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Biomedical subjects

H Otsuka

Publications and source records attributed to H Otsuka.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

The coexistence of lobular carcinoma in a fibroadenoma with a malignant phyllodes tumor in the opposite breast: report of a case.

It is very unusual for a carcinoma of the breast to coexist with a phyllodes tumor, or for a carcinoma to arise within a fibroadenoma. We present herein an extremely rare case of lobular carcinoma in situ arising in a fibroadenoma, associated with a malignant phyllodes tumor in the opposite breast. A 49-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with a large mass in the right breast and a small mass in the left breast. Microscopic examination of biopsy materials revealed a malignant phyllodes tumor in the right breast and a fibroadenoma in the left breast, for which a right standard radical mastectomy and left lumpectomy were performed. Microscopic findings of the material excised from the left breast showed the presence of multiple lobular carcinoma in situ within the tumor mass of the fibroadenoma. However, histological examination did not detect any metastasis to the bilateral axillary lymph nodes. To our knowledge this is the only such case ever to be reported in Japan.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1993

Hypertensive crisis during the resection of an adrenal tumor in primary aldosteronism.

Primary aldosteronism is one of the few causes of hypertension which is subject to total surgical treatment, but a hypertensive crisis can occur during the resection of the adrenal tumor. We undertook this study to evaluate the relationship between hormonal factors and a hypertensive crisis during surgery. Sixteen patients with primary aldosteronism who were scheduled for the resection of an adrenal tumor were participated in this investigation. Hormonal factors and hemodynamic variables were evaluated before induction of anesthesia, after induction of anesthesia, 30 minutes after the incision, during tumor manipulation, during resection, and immediately after surgery. During tumor manipulation, a hypertensive crisis occurred in six patients (hypertensive group; HG) but not in any others (non-hypertensive group; NHG). There were no differences in hormonal levels, except epinephrine, during tumor manipulation between HG and NHG. Hemodynamic evaluations revealed an increase of systemic vascular resistance during the hypertensive crisis. We conclude that the hypertensive crisis during the manipulation of an adrenal tumor is caused by the rapid release of epinephrine from the manipulated adrenal gland.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1993

Mast cell quantitation in nasal polyps, sinus mucosa and nasal turbinate mucosa.

The distribution and abundance of mast cells in nasal polyps, the maxillary sinus mucosa of patients with sinusitis and the turbinate mucosa of allergic rhinitis was microscopically examined using different methods of fixation. In the epithelium of the surface and the ducts of nasal polyps (n = 8), the mean number of mast cells was over 20,000 per mm3 using Mota's fixation and the increase was correlated with the epithelial thickness (P < 0.05). On the other hand those of the maxillary sinus mucosa (n = 6) and the nasal turbinate mucosa (n = 7) were less than 6,000 per mm3. In the subepithelial layer or areas deeper than the area with the glands, however, mast cell counts were less than 3,200 per mm3 in all diseases. More than 70-90 per cent of all mast cells in the epithelium of the mucosal surface and the ducts of the polyp, the maxillary sinus mucosa and nasal turbinates were formalin sensitive. Most of the mast cells in the subepithelial and deeper areas were formalin resistant in all diseases. These results suggest that conditions for mast cell growth differ between polyps and the other diseases, and that the conditions which affect mast cells may contribute to polyp development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Localization of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-like immunoreactivity in neural circuits innervating the gastrocnemius muscle, with reference to the direction of bFGF transport.

An antiserum against basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), characterized by immunoblot, was firstly used to immunolocalize bFGF-like materials in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, spinal motoneurons and their processes innervating the gastrocnemius muscle, and then secondly to determine the direction of bFGF transport in the processes by nerve ligation or nerve section experiments. Light and electron-microscopic immunohistochemistry revealed that significant numbers of DRG neurons (mainly of the large type), spinal motoneurons and their processes supplying the muscle are immunoreactive for bFGF, and that the bFGF neurons have diffuse immunoreaction deposits over the entire cytoplasmic areas except for the Golgi complex, mitochondria and microfilaments. Nerve terminals and glial processes with bFGF were rarely seen in contact with or in close apposition to the immunopositive neurons. At sixteen hours, 3 days and 7 days after unilateral ligation or transection of the sciatic nerve, bFGF fibers accumulated in a time-dependent way in the proximal but not in the distal stump; nerve transection caused a more intense accumulation of bFGF-immunoreactive fibers than did nerve ligation. These findings suggest that bFGF in large DRG neurons and motoneurons is transported anterogradely into the peripheral tissue, possibly without being incorporated into secretory granules or synaptic vesicles. They raise the possibility that bFGF within the transected nerve fibers is more actively conveyed during regeneration than in the ligated nerve fibers.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

An immunohistochemical study of epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin, and vimentin in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Recognition of lethal and favorable prognostic types.

