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Biomedical subjects

H Ohno

Publications and source records attributed to H Ohno.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Three cases with temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome in adolescents whose mandibular are asymmetrical].

We encountered three patients with TMJ dysfunction syndrome in adolescents whose mandibulars were asymmetrical. In two cases, we tried to treat with EMG Biofeedback therapy in order to improve a form and function. The following results were obtained from the progress and result of the treatment. Asymmetry of mandibular causes the functional disharmony of masticatory muscle and it is probable that its asymmetry causes TMJ symptoms. These symptoms are improved with an occlusal splint, occlusal adjustment and occlusal reconstruction. The form does not change with the EMG Biofeedback therapy which is used in order to activate the masseter muscle. The function changed but was not stable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[A longitudinal study on individual fluctuation of signs in accordance with TMJ dysfunction syndrome in adolescents].

There are no reports with regard to fluctuation of signs concerning the TMJ dysfunction syndrome in adolescents. Concerning this problems, we examined 145 children (70 boys and 75 girls) of junior high school age and 429 children (202 boys and 227 girls) of senior high school age for 2-years (total 3-years) longitudinally. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The incidence of the TMJ dysfunction syndrome involved 10.3% in 1984, 15.9% in 1985, 15.9% in 1986 of junior high school age students and 11.7% in 1984, 18.4% in 1985, 31.0% in 1986 of senior high school age students. 2. The incidence of the individual that at least once during the 3-years period showed some or multiple signs of TMJ dysfunction syndrome was 31.0% of junior high school age students and 39.8% of senior high school age students. The incidence of the individual that had shown no signs of the TMJ dysfunction syndrome at all during the 3-year period was 69.0% of junior high school age students and 60.4% of senior high school age students. 3. With regard to individual fluctuation of signs of the TMJ dysfunction syndrome, there was a total of 2.8% of junior high school age students and 5.1% of senior high school age students, signs being recorded for all 3-years. In 28.3% of junior high school age students and 34.5% of senior high school age students, signs fluctuated during the entire 3 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Gastrinoma in a mesenteric lymph node.

A 36-yr-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of severe vomiting and diarrhea. Upper gastrointestinal series showed deformity of the duodenum. Serum gastrin level was very high (1,829 pg/ml) and secretin provocative test presented a positive result (peak 4,535 pg/ml). We diagnosed his illness as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, but failed to identify the site of tumor. His symptoms were controlled with cimetidine 1,600 mg qid, but serum gastrin level was increasing. A year after the first admission, computed tomographic scan and selective angiography demonstrated the tumor, and surgery was performed. A solitary 2-cm tumor was noted at the surface of mesenterium of the duodenum. Frozen and paraffin section of the tumor revealed islet cell tumor apparently within a lymph node. Immunohistological examination revealed positive staining for gastrin alone. No other tumors were detectable by inspection and palpation during the operation. After excision of the tumor, serum gastrin and secretion test were normalized, and the patient remains asymptomatic 1 yr after surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Modality-specific antinociception produced by intrathecal injection of anti-somatostatin antiserum in rats.

An intrathecal injection of antiserum against somatostatin significantly inhibited the nociceptive response to thermal but not mechanical stimulation in non-arthritic and adjuvant arthritic rats. The thermal antinociception induced by intrathecally injected anti-somatostatin antiserum was more remarkable in adjuvant arthritic rats than in non-arthritic ones. These results suggest that endogenous somatostatin participates in transmission of thermal nociception in the rat spinal dorsal horn in non-arthritic and arthritic conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Antinociception induced in rats by intrathecal administration of antiserum against calcitonin gene-related peptide.

To determine whether or not endogenous calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) participates in pain transmission in the spinal dorsal horn, effects of an intrathecal injection of anti-CGRP antiserum on nociceptive threshold in the paw-pressure test was examined in non-arthritic and adjuvant arthritic rats. An intrathecal injection of the antiserum increased the nociceptive threshold in non-arthritic animals, while 0.9% saline, pre-immune serum and antiserum, previously absorbed by synthetic CGRP, were without effect. Adjuvant arthritic rats showed a hyperalgesia, and improvement occurred with intrathecal injection of the antiserum. Saline and absorbed antiserum were without effect on the hyperalgesia. These results suggest that the endogenous CGRP present in primary afferents probably has a facilitating function in nociceptive transmission in the spinal dorsal horn.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Establishment of a peripheral T-cell lymphoma cell line showing amplification of the c-myc oncogene.

