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Biomedical subjects

H Sugano

Publications and source records attributed to H Sugano.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Mucinous carcinoma of the breast in Japan. A prognostic analysis based on morphologic features.

In 175 women with mucinous carcinoma (MC) of the breast, the morphologic features, the clinicopathological features (age, tumor size, and nodal status) and prognoses were investigated. They were divided into two types, those with "unmixed type" (n = 140) showing no component of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and "mixed type" (n = 35) including an IDC component. The unmixed type showed less frequent (P less than 0.01) nodal involvement and a higher degree (P less than 0.005) of extracellular mucus production than the mixed type. The presence of nodal metastases showed no correlation with the degree of mucus production. The 10-year survival rate of the unmixed type (90.4%) was better (P less than 0.001) than in the mixed type (66.0%). In the unmixed type, a higher level of mucus production showed trends toward a better prognosis, younger age and smaller tumor size (P less than 0.01). In the mixed type, the degree of mucus production showed no significant correlation with either the age, tumor size, or prognosis. It is more important for the prognosis of patients with MC to have no IDC component than to show abundant mucus within the tumor.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1988

In vivo and in vitro effects of methylmercury on the activities of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in rat brain.

The activities of six aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase species were determined using enzyme preparations partially purified from the brains of control and methylmercury (MeHg)-treated rats. The activities of Asp-, Leu- and Tyr-tRNA synthetases were significantly reduced in the brains of MeHg-intoxicated rats, whereas those of Lys- and Met-tRNA synthetases remained unchanged. In contrast, the activity of His-tRNA synthetase was significantly increased in the symptomatic phase of MeHg intoxication. The activities of these six aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in the control brains were affected to different extents on the direct addition of MeHg to the assay system in vitro. No positive correlation was observed between the in vivo and in vitro effects of MeHg on the enzyme activities. These results indicate that the aminoacylation of tRNA is one of the actions of MeHg, which leads to inhibition of protein synthesis, and it is suggested that the syntheses of cellular proteins may be modified in different ways by MeHg, depending on their amino acid compositions.

Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases↗
PubMed1988

Microleiomyomas of human stomach.

The incidence and distribution of microleiomyomas occurring in human stomachs were investigated in a sample of 286 resected stomachs examined by a whole organ stepwise cutting method. Seventy-two micromyomatous lesions were found in 47 cases (16.4%), without any sexual predilection. Almost all lesions (94.4%) were less than 5 mm in diameter, the rest being in the range of 6 to 10 mm. Multiple lesions were found in 18 cases (38.3%). Histologically they were all benign leiomyomas. All 72 micromyomas were located in the upper half of the stomach; 22 (30.6%) were concentrated at the esophago-gastric junction. The predisposed site for micromyoma development exactly coincided with that area bearing an inner oblique muscle layer. The incidence of microleiomyoma was much lower, 2.2% (26/1,208), when specimens obtained by lower partial gastrectomy were studied for comparison. This indicated that variation in material investigated may be an important factor underlying the large discrepancies noted in previous reports concerning the incidence of microleiomyomas of the stomach.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Intramucosal cysts of the stomach. VIII: Histochemical studies.

Intramucosal cysts of the human stomach have been earlier classified on the basis of their epithelial lining into 1. fundic, 2. foveolar, 3. pyloric, 4. with intestinal metaplasia and 5. with ciliated metaplasia. Four histochemical methods (high iron diamine (HID)-Alcian blue pH 2.5 (AB), PAS, Concanavalin A (ConA), and Grimelius reaction were used. The cells of foveolar cysts contained neutral mucins and sialomucins, and those of pyloric cysts, neutral mucins, sialomucins, mannose-rich glycoprotein and argyrophilic material. The goblet cells in intestinal metaplastic cysts contained neutral mucins and sialomucins as well as sulphated mucins, while ciliated cells in ciliated metaplastic cysts demonstrated mannose-rich glycoproteins and argyrophilic material (although some ciliated cells were negative for both). The cells of fundic gland cysts were negative for all tested methods. The frequency of intramucosal gastric cysts is known to be high in stomachs having adenocarcinoma, and low in stomachs with peptic ulcers. Several reports have demonstrated alterations in the composition of gastric mucins in stomachs harbouring an adenocarcinoma. Consequently, the histochemical stains may prove of value to investigate the true significance of intramucosal cysts in gastric carcinogenesis.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1988

The electrophoretic pattern of urinary protein in in situ immune complex glomerulonephritis.

