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Biomedical subjects

H Ono

Publications and source records attributed to H Ono.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[An evaluation of automated hematology analyzers in detecting abnormal blood cells].

We report the usefulness and capability of two hematology analyzers with different principles in characterization of abnormal cells such as immature granulocytes and blasts. We studied a total 1635 specimens which included 69 cases with hematopoietic malignancies. THMS H-1 (Technicon Instruments) and NE-8000 (Toa Instruments) were used as analyzers. An effort was made to determine the sensitivity and specificity of positive abnormal cell flag in comparison with the presence of abnormal cells seen on a manual differential. True positive rate for immature granulocytes in H-1 and NE were 43% and 30%, respectively. False positive rate for immature granulocytes in H-1 and NE were 0.01% and 0.03%, respectively. With both analysers, cases with low percentage of immature granulocytes generated negative flag for abnormal cells. True positive rate for blasts in H-1 and NE were 74% and 65%, respectively. False positive rate for blasts in H-1 and NE were 1.8% and 0.2%, respectively. With both instruments, in all cases with blast count over 100/microliters, blasts were detected. Only H-1 detected the cases with blast counts less than 100/microliters. In H-1 all cases with ATL, one case with AMMoL and another with ALL generated negative blast flag. Upon morphologic examination, these blasts were found to be large and peroxidase negative with convoluted and irregularly shaped nuclei. On the other hand, NE detected blasts regardless of those morphology. In conclusion, Both instruments are useful in screening abnormal blood cells, while their unique capability must be considered.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1991

[Neurilemmomatosis--a sporadic and familial cases].

Three cases of neurilemmomatosis are reported. A 22-year-old man without any relatives with similar symptoms visited our clinic, complaining of multiple skin tumors since the age of 15 and bilateral acoustic nerve symptoms since 19. Physical examination revealed no pigmented or depigmented spots. Histopathological examination of the eight tumors excised from the skin, acoustic nerve and spinal cord showed that these were all neurilemmomas. A 36-year-old man with a 15 year history of multiple skin tumors and one year history of acoustic nerve symptoms was seen at our clinic, revealing no pigmentary disorders. The tumors excised from the skin and bilateral acoustic nerves were all neurilemmomas histopathologically. A 5-year-old boy, who was the only child of the second case and had had several skin tumors since his birth, visited us after postoperative death of his father. He revealed no pigmentary abnormalities. The histology of the skin tumor was neurilemmoma. The absence of neurofibromas and pigmented spots in these patients with neurilemmomatosis suggests that this disorder might be close to, but distinct from neurofibromatosis. Although familial cases of neurilemmomatosis like our case 2 and 3 reported so far are very few, they support a possibility that neurilemmomatosis might be a genetically determined neurocutaneous syndrome, a kind of phacomatosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Decreased vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) level in cerebrospinal fluid from diabetic patients with neuropathy.

The concentration of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) was measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained from diabetic patients with neuropathy and their age-matched control subjects. VIP level in CSF from diabetic patients was significantly decreased as compared with that from the controls (12.9 +/- 3.1 pg/ml vs. 35.4 +/- 3.3 pg/ml, p less than 0.01). Decreased VIP level in CSF may relate with diabetic neuropathy in particular sexual dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Decreased anionic sites in different portions of the basement membrane in aminonucleoside nephrosis.

We induced aminonucleoside (AN) nephrosis in male Sprague-Dawley rats and evaluated the decreases in negative charge in the peripheral and proximal portions of the loop basement membrane and the basement membrane in the paramesangial area. Following intravenous injection of polyethyleneimine (PEI), the number of PEI granules per 0.1 micron 2 of the basement membrane, and those per 1 micron length of the lamina rara externa (LRE) and lamina rara interna (LRI) were counted in each portion under an electron microscope and compared with those in the control group. In the rats with AN nephrosis, the number of PEI granules per 0.1 micron 2 was significantly decreased in each portion of the basement membrane. However, the degree of decrease was similar among the 3 portions. The ratio of the numbers of granules in the proximal and paramesangial portions to that in the peripheral portion (peripheral:proximal:paramesangial) was 1:0.89:0.64 in the control group and 1:0.88:0.62 in the AN nephrosis group. Similar results were obtained for the numbers of PEI granules per 1 micron length of the LRE and LRI. These findings suggest that the negative charge is decreased in the loop basement membrane and paramesangial basement membrane in AN nephrosis, but the degree of decrease appears to be uniform.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[A case of intrathyroidal thymoma presenting as a thyroid mass].

Intrathyroidal thymoma is a rare tumor that occurs in the thyroid gland. The present report describes a 62-year-old female patient with this tumor, who was treated with subtotal thyroidectomy with a wedge resection of the trachea followed by radiotherapy. She is now free from disease for 4 years after the operation. This tumor shows expansive growth, frequent invasion to the surrounding tissue, but relatively infrequent lymph node involvement. If this tumor is resected surgically, the prognosis is favorable.

