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Biomedical subjects

H Ono

Publications and source records attributed to H Ono.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Motion parallax judgements of depth as a function of the direction and type of head movement.

We compared the relative effectiveness of rotating or translating the head, either horizontally or vertically, on the perception of depth resulting from motion parallax. Using Rogers and Graham's (1979) paradigm, we yoked the movement of random dots on a screen to movements of the head, simulating a corrugated surface. In two experiments, subjects nulled the apparent depth or motion seen in the display. Horizontal head movements yielded the most precise depth judgements, irrespective of whether the head translated or rotated. Motion thresholds were higher than those for depth and were independent of direction of head movement. In a third experiment, suprathreshold stimuli that simulated differing amounts of depth were used, and the subjects' perception of depth was virtually the same for all types and directions of head movement. In our stimulus situation, rotating or translating the head either vertically or horizontally produced motion parallax cues for depth that were equally effective. Our results also showed that, within a range, retinal image motion from head movement is converted into a depth signal and that above that range location constancy breaks down and motion is seen.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Glucose reduces PDGF production and cell proliferation of cultured vascular endothelial cells.

The effect of glucose on PDGF production and cell proliferation was studied on cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells. PDGF levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique newly developed in our laboratory. The cell proliferation rate was determine on the basis of 3H-thymidine incorporation into cellular DNA. PDGF levels in culture medium were below the detection limit of the assay. However, PDGF levels were measurable in cultured endothelial cells at confluence. Both PDGF production and thymidine incorporation were significantly reduced in the endothelial cells cultured with high concentrations of glucose. These results suggest that reduced PDGF production and cell proliferation may be involved in altered vascular endothelial function in diabetics.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Antihypertensive effects of cicletanine and renal protection in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.

We designed experiments to reveal the antihypertensive properties of cicletanine, a novel antihypertensive drug, in Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl-S) rats. Cicletanine (39 mg/kg body weight per day for 6 weeks) ameliorated the development of hypertension in Dahl-S rats fed a high-salt (4% NaCl) diet. This blood pressure reduction was associated with a decrease in heart weight and vascular wall thickness. Moreover, urinary prostacyclin (PGl2) excretion was increased with cicletanine treatment, being inversely related to systolic blood pressure. Proteinuria and urinary excretion of n-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase were decreased and glomerular filtration rate was increased with this treatment. Morphological investigation revealed an improvement in glomerulosclerosis, renal tubular damage and intrarenal arterial injury in the salt-induced hypertensive rats. In contrast, trichloromethiazide, which decreased blood pressure to the same extent as cicletanine, lowered urinary PGl2 excretion and generally did not ameliorate the deteriorated renal functions and morphological abnormalities. Thus, these data indicate that cicletanine ameliorates the development of hypertension in Dahl-S rats and protects the cardiovascular and renal systems against the injuries seen in the hypertension. The enhanced vasodepressor PGl2 synthesis probably participates, to some extent, in these beneficial properties of long-term cicletanine treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

HLA in systemic scleroderma (PSS) and familial scleroderma.

HLA in systemic scleroderma (PSS), including three familial cases, is reported. Three families in which one sister developed PSS and another sister suffered from either PSS (family 1), mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) (family 2), or Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) (family 3) were described. The elder sister in family 1 died of respiratory insufficiency caused by scleroderma lung. The sisters in family 2 both had SjS, anti SS-A antibodies, and HLA A2-Bw55-Cw1-DRw8 haplotype in common. The elder sister with PSS in family 3 also had SjS and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. HLA in 28 PSS patients including these 3 familial cases were analyzed with 4 MCTD and 4 generalized morphea patients. HLA A2, Bw46, DR2, DRw8, DRw6 and DQw1 antigens were more frequently found in the PSS patients than in the controls. HLA DRw6 was the only antigen that was positive in common in the 3 familial cases. In those patients with anti topoisomerase I antibodies, HLA DR2 antigen was found more frequently than in the controls. Some, but not all, of these results were similar to the previous reports on HLA in PSS. Further investigations on more patients and the other members of these families would be necessary to clarify the significance of these results.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Human tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes transfected with tumor necrosis factor gene could augment cytotoxicity to autologous tumor cells.

Human tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from pleural or ascitic fluid were incubated with recombinant interleukin 2 and transfected with human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha gene by the lipofection procedure. The resulting TILs secreted significant amounts of TNF in the culture supernatant and exhibited cytotoxicity against established cell lines, such as K562 and Daudi, and autologous tumor cells. The TNF gene-transfected TILs exhibited an augmented killing of autologous tumor cells.