Urinary protein excreted in active in situ immune complex glomerulonephritis (ICGN) was qualitatively analyzed by the comparison of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) patterns of urinary proteins from rats with Masugi GN, active Heymann GN (AHGN), and chronic serum sickness GN (CSSGN). In the SDS-PAGE analysis of urinary protein excreted in the active in situ ICGN and Masugi GN models, 200- and 145-kD macromolecules and low molecular weight components around 12 kD were excreted in large quantities at the full development stage (greater than 100 mg/24 h urinary protein). These findings, however, were obscure or lacking in CSS-GN and AHGN at the peak of proteinuria. Electrophoretic patterns of urinary proteins including lower molecular weight proteins could be divided into two groups: either active in situ ICGN and Masugi GN or AHGN and CSSGN. These two groups corresponded to the differences of morphologic expression such as proliferative changes rather than degree of proteinuria. The location of immune complex formation and deposition, probably different among the experimental models, may play an important role for determining the mediation and nature of glomerular injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Lung cancer cases reported in the annual of pathological autopsy cases in Japan (1958-1982), with special reference to the characteristics of lung cancer in Japan].

There were 28,303 male and 9,540 female cases of lung cancer cases, comprising 8.5% and 4.4% of the total autopsies and 16.4% and 9.0% of all malignancies, respectively. The most frequent fatal malignant tumors were gastric cancer and lung cancer in both male and female. The relative incidence of gastric cancer was found to be decreasing, while that of lung cancer has increased. The major histological types of lung cancer in the male were adenocarcinoma (34%), sq. cell ca. (33%), small cell ca. (13%), and large cell ca. (9%). As for the female, they were adenocarcinoma (55%), sq. cell ca. (18%), small cell ca. (10%), and large cell ca. (7%). The peak age-group of cancer occurrence shifted from 60 years to 70 years for most of the major histological types in both sexes. The male/female ratio of lung cancer cases was 3.0 in total. This study has pointed out that the male/female ratio by age-group in each country is a very good reflection of histological distribution.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Early invasive mucinous carcinoma of the breast].

Cases of early invasive mucinous carcinoma of the breast have been reviewed. Microscopically, a typical lesion exhibits leakage of cancerous mucus into the stromal tissue from an intraductal carcinomatous component which were shown to be mucus-producing and to be lower papillary projection. Among 5,360 primary breast cancers that had been mastectomized at the C.I.H., 11 or 0.21% were determined as being "early" cases. All of these cases exhibited "pure type" mucinous carcinomas which were found to be highly mucus. The average age of these patients was 41 years (range: 34-51 yrs.), and no cases showed a nodal involvement. During an average follow-up of 8 years, no recurrent case were found. Thus, we have found that these "early" cases revealed an early invasion of a mucinous carcinoma that is highly mucus-producing but without an invasive ductal carcinomatous pattern.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1987

Studies on membrane proteins involved in ribosome binding on the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Ribophorins have no ribosome-binding activity.

A membrane protein fraction showing affinity for ribosomes was isolated from rat liver microsomes (microsomal fractions) in association with ribosomes by treatment of the microsomes with Emulgen 913 and then solubilized from the ribosomes with sodium deoxycholate. This protein fraction was separated into two fractions, glycoproteins, including ribophorins I and II, and non-glycoproteins, virtually free from ribophorins I and II, on concanavalin A-Sepharose columns. The two fractions were each reconstituted into liposomes to determine their ribosome-binding activities. The specific binding activity of the non-glycoprotein fraction was approx. 2.3-fold higher than that of the glycoprotein fraction. The recovery of ribosome-binding capacity of the two fractions was about 85% of the total binding capacity of the material applied to a concanavalin A-Sepharose column, and about 90% of it was found in the non-glycoprotein fraction. The affinity constants of the ribosomes for the reconstituted liposomes were somewhat higher than those for stripped rough microsomes. The mode of ribosome binding to the reconstituted liposomes was very similar to that to the stripped rough microsomes, in its sensitivity to proteolytic enzymes and its strong inhibition by increasing KCl concentration. These results support the idea that ribosome binding to rat liver microsomes is not directly mediated by ribophorins I and II, but that another unidentified membrane protein(s) plays a role in ribosome binding.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Decrease in protein phosphorylation in central and peripheral nervous tissues of methylmercury-treated rat.

The protein phosphorylation in extracts of nervous tissues of rats acutely exposed to methylmercury chloride (seven daily injections of 10 mg methylmercury chloride/kg body weight) was examined. In the brain, the phosphorylating activity was dependent on cAMP and Mg2+. The effect of methylmercury on the phosphorylation of brain proteins, including tubulin and MAP-2, was hardly discernible. In peripheral nervous tissues such as the dorsal and ventral roots, sciatic nerves and dorsal root ganglia, the phosphorylating activity was dependent on Ca2+, and the maximal activity was obtained when the tissues were extracted in the presence of 1% Triton X-100. SDS-Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that the major phosphorylated proteins in the peripheral tissues were myelin proteins. The effects of methylmercury were not uniform regarding protein species and tissues. The most marked changes were observed in sciatic nerves, in which phosphorylation of the 33 kDa, 28 kDa, 19 kDa, 18 kDa and 15 kDa proteins was significantly decreased in the symptomatic phase of intoxication.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[The influence of smoking on the development of various subtypes of pulmonary carcinoma].