METHODS: Immunoreactivity for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), cytokeratin, and vimentin was investigated in 15 papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) with distant metastases, 25 PTC without distant metastases, and 34 occult PTC without distant metastases that were found incidentally at autopsy. RESULTS: More than 50% of the tumor cells were positive for EMA in 7 (47%) of 15 PTC with distant metastases, 0 (0%) of 25 PTC without distant metastases, and 1 (3%) of 34 occult PTC. The incidence of EMA positivity in PTC with distant metastases was significantly different from that of both PTC without distant metastases and occult PTC (P < 0.001). Cytokeratin reactivity was similar in the three groups, and almost all PTC stained strongly for cytokeratin. Concerning vimentin positivity, there were no significant differences in three groups; however, PTC with distant metastases tended to stain more weakly or focally than PTC without distant metastases or occult PTC. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that EMA reactivity may be a useful factor for anticipating the individual risk of distant metastasis or death from PTC at the time of initial surgical treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Expression of porcine pseudorabies virus genes by a bovine herpesvirus-1 (infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus) vector.

Recombinant DNA techniques were used to insert foreign genes into bovine herpesvirus-1 [infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV)] vectors which were attenuated by deletion and/or insertion mutations in the IBRV thymidine kinase (tk) gene. In one recombinant, the regulatory and coding sequences of the late pseudorabies virus (PRV) glycoprotein gIII gene, were inserted into the early IBRV tk gene. This recombinant efficiently expressed the PRV gIII gene indicating that immediate early IBRV proteins were competent to transactivate the late PRV gIII gene. IBRV vector viruses were also prepared in which the coding sequences of the early PRV tk gene, the late PRV gIII gene, and the E. coli beta-galactosidase gene were ligated to the late IBRV gIII promoter. Genotypes and phenotypes of the recombinant viruses were verified by restriction endonuclease and molecular hybridization experiments, thymidine plaque autoradiography, beta-gal plaque assays, and by immunoprecipitation experiments on extracts from 3H-mannose-labelled cells. The recombinant IBRV expressing beta-gal from the IBRV gIII promoter has been useful as an intermediate in the construction of IBRV vectors harboring foreign DNA sequences. The infectivity of the IBRV recombinant that expressed PRV gIII from the IBRV gIII promoter, was neutralized by polyclonal PRV antisera and by monoclonal antibodies to PRV gIII. The PRV gIII glycoprotein synthesized by the preceding recombinant has been used to coat microtiter test plate wells in a PRV gIII differential diagnostic test kit.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Does propofol enhance GABA-mediated inhibition?

The effects of propofol on synaptic transmission were characterized and compared with pentobarbital in the rat hippocampal slice preparation. Hippocampal CA1 population spike after stimulation of Schaffer collaterals indicated that the postsynaptic response was primarily mediated by non-N-methyl-D-aspartate class glutamate receptors since it was abolished by the presence of 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX). Propofol and pentobarbital depressed CA1 population spike amplitude in a dose dependent fashion. Dose-response curves for population spike amplitudes were determined for propofol and pentobarbital and the concentrations producing a half-maximum response (ED(50)) were 110 microM and 160 microM for propofol and pentobarbital, respectively. By contrast, when GABA A-mediated inhibition was blocked by addition of 100 microM pictotoxin, propofol, in concentrations up to 400 microM had no significant effect on population spike amplitudes. These results suggest that propofol attenuates synaptic transmission in the central nervous system in part by enhancing GABA A-mediated inhibition and not by depressing glutamate-mediated excitation, as occurs with pentobarbital.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1992

Blocking ELISA for distinguishing infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV)-infected animals from those vaccinated with a gene-deleted marker vaccine.

