends of mercury accumulation and elimination were observed when animals received multiple injections of methylmercury that induced acute methylmercury intoxication. Significant biotransformation of the injected methylmercury to inorganic mercury was detected in the liver, kidney and spleen of both animal species.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗

PubMed1986

A pitfall in the interpretation of intestinal metaplasia of the stomach.

Four cases having vacuolated gastric (pyloric) cells resembling the goblet cells of intestinal metaplasia are presented. Contrary to goblet cells of intestinal metaplasia, the vacuolated pyloric cells in the four cases herein reported were negative for mucus stains. Although the nature of these mucus-free vacuolated gastric cells remains obscure, their occurrence should be considered in studies of intestinal metaplasia of the stomach.

Gastric Mucosa↗

PubMed1986

Spontaneous hepatocellular carcinomas in lungfish.

Liver tumors were observed in 2 South American lungfish (Lepidosiren paradoxa) and in 1 African lungfish (Protopterus amphibius) kept in 3 different aquariums in Japan for 2-5 years. In the first case a single, large nodule (70 X 60 X 55 mm) in the liver had been noted externally as a swelling 1 year prior to death. In the second case 2 rounded nodules (25 X 15 X 15 mm and 15 X 10 X 10 mm) were incidentally found at autopsy. In the third case, which also demonstrated abdominal swelling for 1 year preceding death, 2 green nodules (50 X 50 X 40 mm and 17 X 17 X 17 mm) were found in the liver together with multiple metastatic lesions. Histologically, variation was evident from tumor to tumor, even within the same animal. The most common histologic type was typical trabecular hepatomas. Admixtures of glandular or papillary structures were noted in some tumors. A region of poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma with spindle-shaped cells in a sheetlike arrangement was noted in one case. The cause of these tumors is unknown. Since liver tumors were discovered at relatively high incidence (3/14 autopsied cases, including 6 species), lungfish seem to be predisposed to the development of liver tumors.

Animals↗

PubMed1986

Evaluation of different preparations of aggregated human IgG for use as a standard in the assays of circulating immune complexes.

Comparative studies were carried out with regards to different preparations of aggregated human IgG (AGHG) to be used as the standard protein in the assays to estimate the amounts of circulating immune complexes. 5 different preparations of AGHG were used, in which WHO reference AGHG and glutaraldehyde-polymerized AGHG were included. These AGHG preparations were measured by the 4 different binding assays. Glutaraldehyde-polymerized AGHG, though weaker than heat-denatured AGHG in the binding activities, showed apparent dose-dependent curves in the 4 assays. It was also shown that molecular size of AGHG affect the binding activities: the smaller the molecular size, the weaker the binding activities. These results are considered to provide invaluable information for the standardization of the preparation of AGHG.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗

PubMed1986

[Postoperative recurrence and death rates of poorly differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid].

Postoperative recurrence and death rates of 54 cases of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma were analyzed. The rates of recurrence of 18 widely resected cases during 1979 and 1981 and 36 patients undergoing conventional surgery during 1965 and 1978 were 22.2% and 50%, respectively. The difference between the figures was statistically significant (p less than 0.05). The death rates of the two groups were 5.6% and 41.7%, respectively. These results indicate that wide resection is appropriate in the surgical treatment of the thyroid.

Carcinoma↗

PubMed1986

[Epidemiological survey on the relationship between obesity and endometrial cancer].

Endometrial carcinoma is found more frequently in obese subjects. In this study, we evaluated the comparative risks of endometrial cancer relative to obesity indices calculated using the Brocas coefficient. From 1979 to 1983, we treated 185 patients with endometrial cancer at the Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo. Compared to nonobese subjects, those who exhibited an obesity index of 1.2 or more were found to have a relative risk value of 2.0 or more times that of normal subjects across all age groups. Based on these findings, it is suggested that a practical and effective preventive measure against endometrial cancer is to avoid becoming obese.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

[The association of obesity with case distribution and prognosis of breast cancer].