Choristoma↗
PubMed1990

Purification and identification of a cytosolic factor required for import of precursors of mitochondrial proteins into mitochondria.

A cytosolic factor required for import of the precursor of mitochondrial protein into mitochondria was purified to homogeneity from a rabbit reticulocyte lysate by affinity column chromatography using a synthetic peptide containing the presequence of ornithine amino-transferase as a ligand. The molecular mass of the purified protein was estimated as 28 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The import of precursors of ornithine aminotransferase and sulfite oxidase into mitochondria was inhibited by anti-28-kDa protein IgG raised in guinea pigs. This antibody also blocked the binding of these precursors to mitochondria. These results suggest that the 28-kDa protein is an essential component of the import machinery in the cytosol and that anti-28-kDa protein IgG blocked the binding of the precursor of ornithine aminotransferase to mitochondria, but not the penetration step. Therefore, the 28-kDa protein may be a factor that should be named the "targeting factor" for import of mitochondrial protein.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Usefulness of a new tumor marker, Span-1, for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

Levels of serum Span-1, a new tumor marker for pancreatic cancer, were assayed in 64 patients with pancreatic cancer, 90 with nonpancreatic cancer, and 254 with nonmalignancies, involving 55 healthy controls. Furthermore, Span-1 was compared with other tumor markers (CA19-9, carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA], and DU-PAN-2). Frequency of elevated Span-1 levels was 81.3% in pancreatic cancer. False-positive elevations of serum Span-1 levels were rather common in liver cirrhosis (53.8%) and chronic hepatitis (26.3%). The sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency of this assay for pancreatic cancer, was 81.3%, 75.6%, and 76.5% against all subjects without pancreatic cancer, respectively. In comparison with other markers, sensitivity of Span-1 tended to be highest with similar specificity to those of CA19-9 and CEA. The Span-1 assay has a high sensitivity and specificity for pancreatic cancer. It is almost equivalent to CA19-9 assay. However, this assay is not specific for chronic liver diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Adenosine analogs do not inhibit the potassium-stimulated release of substance P from rat spinal cord slices.

Adenosine agonists produce antinociception when injected directly onto the spinal cord of rats and mice. One mechanism to account for this effect could be inhibition of neurotransmitter release from nociceptive sensory neurons. Consequently, we studied whether these agents could inhibit the potassium stimulated release of one such transmitter, substance P, from rat spinal cord slices. A 2 cm section of lumbar spinal cord was dissected from male Sprague-Dawley rats, chopped into 0.5 x 0.5 mm sections and perfused at 37 degrees C with a modified Krebs bicarbonate buffer containing either 3.5 mM, 30 mM, or 50 mM KCl in the presence and absence of various adenosine analogs. Perfusates, collected every 2 min, were assayed for substance P by radioimmunoassay. Exposure of tissue to 50 mM KCl produced an approximate three-fold increase in the release of substance P over basal release. This increase in release was calcium dependent. Perfusion of spinal cord tissues with either adenosine (10(-3) M). N6-cyclohexyladenosine (10(-5) M or 5 x 10(-5) M), 5'-N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine (10(-5) M) or L-N6-phenylisopropyladenosine (10(-5) M) did not significantly alter basal or potassium-stimulated release of SP when compared to controls. In contrast to the adenosine agonists, exposure of the spinal cord tissue to 10(-5) M morphine significantly reduced the potassium-stimulated release of substance P. Pretreatment of the slices with 10(-5) M theophylline or 8-phenyl-theophylline did not significantly attenuate the inhibition of substance P release produced by morphine. Theophylline alone (10(-5) M) had no significant effect on either basal or potassium-stimulated release of SP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenosine↗
PubMed1990

Different spinal effects of opioid agonists on spinal and spino-bulbo-spinal reflexes in rats.

The effects of morphine-HCl (MOR), methionine-enkephalin (ME) and dynorphin (DYN) on spinal and spino-bulbo-spinal (SBS) reflexes were studied. Although spinal intrathecal administration of MOR (15 micrograms) did not produce any apparent effect on these reflexes, systemically administered MOR (3 mg/kg i.v.) reduced the electrical toe stimulation-induced SBS reflex. Furthermore, MOR (3 mg/kg i.v.) increased the polysynaptic reflex induced by electrical stimulation of low-threshold dorsal root afferents in intact (non-spinal) rats, but not in spinal rats. Intrathecally administered DYN (0.5 and 5 micrograms) reduced both the electrical toe stimulation-induced spinal and SBS reflexes, while ME (15 micrograms) only reduced the SBS reflex. These results indicate the physiological multiplicity of spinal opioid receptors. MOR may affect supraspinal nuclei but not the spinal pathway which possesses MOR-sensitive opioid receptors, whereas ME and DYN affect spinal opioid peptide receptors and modulate the reflex activities in which they participate.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Prevention of experimental acute pancreatitis by intraduodenal trypsin inhibitor in rat.

