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Biomedical subjects

H Sakaguchi

Publications and source records attributed to H Sakaguchi.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[A study of allopurinol in the prevention of recurrent calcium oxalate stones].

We studied the effect of allopurinol on the prevention of stone recurrence in 134 patients with recurrent, idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis. They consisted of 113 male patients and 21 female, between 16 and 72 years with an average age of 42.7. The patients were divided into two groups according to the type of stone occurrence; those with multiple stones without previous stone episodes (multiple stone group), and the those with recurrent stones (stone episode group). Twenty three patients belonged to the multiple stone group and 111 patients belonged to the stone episode group. The stones in 19 of the 23 patients in the multiple stone group remained stable throughout the study, while stones in 4 grew. Fifty-nine of the 111 patients in the stone episode group were free from recurrence, but the others showed recurrence. Statistical analyses was done on the stone episode group. The stone recurrence rate of all of the 111 cases showed significant decrease during prophylactic treatment with allopurinol (p less than 0.01), although the observation period before treatment was 73.0 +/- 65.8 months and that during and after treatment was 28.2 +/- 12.1 months. During the two years before and after prophylaxis 79 patients also showed a significantly decreased recurrence rate. Moreover, regarding 37 cases without any stones at the start of treatment, stone recurrence rate decreased significantly after the administration of allopurinol. Throughout this study, we used a new method for evaluating reasonable stone recurrence. It did not calculate the number of stones recurred, but the stone-forming circumstance in each kidney.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Effects of amino acids on cat red nucleus neurons in vitro.

Intracellular records were obtained from neurons in the region of the red nucleus (RN) of cat brain slices. Both EPSPs and IPSPs were recorded in response to local electrical stimulation and these resembled similar electrophysiological responses observed in experiments conducted in vivo. Monosynaptic and polysynaptic IPSPs were observed, suggesting the existence of inhibitory interneurons near or within the RN region. When added to the bathing solution, L-glutamate and L-aspartate depolarized RN neurons with a decrease in input resistance. gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine hyperpolarized the cells with a decrease in input resistance. GABA also elicited a depolarizing response. These amino acid actions had direct postsynaptic effects, since the experiments were conducted in a low Ca2+/high Mg2+ medium which blocked synaptic transmission.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

An experimental model of calcification in the vessel wall.

Multiple angiolytic changes of the mesenteric arteries due to administration of vast amounts of Na2EDTA into the peritoneal cavity of guinea pigs have already been demonstrated by Yamaguchi et al. (1981 a, b). In this experiment, one week after Na2EDTA administration calcium lactate was administered in the same manner. As a result calcium deposition was observed in the intimal elastic fibers, in and at the collagenous fibers and intermuscular spaces of lytic and ensuing dilatated areas of the vascular wall. This suggests that dystrophic calcification might be induced by conjugation of calcium ions to the free negative charges of acid mucopolysaccharides (aMPS) which are the main component of the above structural elements.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1984

Ultrastructure of renal glomerular hematoxylin bodies.

Hematoxylin bodies are considered to be the only pathognomonic feature of systemic lupus erythematosus. In this paper, the ultrastructure of hematoxylin bodies is described in a patient with active lupus glomerulonephritis. For identification of hematoxylin bodies, electron micrographs at low magnification were compared with hematoxylin-eosin-stained, Epon-embedded sections from the same block. One electron micrograph at low magnification displayed a whole glomerulus. The bodies were then studied under higher magnification. Hematoxylin bodies were usually in and around the mesangial cells or in the monocytes in mesangial areas. The bodies appeared to contain elements of cellular origin, i.e., aggregates of clumped chromatin, degenerated granules, vesicles, and vacuoles. Sometimes they also contained electron-dense substances of the same density as electron-dense deposits in the mesangial and subendothelial areas.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Twenty-seven children with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: correlation between the segmental location of the glomerular lesions and prognosis.

