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Biomedical subjects

H Ohno

Publications and source records attributed to H Ohno.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Exercise-induced changes in blood zinc and related proteins in humans.

Effects of cycle ergometer exercise (approximately 75% maximum ventilatory O2 consumption for 30 min) on the concentrations of zinc and related proteins in erythrocytes and/or plasma were studied on 11 sedentary male students. Lower concentrations of total zinc and of zinc derived from carbonic anhydrase I type (CA-I) in erythrocytes were observed immediately after exercise, but they disappeared after 30 min of rest. The change in total zinc concentration in erythrocytes correlated well with that in CA-I concentration immediately after exercise, as well as after rest. The concentration of carbonic anhydrase II type (CA-II)-derived zinc did not vary substantially at any time. On the other hand, there were significant increases in the plasma concentrations of total zinc and of alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2-MG)-bound zinc immediately after exercise, whereas no such effect was noted in albumin-bound zinc. A positive correlation was found between total zinc and alpha 2-MG concentrations in plasma immediately after exercise. In addition, the change in the activity of alkaline phosphatase, a zinc metalloenzyme, correlated well with that in the total zinc concentration in plasma. These results suggest that a brief physical exercise induces the movement of zinc into plasma.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Distribution of zinc and copper in maternal and cord blood at delivery.

For 17 normal births, the concentrations of trace metals (zinc and copper) and related metalloenzymes, i.e., carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes (CA-I and CA-II) and Cu2Zn2 superoxide dismutase (SOD1) were simultaneously determined in maternal and cord blood at delivery. Eleven healthy nonpregnant women served as controls. CA-I concentration in maternal erythrocytes was higher than in controls (p less than 0.05), whereas the concentrations of both CA isoenzymes in cord erythrocytes were in the range of one seventh to one ninth of those in controls. On the other hand, the erythrocyte SOD1 concentration was constant. A very low total zinc concentration was noted in cord erythrocytes, and this was due to the low concentrations of both CA isoenzymes. Total copper concentration in maternal erythrocytes was significantly lower than in controls (p less than 0.05); in contrast, that in cord erythrocytes was significantly higher than in controls (p less than 0.05). Thus, variations in erythrocyte copper concentrations are due to changes in other forms of copper (not SOD1-derived). Copper concentration in maternal plasma was about three times higher than in controls, while copper concentration in cord plasma was less half of that in control plasma. Conversely, zinc concentration in cord plasma was significantly higher than in controls (p less than 0.05). The concentrations of these metals in maternal erythrocytes and plasma were significantly different from the respective concentrations in cord erythrocytes and plasma. Likewise, the concentrations of these metals in maternal and cord erythrocytes contrasted with the corresponding concentrations in their plasma.

Carbonic Anhydrases↗
PubMed1985

Structural changes in the oxidation zones of gold alloys for porcelain bonding containing small amounts of Fe and Sn.

The oxidized surfaces of cross-sections of gold alloys containing a total of 1.5 mass % Fe and Sn, oxidized at 1000 degrees C for one hr, have been studied by various techniques, including secondary electron micro-analysis, X-ray micro-analysis, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetry. Over the composition range (0.30-1.50 mass % Fe), an external oxidation zone containing only Fe oxides was formed. The quantity of Fe2O3 was greater than that of SnO2 for 0.45-1.50 mass % Fe. With an Fe content below 0.45 mass %, the amount of SnO2 was greater than that of Fe2O3. Traces of Fe3O4 were formed in high Sn content alloys. Internal oxidation particles composed of Fe2O3 and SnO2 precipitated deep in the alloy matrix (0.90-1.50 mass % Fe), and these changed to an internal oxidation band composed mainly of SnO2 for 0.3 mass % Fe.

Dental Bonding↗
PubMed1985

Effect of elcatonin on experimental gastric and duodenal ulcers.

The antiulcer action of elcatonin, an analogue of natural eel calcitonin, was compared with that of cimetidine, secretin and solcoseryl. Elcatonin (3 to 10 mu/kg, s.c.) inhibited the development of gastric ulcers induced by pylorus ligation, water-immersion stress, aspirin and reserpine and duodenal ulcers induced by cysteamine in rats. Moreover, once daily injections of elcatonin (1 to 10 mu/kg/day, s.c.) promoted the healing of acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcers not only in rats but in dogs. The healing effect persisted after the cessation of administrations. Cimetidine (30 to 100 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited the development of gastric ulcers induced by water-immersion stress, aspirin and reserpine and duodenal ulcers induced by cysteamine in rats. However, once daily administrations of cimetidine (30 to 100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) did not show significant effect on acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcers in rats. Secretin (30 to 100 mu/kg, s.c.) inhibited the development of gastric ulcers induced by pylorus ligation, water-immersion stress, aspirin and reserpine in rats, but was not effective on cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcers and acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcers in rats. Solcoseryl (2 ml/kg, s.c.) inhibited only the development of water-immersion stress-induced gastric ulcers in rats. These results suggest that elcatonin is different from these reference drugs in its properties of action on experimental ulcers. Mechanisms of the antiulcer action of elcatonin which has a superior effect on experimental ulcers are discussed.