The influence of smoking on the development of pulmonary carcinoma of various histological subtypes was analyzed in 244 primary and 84 metastatic lung cancer patients. The new WHO classification was used for histological diagnosis. The relative risk was calculated by the odds ratio. It was found that all the squamous, small-and large-cell carcinomas were derived from smokers with relative risks of 27.8, 7.5 and 5.6, respectively. On the other hand, adenocarcinoma had very little, if any, relationship with smoking, the relative risk being 1.5 in men and 1.3 in women. The high-risk group for squamous cell carcinoma in men was defined with a regression line of y (duration of smoking) on x (number of cigarettes per day) as y = -0.24 x + 48.6.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Intestinal metaplasia of the stomach in Swedish and Japanese patients without ulcers or carcinoma.

A systematic analysis of the cellular components of intestinal metaplasia (i.e., goblet cells with or without brush border cells and Paneth cells) was performed in endoscopic gastric biopsies from 984 patients without gastric ulcer or carcinoma; 359 Swedish and 625 Japanese patients. The Japanese patients, matched for age and sex, had twice as much intestinal metaplasia as the Swedes. The frequency of goblet cells and columnar cells with brush (absorptive) border increased with increasing age in both ethnic groups. Complete intestinal metaplasia (i.e. the presence of at least two or all three cellular components) was twice as frequent in the Japanese. This may reflect differences in the environment (including food habits) of the gastric mucosa in the two populations. Structural mucosal changes (i.e. pseudo-villus formations) were found more than twice as often in the Japanese. Since pseudo-villus changes occurred as often as goblet cells and brush border cells in both groups, it is suggested that the above-mentioned mucosal structural change should be considered for inclusion among the histological criteria of intestinal metaplasia of the stomach. Incomplete intestinal metaplasia (i.e. the occurrence of goblet cells without the other cellular components) occurred in similar proportions in the two populations. The present findings support the theory that incomplete intestinal metaplasia may be a para- rather than a preneoplastic phenomenon.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Incidence of squamous metaplasia in large bronchi of Japanese lungs: relation to pulmonary carcinomas of various subtypes.

The incidence of bronchial squamous metaplasia in Japanese lungs was investigated in order to clarify the significance of this lesion for the development of lung cancer of various histological subtypes. The bronchi of 104 and 32 lungs resected, respectively, for primary or metastatic tumors were step-sectioned and examined histologically. The incidence of squamous metaplasia was particularly high (83% of cases, 8-11% of sections) in male lungs bearing primary squamous or small cell carcinoma whereas it was low (43% of cases, 3% of sections) in lungs of both sexes with adenocarcinoma, the latter figures being about the same as those for lungs with secondary metastatic tumors. Although the overall incidence of lung squamous metaplasia in Japanese is much lower than in the U.S., the present data demonstrate a high level in association with squamous or small cell carcinoma, directly comparable to that of Americans. However, atypical metaplasia, or dysplasia, was encountered much less frequently than in the U.S. A topographical study of 7 minute or small squamous cell carcinomas revealed 3 to have adjacent and 2 to have nearby areas of squamous metaplasia. However, 2 cases were found to be completely free of squamous metaplastic lesion. Thus, squamous metaplasia may be associated with the development of squamous cell carcinoma but would appear not to be an obligatory step in the development of this neoplasm.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1987

[Histology and prognosis of endometrial carcinoma].

The relationship between the histology and prognosis has been analyzed, using 608 surgically removed uterus with endometrial carcinoma. Among the uterus studied, 506 cases (92%) were determined as being an adenocarcinoma, endometrial type, including adenoacanthomas. This type of carcinoma showed a favourable postoperative survival rate (83.3%), when compared to serous adenocarcinomas (65.8%), clear cell (mesonephroid) adenocarcinomas (32.4%), and adenosquamous carcinomas (63.7%). Among adenocarcinomas of the endometrial type, these with a well differentiated variant showed a better prognosis than others. The squamous component of the adenoacanthoma was found to play no significant role in the prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Spindle cell squamous carcinoma of the lung--two case reports].

Two cases of spindle cell squamous carcinoma of the lung are presented. Both cases were female heavy smokers aged 73 and 55. The carcinomas, 7.5 and 6.0 cm in diameter respectively, were located at the peripheral portion of the right lower lung lobes. Direct invasion to the diaphragma and metastasis to the chest wall were observed in the first case but no metastasis was observed in the second case. Histologically, both carcinomas showed a biphasic appearance due to the presence of a squamous cell carcinoma component and a spindle cell sarcomatous component with marked cellular pleomorphism, but no neoplastic bone, cartilage or muscle. Transitional area of two components were seen in the second case.

Aged↗