Ascites↗
PubMed1991

[Bacteriological examination of infections in the field of oral surgery].

Etiology of bacterial infections in the field of oral surgery was studied. A total of 270 samples collected from patients with encapsulated abscess in their oral cavities was examined and bacteria were isolated from the 244 samples (90.4%). The following results were found; 1) Organisms more than one from one sample were frequently isolated from cases with parodontitis, pericoronitis and gnathitis. Isolation of anaerobic bacteria was common (54.2%). 2) Streptococcus milleri and Streptococcus sanguis and Capnocytophaga species were the most common isolates among aerobic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, respectively. 3) Peptostreptococcus micros and Eubacterium lentum were most frequent isolates among gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. Among gram-negative bacteria, Oral Group Bacteroides, especially Bacteroides gingivalis, Bacteroides intermedius, Bacteroides buccae and Bacteroides oralis were most prominent. 4) Isolation frequency of bacteria (both species and strains) was high from samples obtained from patients before antibiotic chemotherapy. 5) Most strains were sensitive to Midecamycin acetate and Josamycin. Minimum inhibitory concentration of 80% isolates (MIC80) against these antibiotics was 0.39 microgram/ml.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1991

Cloning and nucleotide sequencing of a novel 7 beta-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanic acid acylase gene of Bacillus laterosporus and its expression in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis.

A strain of Bacillus species which produced an enzyme named glutaryl 7-ACA acylase which converts 7 beta-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanic acid (glutaryl 7-ACA) to 7-amino cephalosporanic acid (7-ACA) was isolated from soil. The gene for the glutaryl 7-ACA acylase was cloned with pHSG298 in Escherichia coli JM109, and the nucleotide sequence was determined by the M13 dideoxy chain termination method. The DNA sequence revealed only one large open reading frame composed of 1,902 bp corresponding to 634 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence contained a potential signal sequence in its amino-terminal region. Expression of the gene for glutaryl 7-ACA acylase was performed in both E. coli and Bacillus subtilis. The enzyme preparations purified from either recombinant strain of E. coli or B. subtilis were shown to be identical with each other as regards the profile of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and were composed of a single peptide with the molecular size of 70 kDa. Determination of the amino-terminal sequence of the two enzyme preparations revealed that both amino-terminal sequences (the first nine amino acids) were identical and completely coincided with residues 28 to 36 of the open reading frame. Extracellular excretion of the enzyme was observed in a recombinant strain of B. subtilis.

Amidohydrolases↗
PubMed1991

Pharmacology of a phosphorus-containing novel angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, SQ 29 852 in anesthetized dogs.

The effects of (S)-1[6-amino-2[[hydrozy(4- phenylbutyl)phosphinyl]oxy]-1-oxohexyl]-L-proline (SQ 29 852), a phosphorus-containing novel angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), which is synthesized aiming an ACEI with long-lasting activity and with few side effects, were studied using anesthetized dogs. SQ 29 852 was equipotent with captopril to modify blood pressure response of the animals to angiotensin I (Ang I) and bradykinin (Bdk). An intravenous infusion of SQ 29 852 at 0.1 mg/kg/min for 30 min caused a remarkable hypotension without reflex tachycardia in open-chest dogs. In these animals cardiac contractility (dP/dtmax of left ventricular pressure) appeared to be reduced by SQ 29 852 without any changes in right atrial pressure (RAP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and aortic blood flow (AoF, cardiac output). In sodium-restricted dogs, the hypotension and renal vasodilation by SQ 29 852 (at 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/kg, i.v.) were slightly pronounced compared with animals fed with normal diet. It is demonstrated from these results that SQ 29 852 has comparable potency with captopril to inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity and as common a pharmacological profile as ACEI. SQ 29 852 may be a favorable antihypertensive agent, if its long-lasting activity and few side effects are confirmed.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1991

[Studies on the metabolic fate of gomisin A (TJN-101). II. Absorption and excretion in CCl4 treated rats].

