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Biomedical subjects

H Moriyama

Publications and source records attributed to H Moriyama.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Homografts of the tympanic membrane with malleus; histological study in cat.

The present experiments on cats were performed to explore the process of survival and take of transplanted homografts of tympanic membrane with malleus, the homografts being respectively preserved in 4% and 0.5% formalin (pH 7.0) solutions, and to explore the reaction of middle ear mucosa of the recipient. The present study also included gross and histopathological examinations of the eardrum and observation of fibers of the lamina propria of the transplanted tympanic membrane by means of polarizing microscopy and of vascularization by intravascular India ink injection. The experiments conducted using a total of 96 cats yielded results leading to the following conclusions. 1) After six months the transplanted tympanic membrane showed nearly normal histologic features, with a fibrous layer between the lining epithelial and thin mucosal layers. The middle ear mucosa also became thinner and was covered with ciliated epithelium at this stage. 2) As regards vascular distribution, most vessels entered from the peripheral regions to become distributed all over the eardrum with mutual anastomoses. 3) Fibrous tissues of the lamina propria of the pars tensa of the transplanted eardrum remained intact over the six month period. 4) The transplanted malleus was neither destroyed not absorbed, and proved to survive well with active vascularization. 5) The microscopic changes observed in the middle ear mucous membrane of the recipient showed non-specific reactions to Gelfoam. The grafts were not subjected to immunological rejection. Homograft thus offer the best grafting material, but seemed to show poor resistance to infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Effects of keratin on bone resorption in experimental otitis media.

Keratin debris is a constant feature in middle-ear cholesteatoma. Keratin prepared from rat skin induced a foreign-body granuloma in the subcutaneous space in the rat. In vitro this granuloma produced high levels of bone-resorbing factors: prostaglandin E2, osteoclast-activating factor, and leucine aminopeptidase. In the in vivo study, keratin-induced granuloma in the rat middle ear caused partial resorption of the cochlear wall. Macrophages, fibroblasts, and osteoclastlike cells were found at bone-resorption areas. These cells appeared to be responsible for bone resorption through production of prostaglandin E2, osteoclast-activating factor, and proteases.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Cell cooperation on bone resorption in chronic otitis media.

Since collagen comprises over 90% of bone protein, collagenase appears to be a major factor in the resorption process of the organic matrix of bone. We have studied the mechanism of production of collagenase in cell cultures of rat skin fibroblasts and macrophages under various conditions. Production of collagenase by fibroblasts increased significantly with the addition of the conditioned medium obtained from the culture of endotoxin-activated rat peritoneal macrophages. This study concludes that the endotoxin-activated macrophages produced factor or factors which stimulate fibroblasts to produce collagenase.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Bone resorption factors in chronic otitis media.

Collagenase was identified within naturally occurring rat chronic otitis media by the use of an immunohistochemical technique with peroxidase-antiperoxidase to stain the paraffin. Collagenase was found in fibroblasts, mononuclear cells, and osteoclast cells in the bone-resorbing area. Collagenase was found only in fibroblasts in contact with epithelial basal cells. Macrophages from rat peritoneum were cultured with different concentrations of a lipopolysaccharide. The prostaglandin E2 level reached a maximum during the 12- to 24-hour period in the presence of endotoxin. This prostaglandin E2 was confirmed by immunofluorescent staining. The endotoxin-activated macrophage produced an insignificant amount of collagenase. These findings suggest that activated macrophages may be able to stimulate fibroblast collagenase production through the chemical mediator prostaglandin E2. Also, the interaction between fibroblasts and epidermal cells appears to encourage and enhance the biochemical events resulting in bone resorption in chronic otitis media.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Relationship between monensin and sulphur amino acid requirements in broiler chickens.

1. Diets containing 80, 100, 125, 150, 175 or 200 mg monensin/kg were fed to broiler chickens from 0 to 28 d in cages that prevented access to excreta. 2. Growth was depressed with 125 mg monensin or more/kg and food intake tended to decrease. Feathering was adversely affected with 175 mg or more/kg. 3. In a similar experiment, diets containing 8.8, 9.1, 9.4, 9.7 and 10.1 g total sulphur amino acids (SAA)/kg were supplemented with 125 or 80 mg monensin/kg and compared with a diet containing 8.8 g SAA and 33 mg robenidie/kg. 4. With 125 mg monensin/kg, body-weight gain was significantly less than that of birds receiving robenidine if dietary SAA content was 9.4 g or less/kg. With 9.7 g SAA or more/kg, gain in birds receiving monensin was similar to that of birds receiving robenidine. 5. Monensin at 125 mg/kg therefore appears to increase SAA requirement.

Amino Acids, Sulfur↗
PubMed1982

[A study of combination chemotherapy with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum for advanced genitourinary carcinoma].

The patients with advanced testicular tumors and bladder carcinoma were treated by combination chemotherapies including cis-diamminedichloroplatinum. Four patients with advanced testicular tumors were treated with a combination chemotherapy, consisting of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, vinblastine, and bleomycin or pepleomycin according to Einhorn's regimen. Three patients with advanced bladder carcinoma were treated with a combination chemotherapy consisting of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, cyclophosphamide, and adriamycin according to Yagoda's regimen. These chemotherapy regimens produced 25% complete and 75% partial responses in testicular tumors and 100% of no change in bladder carcinoma. Although an overall response rate of three patients with bladder carcinoma was 0%, one patient was plateaustable for more than three months. We believe that the combination chemotherapy including cis-diamminedichloroplatinum is promising in the management of patients with advanced testicular tumors or bladder carcinoma.

Adolescent↗