A sensitive and specific blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to distinguish infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV)-infected animals from those immunized with a glycoprotein gIII deletion mutant, IBRV(NG)dltkdlgIII. For this ELISA, undiluted test sera are used to block the binding of an anti-IBRV gIII monoclonal antibody (mAbgIII)-horseradish peroxidase (HRPO) conjugate to gIII antigen. TMB substrate is used for color development. Negative S/N values (defined as the absorbance at 650 nm of test sera/absorbance at 650 nm of negative control sera) of > 0.80 were obtained with immune sera from gnotobiotic cattle immunized with several bovine viruses, with bovine antisera to bovine herpesvirus-2, and vesicular stomatitis virus, with porcine antisera to pseudorabies virus and parvovirus, and with normal sera from heterologous species. Negative S/N values were also obtained with sera from rabbits twice vaccinated with IBRV(NG)dltkdlgIII. However, the S/N values became positive (S/N < 0.8) 10 to 17 days after the rabbits were challenge exposed to virulent IBRV(Cooper). Most of 116 sera (84%) from feedlot cattle with virus neutralization (VN) titers of < 1:2 or < 1:4 had negative S/N values > 0.8, but 18 sera with negative VN titers had positive S/N values, consistent with observations indicating that an IBRV outbreak was occurring in one of the feedlot herds. Thirty nine sera (98%) from feedlot cattle with VN titers of 1:2 to 1:128 had positive S/N values (< 0.8). One serum with a VN titer of 1:2 had a borderline (+/-) S/N value of 0.81. After immunization with a commercial gIII-positive IBRV vaccine, 115/116 sera with VN titers of 1:2 to 1:256 had positive S/N values (< 0.8). One serum with a VN titer of 1:2 had a negative S/N value of 0.83. Serum from one vaccinated animal that failed to seroconvert after vaccination (VN < 1:4) showed a strongly positive ELISA S/N of 0.48.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A sero-epidemiological study on mother-to-child transmission of HTLV-I in southern Kyushu, Japan.

In vertical transmission of HTLV-I the duration of breast-feeding seems to be an important risk factor. In this study, we made prospective and retrospective surveys on the rate of vertical transmission of HTLV-I in infants and their siblings born to HTLV-I seropositive mothers. The results obtained were as follows. (1) In the prospective study, 885 of the 16,283 pregnant women examined were HTLV-I seropositive, and the seropositive rate was 5.4%. The seroconversion rates of short-term (< 7 months) and long-term (> or = 7 months) breast-feeders were 3.8% (1/26 cases) and 25.0% (1/4 cases) respectively, and the rate of bottle-feeders was 5.6% (10/177 cases). Short-term breast-feeding tended to yield a lower seroconversion rate of infants. In addition, the seroconversion rate of short-term breast-feeders was nearly equal to that of bottle-feeders: 3.8% vs. 5.6%. (2) In the retrospective study, the seroconversion rates of short-term and long-term breast-feeders in their siblings were 4.5% (3/67 cases) and 14.0% (19/136 cases) respectively. There was a significant difference between the 2 groups (p < 0.01). Thus, the results of our retrospective and prospective studies suggest that short-term breast-feeding might lessen the risk of breast-milk-borne transmission of HTLV-I from carrier mothers to their children.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effects of long-term xamoterol in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.

In prospective study, the beta 1-partial agonist xamoterol (200 mg daily) was given to 26 patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in addition to conventional therapy with digitalis, diuretics and vasodilators. The patients were followed for 35 +/- 15 months (6-53 months). Cardiothoracic ratio (CTR), left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVDD) and exercise heart rate decreased, and exercise duration, fractional shortening (FS) and ejection fraction (EF) increased after xamoterol therapy. Twenty-one patients survived and one patient dropped out at 7 months. Twelve of the 20 patients improved their NYHA functional class. Blood norepinephrine concentration (NE), LVDD, FS, EF and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) after xamoterol were significantly better in survivors than in non-survivors. Survival rate at 3 years was 83%. The results suggest that adjunctive xamoterol therapy in DCM has a beneficial effect on hemodynamics and symptoms. Prognosis will be satisfactory if improvement in parameters such as NE, LVDD, FS, EF and PCWP is seen during xamoterol therapy.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1992

Block of sodium channels by tyramine and its analogue (N-feruloyl tyramine) in frog ventricular myocytes.

Pharmacological effects of tyramine and its analogue, N-feruloyl tyramine (NFT), on sodium and calcium currents in frog ventricular myocytes were examined using the whole-cell voltage-clamp technique. To improve the temporal and spatial control of the membrane potential, sodium currents (INa) were recorded in 45.5 mM [Na+]o at 10 degrees C. Both tyramine and NFT (1-100 microM) induced a concentration-dependent decrease in INa evoked from a holding potential of -80 mV without affecting a change in either the time to peak or the time constant for the falling phase of INa. Similarly the reversal potential for INa remained unchanged at a value close to that predicted from the Nernst equation. The finding that both tyramine and NFT decreased INa when activated maximally, from a holding potential of -120 mV, indicates that the amplitude of INa can be reduced independently of a change in the kinetics of the current. In addition, tyramine (100 microM) shifted the membrane potential for half maximal inactivation (Vh) of the steady-state inactivation (h infinity)-curve from -74 to -84 mV without affecting its slope. In contrast, NFT failed to affect the h infinity-curve. The calcium current (ICa) recorded in the presence of 0.3 microM TTX was not affected by either 100 microM tyramine or NFT. We concluded that tyramine directly blocks Na channel by shifting h infinity-curve and by suppressing maximum Na channel conductance, while NFT suppresses only maximum Na channel conductance.

Animals↗