We analyzed the association of obesity with case distribution and prognosis of breast cancer. We obtained the following results by using 1,587 breast cancer cases mastectomized between 1965 and 1974 at the Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo. 1) Non-invasive ductal carcinoma was prominent in non-obese patients. 2) The ratio of obese group was increasing as the patients became older. 3) Obese patients had bigger size of tumor and more advanced lymph node metastasis than non-obese patients. 4) In premenopausal patients but not in postmenopausal ones, obese group showed poorer 5-year survival rate than non-obese group (p less than 0.01), and it was true even after equalizing the tumor size and lymph node metastasis.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

[The accuracy of frozen sections in the diagnoses of breast lesions].

To evaluate the accuracy in diagnosing breast lesions by frozen sections, 657 consecutive diagnostic biopsies seen during 1982 were reviewed. Of 559 lesions considered benign at frozen sections, 558 were also benign in paraffin sections, the remaining one being a papillary carcinoma (i.e. 1/559 or 0.2% false negative). All 78 cases diagnosed as malignant in frozen sections were also malignant in paraffin sections (i.e. 0% false positive). Of the 20 doubtful cases, in frozen sections, 15 showed a papillary lesions; 7 of them were malignant in paraffin sections and the rest 13 benign. It is concluded that the frozen sections are usefull in the diagnoses of mammary disorders except for those cases with papillary tumors.

Biopsy↗

PubMed1985

Carcinoma in situ in nonpolypoid mucosa of the large intestine. Report of a case with significance in strategies for early detection.

A case of carcinoma in situ of the flat, nonpolypoid mucosa of the large intestine in a 32-year-old man is reported. This case is of unusual importance because it was detected by endoscopy and was effectively managed; it sheds further light into the histogenesis of large intestinal carcinomas; and it points to alternate strategies for early detection and prevention of large intestinal carcinomas.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

Relationship between serum and histochemical markers for hepatitis B virus and rate of viral integration in hepatocellular carcinomas in Japan.

The relationship between serological and histochemical markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and viral integration in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) in Japan was investigated. Special attention was paid to the exclusion of false-positive results due to bacterial contamination of autopsy materials. Of 85 patients with HCC, 23 were positive for serum HBsAg, 18 were positive for serum HBV antibodies and the remaining 44 were negative for serum HBV markers. Among the 23 HCCs from HBsAg carriers, 19 (82.6%) had integrated HBV DNA in the tumor DNA. In contrast, of the 18 HCCs from HBV antibody-positive patients, only one was positive for HBV DNA integration; this particular HCC was from a long-term HBsAg carrier who became a non-carrier by seroconversion at a later age. Of 44 HCCs from patients negative for serum HBV markers, 3 had integrated HBV DNA. Of these 3 cases, 2 were, however, histochemically positive for HBsAg in non-cancerous portions of the liver. Thus, our present results show a high integration rate of HBV DNA in HCCs of carrier patients and an extremely low rate of viral integration in HCCs of non-carrier patients. The latter finding contrasts strongly with previous results gained from analysing materials from patients in Europe and Africa. No histological differences were apparent between HCCs with or without viral integration.

Antibodies, Viral↗

PubMed1985

Alteration in RNA synthesis in the dorsal root ganglia of methylmercury-treated rats.

The effect of methylmercury in vivo on the incorporation of 3H-uridine in vitro into RNA of dorsal root ganglia of the rat was examined. Modified methods for the incubation of the tissue and extraction of RNA were applied to adequately determine the rate of RNA synthesis. Methylmercury significantly decreased the RNA content and RNA synthetic activity only in the symptomatic period, while uptake of the precursor into the acid-soluble pool remained unchanged. These results indicate that the previously reported inhibition of protein synthesis in dorsal root ganglia at an early phase of methylmercury intoxication was not due to impairment RNA synthesis in this tissue.

Animals↗

PubMed1985

The lymphoepithelial phenomenon in the gastric mucosa.