A new T-cell lymphoma cell line, designated T34, was established from freshly isolated lymph node tumor cells of a patient with non-Hodgkin's diffuse large cell lymphoma. The T34 cells, as well as the parental lymphoma cells, showed mature helper/inducer immunophenotypes in that they formed spontaneous sheep erythrocyte rosettes and reacted with OKT-3 and OKT-4 monoclonal antibodies. They were negative for OKT-6, OKT-8, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, WT-1, and HLA-DR antigens. Molecular analysis revealed that the T34 cells contained 8- to 16-fold amplified c-myc DNA. The same genetic change was observed in parental lymphoma cells, indicating that the c-myc amplification had occurred in vivo. There was no gross rearrangement of the c-myc DNA. The c-myc gene of the T34 cell line was actively transcribed into normal-sized c-myc mRNA. Cytogenetic analysis showed that both the T34 and the parental lymphoma cells had a near-triploid karyotype with multiple structural chromosome changes. The terminal end of the long arm of chromosome No. 8, the chromosomal locus of single-copy c-myc, was elongated (8q+ chromosome), perhaps reflecting the site of c-myc amplification. These data suggested that amplification of the c-myc oncogene played some role in progression and proliferation of this peripheral T-cell neoplasm.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Vagal nerve contribution to the calcitonin-induced changes in intrapyloric pressure in anesthetized rats.

The effect of calcitonin on intrapyloric pressure was examined in urethane-anesthetized rats. The intrapyloric pressure was decreased dose dependently by intravenous (i.v.) administration of 0.002-20 U of calcitonin. The calcitonin-induced decreased response was abolished after the severance of bilateral vagal nerves at the cervical level. Ongoing efferent activity of vagal gastric nerve branches was decreased by i.v. administration of calcitonin. On the contrary i.v. administration of calcitonin increased intrapyloric pressure via vagal nerves in atropinized or gallaminized animals. The contribution of the cholinergic excitatory and the non-cholinergic inhibitory vagal nerve fibers to the calcitonin-induced responses of intrapyloric pressure is discussed.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1988

Characterization and comparison of two newly established Epstein-Barr virus-negative lymphoma B-cell lines. Surface markers, growth characteristics, cytogenetics, and transplantability.

Two Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative lymphoma B-cell lines, HBL-1 and HBL-2, were established from a pleural effusion and a lymph node biopsy of two patients with diffuse large cell lymphoma. HBL-1 and HBL-2 showed the characteristics of activated B-cells in B-cell lineage, as did original lymphoma cells. Chromosome analyses revealed that HBL-1 exhibiting 14q+ marker-positive lymphoid cancer showed a new subclass of 14q32 translocation resulting from a translocation between chromosomes 14 and 16, which had been masked in a complex translocation involving five chromosomes, and that HBL-2 had a 14q+ marker chromosome, the result of an 11;14 translocation [t(11;14)(q13;32)]. Successful heterotransplantation into athymic nude mice demonstrated tumorigenicity of HBL-1 and HBL-2. The transplantability and tumor growth rate of HBL-2 were higher and more rapid than those of HBL-1. HBL-1 and HBL-2 appear useful for facilitating therapeutic investigations as well as immunologic and oncogenic studies in B-cell lymphomas.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Recurrence of myocardial infarction related to different vessels in a patient with diffuse coronary artery spasm without underlying severe organic stenosis.

A 59-year-old man had a first myocardial infarction in the right coronary artery, followed by an another infarction in the left anterior descending coronary artery. Coronary thrombolysis for both occasions of acute myocardial infarction was successfully performed without severe residual stenosis. In the chronic phase after the second myocardial infarction, ergonovine test showed diffuse coronary artery spasm. The etiology of myocardial infarction is briefly discussed.

Coronary Vasospasm↗
PubMed1988

Dispersed localization of D segments in the human immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus.

We have studied the organization of the human immunoglobulin heavy-chain genes by pulse field gel electrophoresis as well as by isolation of cosmid clones. The total length of the heavy-chain variable region locus was estimated to be approximately 3000 kb. We found that D segments including a recently isolated D5 segment were dispersed among VH segments. We identified a pseudo V segment 18 kb 3' to the D5 segment in isolated cosmid clones. A 300 kb fragment produced by MluI digestion contained VH, D, JH segments and the distance between VH and D was estimated to be approximately 240 kb. Overlapping cosmid clones containing the human D1, D2, D3, D4, JH, Cmu and C delta genes were isolated. Restriction maps of these regions indicated that the distance between D and JH is about 22 kb. A partial restriction map of the VH locus was constructed using the pulse field gel electrophoresis technique and deletion of VH segments in B cells.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Physical training and fasting erythrocyte activities of free radical scavenging enzyme systems in sedentary men.