Acetates↗
PubMed1985

[Studies on implantation traces in rats. I. Size, observation period and staining].

The implantation traces of early embryonal death and abortion in rats induced by some drugs were studied. Early embryonal death and abortion were caused by intraperitoneal injection of 15 mg/kg of busulfan on the 7th day of gestation or 40 mg/kg of 6-mercaptopurine on the 7th and 8th day of gestation. The observation period and staining of the implantation traces were investigated. Early dead embryos and placentas were delivered between the 20th and 24th day of gestation. These were eaten by the dams. The implantation traces of abortion or early embryonal death, and those of normal delivery were able to be identified up to the 120th day and 500th day after extraction, respectively. The implantation traces of abortion were smaller in the three experimental groups. All kinds of implantation traces were stained distinctly with 10% ammonium sulfide, 0.2% sodium hydroxide and 2% potassium ferrocyanide. In this staining method, sodium hydroxide has an excellent effect on the staining of implantation traces. Specimens washed in water after being stained with sodium hydroxide and fixed in formalin can be preserved without discoloration for a long period of time.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1985

[Studies on implantation traces in rats. II. Staining of cleared uteri, formation and distribution of implantation traces].

We made an investigation of implantation traces in delivered rats. 1. Non-fixed rat uteri were immersed in 2%-NaOH solution for over one hour. The uteri were then cleared and the implantation traces were seen to be stained yellowish-brown. This staining method was convenient for observation of the implantation traces. 2. Stillbirth was induced by stabbing or crushing, either in some embryos on one day between the 6th and 12th day of gestation, or in all embryos after the 13th day of gestation. Also, abortion was induced by stabbing or crushing all embryos before the 10th day of gestation. 3. When live embryos existed in the uterine horns, abortion traces were not detected. 4. In cleared uteri stained with 2%-NaOH solution, abortion traces were observed as small globes, reddish-brown. Normal delivery traces were observed as large globes, yellowish-brown, covered with yellowish-white of agglomerate cells, while stillbirth traces appeared as middle-sized, orange or yellowish-brown masses. 5. Though the implantation traces in rats which had been delivered four times were arranged like beads, they were recognizable by NaOH stain as either old or new traces, the former appearing smaller without agglomerate cells and a little more brown in comparison with the latter. 6. As the implantation traces increased in the uterine horns they became distributed from the central region to the cervical end, and the mean space between them narrowed. The implantation traces occupying the ovarian end or central region of the uterine horns trendes smallest size or largest size. 7. The implantation traces were composed of cicatrical tissue, and the area they occupied did not show adhesion of the placenta. On the other hand, placenta adhering to the uterine wall proliferated, and formed new implantation traces which did not overlap the old traces after decollement of the placenta.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1985

A newly established human lymphoma cell line, FL-18, carrying a 14;18 translocation.

A new human cell line named FL-18, carrying a 14;18 translocation [t(14;18)(q32;q21)], was established from a Japanese patient with follicular small cleaved cell lymphoma. The established FL-18 cells had monoclonal surface immunoglobulins (IgG-kappa) and were negative for Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigens. The high-resolution banding technique indicated the breakpoints of chromosomes 14 and 18 involved in the characteristic 14;18 translocation to be at sub-bands 14q32.3 and 18q21.3, respectively. The FL-18 cell line should be useful for studying oncogenic events associated with 14;18 translocation and karyotype evolution.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

The levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and carbonic anhydrase in erythrocytes of patients with Down's syndrome.

The levels of cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase ( SOD1 ), catalase (CAT'ase), and carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes (CA-B and CA-C) were determined in the erythrocytes from 11 male patients with Down's syndrome. The levels of SOD1 and CAT'ase, as well as CA-B showed significant increases compared with those in normal controls, whereas the CA-C level did not change substantially. In addition, a positive correlation was noted between the levels of SOD1 and of CAT'ase (r = 0.764).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Mercury in feathers of wild birds from the mercury-polluted area along the shore of the Shiranui Sea, Japan.

Total mercury content in the feathers of 95 stuffed, wild birds collected all over the shore of the Shiranui Sea (where Minamata disease occurred in many towns and villages in the 1960's) was measured. They were collected over 25 years, from 1955 to 1980. They showed relatively high mercury levels till the late 1970's, although drainage of waste water containing methylmercury from the Chisso Corporation's Minamata Factory was stopped in 1968. In addition, a strong correlation between feeding habits and mercury content was observed; thus the five groups in order of diminishing mercury content were: fish-eating sea birds (mean +/- SD = 7.1 +/- 3.7 ppm, n = 14), omnivorous water fowl (5.5 +/- 5.6 ppm, n = 17), predatory birds (3.6 +/- 2.9 ppm, n = 16), omnivorous terrestrial birds (1.5 +/- 1.2 ppm, n = 31), and herbivorous water fowl (0.9 +/- 0.4 ppm, n = 17). Mercury content of the feathers of omnivorous terrestrial birds in the Shiranui Sea was exceedingly high compared with those in China and Korea. The findings in the present study suggest that stuffed, wild birds may be a good index of past environmental pollution.

Animals↗