To confirm that trypsin activity is a most important initiating factor in closed duodenal loop pancreatitis in rats, we observed the course of acute pancreatitis when trypsinogen activation was inhibited by intraduodenal infusion of a potent synthetic trypsin inhibitor (TI, nafamostat mesilate) but the other conditions were left unchanged. Intraduodenal and intrapancreatic trypsinogen activation was inhibited for 16 hr after the intraduodenal infusion of the inhibitor, although elevation of serum amylase and immunoreactive trypsin and pancreatic trypsinogen remained similar both in the TI and control groups. The mortality decreased from 44% (control) to 4% (TI) at 48 hr after establishing the model. Active trypsin in duodenal reflux is an initiating factor for further development of acute pancreatitis in the closed loop model, and inhibition of the initial activation of trypsinogen has a favorable effect on acute pancreatitis even if other deleterious factors remain unchanged.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Effect of N-benzyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate on renal toxicity induced by cadmium-metallothionein in rats.

The effect of N-benzyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate (BGD) on the renal toxicity induced by acute exposure to cadmium-metallothionein (Cd-MT) in rats was studied. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with BGD (400 mumol/kg) 6, 12, or 24 h after intraperitoneal injection of Cd-MT (1.78 mumol Cd as Cd-MT/kg) and thereafter they received three injections of BGD (400 mumol/kg) daily for 3 days. Urinary protein concentration and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity significantly increased 1 day after Cd-MT treatment and decreased to control levels at 9 days after the treatment. Urinary excretion of glucose and amino acids rose gradually reaching maximum levels 5 days after Cd-MT treatment and returned to the control levels at 9 days. BGD injection significantly reduced the increases in the urinary excretion of protein, AST, glucose and amino acid, which were produced by Cd-MT treatment. Significant increases in urine volume were observed after Cd-MT treatment. BGD injection inhibited the increase in urine volume caused by Cd-MT treatment. A long time interval (12 and 24 h) between the administrations of Cd-MT and BGD resulted in a decreased protective effect of BGD against Cd-MT-induced renal damage. Following Cd-MT injection, the major route of excretion of cadmium (Cd) was via the urine and the kidney was the major site of accumulation of Cd. BGD injection remarkably increased the urinary excretion of Cd, resulting in a significant reduction in the kidney Cd concentration. The results of this study indicate that BGD injection is effective in decreasing the Cd concentration in the kidney, resulting in the protective effect on Cd-MT-induced renal damage.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1990

Presence of the cytosolic factor stimulating the import of precursor of mitochondrial proteins in rabbit reticulocytes and rat liver cells.

Previously we purified a cytosolic factor that stimulates the import of the extrapeptide (the synthetic peptide of the presequence of ornithine aminotransferase) into the mitochondrial matrix (Ono, H., and Tuboi, S., 1988, J. Biol. Chem. 263, 3188-3193). In this work this cytosolic factor was shown also to stimulate the import of the precursors of ornithine aminotransferase, a large subunit of succinate dehydrogenase, and sulfite oxidase. The amounts of these precursors bound to the outer mitochondrial membrane were increased by this cytosolic factor, suggesting that the cytosolic factor participates in the recognition step in the import process of the precursor protein. When the cytosolic factor was applied to an ATP-agarose column, the import-stimulating activity was recovered entirely in the unadsorbed fraction. Immunochemical studies showed that in these conditions the 70-kDa heat shock-related protein (Hsp 70) was present exclusively in the fraction adsorbed to the ATP-agarose column. The cytosolic factor is thus different from the 70-kDa heat shock-related protein, which was identified as a factor required for the import of mitochondrial proteins in yeast. The cytosolic factor was also detected in the cytosol of rat liver cells, and a considerable amount of this factor was recovered from rat liver mitochondria by washing them with high salt buffer, suggesting that the cytosolic factor has affinity to the outer mitochondrial membrane and binds to its receptor on the membrane. From these results, we conclude that the cytosolic factor forms a complex with the precursor of mitochondrial protein and then this complex binds to the outer mitochondrial membrane, probably via the receptor of the cytosolic factor.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effects of excitatory and inhibitory amino acid agonists and antagonists of ventral horn cells in slices of spinal cord isolated from adult rats.

Excitatory amino acid agonists increased the probability of discharge of ventral horn cells in slices of spinal cord isolated from adult rats. The order of potency for the facilitatory action was kainate greater than quisqualate greater than N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) greater than L-glutamate greater than L-aspartate. (+/-)-2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate (2-APV) markedly reduced the facilitatory effects produced by L-aspartate and NMDA, and slightly decreased the effect produced by L-glutamate but did not alter the effect of kainate. Inhibitory amino acid agonists decreased the probability of cell discharge. The order of potency for the inhibitory action was (-)-baclofen greater than muscimol greater than glycine = GABA. The effects produced by glycine, muscimol or GABA and (-)-baclofen were selectively reduced by strychnine, bicuculline and phaclofen, respectively. This type of preparation may be useful for in vitro pharmacological studies on the action of transmitters and drugs on ventral horn cells in the adult spinal cord.

Action Potentials↗