Effects of 10 weeks of physical training on free radical scavenging enzyme systems in erythrocytes were investigated in 7 sedentary healthy male students. The training consisted of running over 5 km, 6 times/week. Their maximum oxygen uptake and 12 min walk-run performance increased significantly after training. Of the antioxidant enzyme systems examined in the erythrocytes, both catalase activity and concentration and total glutathione reductase (GR) activity also showed significant increases following the training. The erythrocyte GR activity coefficient also increased significantly. These results suggest that chronic aerobic exercise increases riboflavin requirements and has some positive effects on antioxidative processes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Recognition of acidic phospholipase A2 activity in plasma membranes of resident peritoneal macrophages.

Phospholipase (PLase) activities in the plasma membrane of guinea pig peritoneal macrophages were studied, as these enzymes having such activity may be candidates for the release of arachidonic acid (AA) from phosphatidylcholine (PC). An AA release system operating at acidic pH was identified in the macrophage plasma membrane and characterized. This membrane-bound acidic PLase A2 had an optimum pH at 4.5, and enzyme activation was observed in Ca++-free medium; but the maximum activity was found at 0.5 mM Ca++ concentration. The Km value for PC of acidic PLase A2 was 4.2 microM, and a Michaelis-Menten relationship was evident. Calcium might act as a cofactor at some intermediate step during the activation of acidic PLase A2 in light of the uncompetitive manner of Ca++ action. Furthermore, the release of [3H]-AA from preradiolabelled macrophage plasma membranes occurred with the addition of Ca++ at pH 4.5. These data suggest that the acid PLase A2 is a component of the plasma membrane and is not due to lysosomal contamination since membrane-bound acidic PLase A2 properties are opposite to those found for lysosomal PLase A2.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Methods of removing external metal contamination from hair samples for environmental monitoring.

Human exposure to trace elements has become a major environmental issue with the growing industrialization and urbanization around the world. Hair samples are the most conveniently obtainable biopsy material and they have been identified as good indicators of the metal pollution in an environment. For their effective use, however, it is necessary to exclude the effect of external contamination of the hair surface by metals. The present investigation compares the different methods of washing hair samples prior to further treatment for elemental analysis. Deionized water, solvents (acetone, ether and carbon tetrachloride), non-ionic detergent, ionic detergent (sodium lauryl sulfate), chelating agent (EDTA-2Na), ultrasonics and combinations of these agents were used in the experiments. EDTA was found to be the most suitable of these washing agents for removing external contaminant metals. Further elucidation, however, is needed before a standard method of hair washing can be established.

Copper↗
PubMed1988

A study of the sources of external metal contamination of hair.

Sources of external metal contamination of hair were examined experimentally by exposing hair samples to soil, hot water from a water boiler for domestic use and household dust and fumes in a kitchen. Copper concentration in the hair increased markedly only when the hair was exposed to hot water from the boiler. Iron concentration in the hair increased markedly after exposure to wet soil, and increased slightly after exposure to hot water from the boiler. There was a slight decrease in zinc in the hair after exposure to wet or moist soil, and a significant increase after exposure to hot water from the boiler. When the hair was exposed to household dust and fumes, zinc showed a slight increase but copper and iron showed no change at all. The experiments with soil demonstrated the importance of water in the movement of iron from soil to hair and the role played in this process by biological factors such as soil bacteria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Ontogeny of pituitary responsiveness to corticotropin-releasing hormone in rat.

The ontogeny of the pituitary's responsiveness to synthetic rat corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in the late prenatal and early postnatal periods of rats was studied by a superfusion system using whole pituitaries. A significant increase of immunoreactive beta-endorphin (IR-beta-Ep) secretion in response to 10(-10) M CRH but not to 10(-11) M CRH was observed in pituitaries from the 15th day of gestation, the earliest day that we tested, whereas 10(-11) M CRH stimulated IR-beta-Ep release from the pituitaries of 17.5-day-old fetuses. Dose-related IR-beta-Ep secretions induced by 10(-12) M to 10(-10) M CRH were observed in pituitaries of 19.5- and 21.5-day-old fetuses, and 1-, 3- and 9-day-old newborn pups. CRH stimulated not only IR-beta-Ep and IR-adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) but also IR-alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (IR-alpha-MSH) secretions from fetal pituitaries. The content of IR-CRH in the hypothalamic extract from 15-day-old fetus was 6.6 +/- 3.6 pg/hypothalamus (mean +/- S.E.M.) and it gradually increased to reach 212.7 +/- 20.3 pg/hypothalamus on the 21.5th day of gestation. However, the content of IR-CRH in the hypothalamus dramatically decreased just after birth and then rapidly increased again from the 5th day after birth. These data indicate that the responsiveness of corticotrophs to CRH is already present on the 15th day of gestation, when the content of IR-CRH in the hypothalamus is extremely low and that the amount of hypothalamic IR-CRH dramatically dropped for several days just after birth in rats.

Animals↗