The absorption and excretion of gomisin A (TJN-101) in rats whose livers were injured by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) were investigated. After intravenous administration of TJN-101 at a dose of 5 mg/kg, the terminal elimination half-life was 1.5 h in the CCl4-treated rats, which was two times that in normal rats. The mean area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC) value of TJN-101 in the CCl4-treated rats was twice that in normal rats, and this difference was significant (p less than 0.05). Therefore, the total body clearance of TJN-101 in the CCl4-treated rats decreased less than half of that in normal rats. Similar results were observed when it was administered orally. In the CCl4-treated rats, the serum concentration of Met. B, which was identified as a demethylenated substance and one of major metabolites, tended to decrease more than that in normal rats. On the other hand, the cumulative biliary excretion ratio of TJN-101 in 24 h after dosing in the CCl4-treated rats was 2.5 times that in normal rats. The excretion rate of Met. B in the bile in the CCl4-treated rats tended to be delayed. However, the quantitative variance of biliary excretion of Met. B was not found in both groups. The urinary excretion of TJN-101 or Met. B in 72 h after dosing in the CCl4-treated rats was lower than that in normal rats. Similar results were also observed in excretion in the feces.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

2-phenylethylamine and methamphetamine enhance the spinal monosynaptic reflex by releasing noradrenaline from the terminals of descending fibers.

Experiments were performed on spinalized rats transected at C1. Intravenous administration of 2-phenylethylamine-HCl (PEA-HCl) (0.3 and 1 mg/kg, i.v.) and methamphetamine-HCl (MAP-HCl) (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg, i.v.) increased the amplitude of the monosynaptic reflex (MSR). The increase of the MSR caused by PEA and MAP was antagonized by prazosin-HCl and abolished by the pretreatment with reserpine (i.p.) and 6-hydroxydopamine (intracisternally, 14 days previously). A dopamine D1 antagonist, SK&F 83566-HBr (0.01 mg/kg, i.v.), and a D2 antagonist. YM-09151-2 (0.3 mg/kg, i.v.), did not antagonize the increasing effects produced by PEA and MAP. An inhibitor of type-B monoamine oxidase, (-)deprenyl-HCl (1 mg/kg, i.v.), prolonged the effect of PEA but not that of MAP, suggesting that PEA alone, and not its metabolites, enhanced the MSR. These results suggest that PEA and MAP increase the amplitude of the MSR by releasing noradrenaline from the terminals of descending noradrenergic fibers, and that PEA, an endogenous trace amine, has a mechanism of action similar to that of MAP.

2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-ben↗
PubMed1991

Actions of FRC-8653 on smooth muscle cells of the rabbit mesenteric artery.

In ring preparations of the rabbit mesenteric artery, the Ca-contraction, but not the noradrenaline (NA)-contraction, was inhibited by FRC-8653 (10(-9)-10(-5) M) in a concentration-dependent manner, although with a potency 50-100 times weaker than that of nicardipine. The actions of FRC-8653 on Ca-contraction appeared more slowly (over 1 hr) than those of nicardipine. FRC-8653 (up to 10(-5) M) and nicardipine (up to 10(-7) M) did not change the resting membrane potential of smooth muscles. The amplitude of the evoked excitatory junction potential (e.j.p.) was inhibited by FRC-8653, but not by nicardipine, with no alteration in the facilitation process of the e.j.p.s. The inhibition by FRC-8653 of the e.j.p. appeared rapidly and was reversible. FRC-8653 inhibited the membrane depolarization of smooth muscles elicited by ATP, but not by NA or high [K+]o solution. ATP-induced contractions were also inhibited by FRC-8653. The amplitudes of action potentials evoked by current stimuli were decreased by FRC-8653, with no significant change in the electrotonic potentials. Thus, FRC-8653 has properties similar to those of the dihydropyridine Ca-antagonists, but differs from them in that 1) its inhibitory actions on Ca influx appear slowly and 2) sympathetic transmission is inhibited, possibly by inhibition of the postjunctional events for e.j.p. generation.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Is the "false projection phenomenon" (Jampolsky, 1970, 1978) an artefact?].

Jampolsky (1970, 1978) found that the light from the nasal visual field seen through the eyelid of one eye is seen in the direction of the temporal visual field when the other eye is occluded. We examined whether the "false projection" is an artefact of the light "leaking" into the occluded eye. Completely occluding one eye did not eliminated the "false projection": four observers saw the light in the nasal field as coming from the temporal field in 89.4% of the trials whereas the light in the temporal field as coming from the temporal field in 95.6% of the trials. The phenomenon still needs an explanation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Dermatomyositis and pregnancy. Case report and review of the literature.