Lymphocyte-like cells surrounded by a clear halo were found within the foveolar epithelium both in the fundus and the antrum in a gastrectomy specimen containing concomitantly a benign gastric ulcer. Electron microscopic studies demonstrated that these "in halo" cells had the ultrastructural characteristics of lymphocytes. "In halo" lymphocytes were found present in the subnuclear aspect of the foveolar cell cytoplasm, even in areas without inflammation in the lamina propria. The possible significance of the present finding is discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

Properties of rat liver signal peptidase reconstituted into liposomes.

EDTA/KCl- or pyrophosphate-treated rough microsomes of rat liver clearly showed the co-translational cleavage of pre-human placental lactogen and translocation of the product into membrane vesicles. The signal peptidase fraction was isolated by chromatography on Sephacryl S-300 of deoxycholate-treated membranes and reconstituted into liposomes by dialysis or by the Biobeads SM-2 method. Assay of the signal peptidase activity was performed with pre-human placental lactogen synthesized by the reticulocyte lysate system programmed with human placental lactogen mRNA. The signal peptidase reconstituted into liposomes showed stable activity over the temperature range of 0 to 45 degrees C; in contrast, the detergent-solubilized signal peptidase of dog pancreatic membranes was completely inactivated at the unusually low temperature of 37 degrees C. It was shown that this inactivation was due to the presence of detergent. Signal peptidase from rat liver was insensitive to a variety of protease inhibitors, like the enzyme from dog pancreas, but differed from the latter in being inhibited by chymostatin and TPCK.

Animals↗

PubMed1985

Neurogenic tumors in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) reared in well water in Japan.

Neurogenic tumors were found protruding from various parts of the body of 23 coho salmon. The tumor-bearing fish were first- or second-generation fish derived from eggs imported at the eyed stage to Japan from the United States. Twenty-two of the tumors were in young adults and varied from 14 to 80 mm in maximum diameter. Histologically, the tumors were composed of spindle-shaped cells with abundant fibrous stroma. One tumor showed typical nuclear palisading. All tumors in young adults invaded locally muscle and adipose tissues. These tumors were similar in histologic appearance to malignant schwannomas in humans. One tumor found in a fingerling coho salmon was identified as an ependymoblastoma. The Vectstain avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex immunoperoxidase staining procedure for S-100 protein revealed that the S-100 protein existed in an ependymoblastoma and in areas of typical nuclear palisading in a malignant schwannoma in coho salmon. The occurrence of soft tissue tumors in coho salmon was first recorded in Japan. The morphology and etiology of the present cases were compared with those of the tumors in salmon reported from the United States. Judging from the conditions in which the fish were reared, the development of these tumors was not related to halogenated compounds formed during water chlorination, as suggested previously. The environmental factor(s) responsible for their development has not yet been identified, and genetic influences may have been a contributory factor.

Animals↗

PubMed1985

[A clinicopathological study of 160 cases of mucinous carcinoma of the breast].

A clinicopathological study was performed on characteristics of mammary mucinous carcinoma and its 3 pathological subgroups: "gelatinous type"--with predominant mucin component, "epithelial type"--with predominant epithelial component, and "combined type"--with a small part of infiltrating ductal carcinoma and mucinous pattern. Among 4,653 primary breast cancers mastectomized at the C.I.H. between 1946 and 1981, 160 or 3.4% was mucinous carcinoma. They were divided into 106 gelatinous type, 20 epithelial type and 34 combined type. 10-year survival rate of mucinous carcinoma (75.3%) was better than whole breast cancer (65.6%). And it was 90.7%, 82.4% and 67.6% in gelatinous, epithelial and combined type, respectively.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗

PubMed1985

[Mastopathy associated with early breast cancer].

Using 436 cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma less than 2.0 cm in diameter mastectomized at the Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo, during 9 years from 1965 to 1973, association of mastopathy with breast cancer were analysed. Out of 436 cases, 128 (29.4%) were associated with mastopathy, and the association of mastopathy varied according to histologic type of breast cancer. The highest incidence was observed in carcinoma of papillotubular prototype and the lowest in carcinoma of medullary tubular prototype. Pure scirrhous carcinoma came between them. No correlationship was recognized between the grade of scirrhous stromal infiltration and incidence of mastopathy.

Adult↗