Twenty-seven children with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) were studied for clinical and pathological manifestations in order to determine whether the location of the sclerotic lesions bears prognostic implications. There were 11 children with peripheral FSGS and 16 with hilar FSGS. During a mean follow-up period of 6 years, 10 of the 16 with hilar FSGS developed renal failure (GFR less than 20 ml/min/m2) but all of the 11 with peripheral FSGS maintained normal renal function. We suggest that FSGS may be divided into a hilar type with poor prognosis and a peripheral type with benign prognosis. It is conceivable that these two groups represent etiologically different entities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Study on the catecholamine-containing fibers in the vagus].

To clarify the nature and the origin of the catecholamine in the vagus, a quantitative estimation of dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine in the human abdomen, canine cervical and supradiaphragmatic vagus was performed. The human abdominal vagus was obtained during surgical operations. The canine cervical vagus was taken out with superior cervical ganglion and its branch between superior cervical ganglion and vagal trunk. The canine supradiaphragmatic vagus was ligated doubly. The control segment (between two ligatures) was removed immediately after the ligations. The proximal segment (1 cm above the cranial ligature) and the distal segment (1 cm below the caudal ligature) were taken out four hours after the ligations. The human and canine vagus contained dopamine and norepinephrine not epinephrine. The canine cervical vagus, which was cranial part to the unite of the branch from the superior cervical ganglion, contained dopamine and norepinephrine. Dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the proximal segment was greater than that in the control segment. Dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the distal segment was less than that in the control segment. Based on these results, it is concluded that: (1) catecholamine s in the human and canine vagus are dopamine and norepinephrine not epinephrine; (2) the catecholamine-containing fibers in the canine vagus originate partially in the vagal trunk; (3) dopamine and norepinephrine may be transported distally in the canine vagus.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Release of endogenous GABA from the cat red nucleus slices.

The release of endogenous gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from the cat red nucleus was studied in a slice preparation. Potassium-induced depolarization caused a release of GABA in a calcium-dependent manner. The release of GABA was also induced by veratrine and blocked by tetrodotoxin. The demonstration of release satisfies one of the important criteria for identification of GABA as the inhibitory neurotransmitter.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Diagnostic monitoring of plasma levels of glucose and insulin during surgery for insulinoma.

With serial measurement of blood sugar levels during surgery in three patients with solitary insulinoma, we confirmed the location, then later, the complete elimination of the insulin-secreting tumor. Following vigorous massage of the tumor, blood sugar levels decreased while the levels progressively increased within 20 min following removal of the tumor. Subsequent measurement of simultaneous plasma insulin levels provided further confirmation. Plasma levels of insulin increased in accordance with massage of the tumor. Prior to removal of the tumor, the levels progressively decreased to less than the preoperative levels. For success in detecting slight changes in blood sugar levels secondary to increase or decrease of insulin secretion during surgery for insulinoma, (1) controlled infusion of glucose to keep blood sugar levels around 80 mg/dl and (2) frequent rapid determination of blood sugar levels are considered to be important.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1983

Developmental changes of amniotic fluid alpha-fetoprotein subfractions in early gestation.

Using both concanavalin A crossed-line affinity immunoelectrophoresis and lentil lectin crossed-line affinity immunoelectrophoresis, developmental changes of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) subfractions were studied in 11 samples of human amniotic fluid obtained between 43 and 121 days of gestation. In the amniotic fluid at 43 or 48 days of gestation, only subfractions produced by the yolk sac were evident. The initial appearance of the subfractions produced by the fetal liver was first detected at 51 days of gestation. Percentages of liver-originated subfractions rose rapidly with gestational age and reached a level of 50% at 54 days of gestation. The subfractions produced by the yolk sac disappeared from the amniotic fluid at 121 days of gestation. These findings suggest that, in early gestation, the yolk sac is mainly responsible for the fetal AFP synthesis and that initiation of AFP production by the fetal liver takes place between 48 and 51 days of gestation. In the present study, attention was also given to the origin of four subfractions separated by the lentil lectin crossed-line affinity immunoelectrophoresis.

Amniotic Fluid↗