Dermatomyositis is a rare disease complicating pregnancy. We treated a patient in whom two pregnancies were complicated by dermatomyositis. In the first of the two gestations, a mild form of the disease arose in the last trimester. In the second gestation, the disease was inactive following treatment with 0.3 mg/kg/day prednisolone. Both the mother and two children have since been doing well.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Pharmacological activities of a novel thienodiazepine derivative as a platelet-activating factor antagonist. Effects on microvascular permeability, hypotension and nephrosis.

The effects of a newly synthesized platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist, (S)-(+)-6-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-cyclopropanecarbonyl-8,11- dimethyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-8H-pyrido[4',3':4,5]thieno[3,2-f] [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]diazepine (E-6123, CAS 131614-02-3) on microvascular permeability, systemic hypotension and nephrosis were investigated. E-6123 inhibited PAF injection-induced microvascular permeability (edema) in guinea pigs after oral administration at 3 micrograms/kg. The inhibitory effects of E-6123 were very potent compared to those of other PAF antagonists. E-6123 reversed PAF and/or endotoxin injection-induced hypotension in rats after intravenous administration at 3 micrograms/kg. The increase in urinary protein excretion of rats in which nephrosis had been induced by intraperitoneal injection of aminonucleoside was not inhibited by oral administration of E-6123 at 10 mg/kg/d.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Changes in the values of estrogen stimulated neurophysin, oxytocin and prostaglandin in the maternal blood after the administration of dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate to the pregnant women near term].

UNLABELLED: In order to examine the effect of dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHA-S) on the production of uterus-contractive substances in perinatal women, the concentrations of estrogen stimulated neurophysin (ESN), oxytocin, 13, 14-dihydro-15-keto-Prostaglandin F2 alpha(PGF2 alpha) and DHA-S related steroids in the maternal blood of 12 cases of primigravida were serially estimated after intravenous administration of 200mg DHA-S twice a week from 38 weeks of gestation till the onset of labor. RESULTS: 1) The duration of labor was significantly shortened in the DHA-S group (mean; 9.3 +/- 2.8 hours) compared to the 11 control cases (13.5 +/- 5.2 hours). 2) i) The ESN concentration, which correlated well with that of free estradiol-17 beta, increased significantly at 1 week after the Ist administration. ii) The oxytocin concentration, which correlated well with that of ESN, increased significantly at 39 weeks of gestation, the first stage of labor and especially at delivery compared to the control. iii) The PGF2 alpha concentration, which increased in parallel with those of DHA-S, estrone-S and pregnenolone-S, increased significantly at delivery in comparison with the control and correlated well with estrone-S in the DHA-S group. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that DHA-S administration to perinatal women may enhance the production of ESN, oxytocin and PGF2 alpha in the fetoplacento-maternal compartment, which may result in the shortening of labor.

Dehydroepiandrosterone↗
PubMed1991

Percutaneous embolization of ruptured splanchnic artery pseudoaneurysms.

The usefulness of emergent embolotherapy was evaluated in 17 patients with life-threatening hemorrhage from 18 ruptured splanchnic artery pseudoaneurysms. Complete hemostasis was obtained in 16 out of 17 patients by embolotherapy. Of the 12 initial embolization procedures with permanent embolic materials including stainless steel coils, microcoils, and Ivalon, complete cessation of bleeding was obtained in 11. On the other hand, 6 out of 9 initial embolization procedures with Gelfoam particles failed to halt bleeding, and additional embolization with permanent embolic materials was required. Emergent embolization with permanent embolic materials using superselective catheterization should be considered the initial treatment of choice for ruptured splanchnic artery pseudoaneurysms.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Antihypertensive action of the novel angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor benazepril hydrochloride in hypertensive rat models.

Single or repeated administration of benazepril hydrochloride (CGS 14824 A, CAS 86541-74-4), a novel angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor, (0.3-10 mg/kg p.o.) caused significant antihypertensive effects in renal and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The antihypertensive effects of benazepril hydrochloride was about 3 times as potent as that of captopril in these models. Single administration (0.3-3 mg/kg p.o.) of benazepril hydrochloride and enalapril maleate showed an equipotent antihypertensive effect in SHR. Benazepril hydrochloride (3-30 mg/kg p.o.), however, showed no clear effect on the blood pressure and heart rate in normotensive or DOCA/salt hypertensive rats.

Administration, Oral↗