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Biomedical subjects

H Miyake

Publications and source records attributed to H Miyake.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Risk factors of undescended testis].

A study on possible association of maternal factors with undescended testis was undertaken. A comparison was made using mothers of boys with the disease (No. = 108) and mothers of boys without the disease (No. = 108). The boys without the disease were selected from outpatients by individually matching the birth year with the case. A smaller proportion of mothers having babies with the disease experienced vomiting during the index pregnancy (the estimated relative risk RR = 0.51, P = 0.02). A larger proportion of them had delivered by vacuum extractor delivery, cesarean section, or breech extraction (RR = 2.10, P = 0.04). A higher proportion of cases were complicated with inguinal hernia (RR = 9.00, P = 0.03), congenital cardiac diseases (RR = infinity, P = 0.008), or other various kinds of congenital disorders. A larger proportion of these mothers had never breastfed for the cases (RR = 3.75, P = 0.02). Exposure to external estrogen in the utero was not noted to be associated with undescended testis.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of risk grouping methods for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children.

Four criteria for the risk grouping of children's acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Children's Cancer and Leukemia Study Group (CCLSG) in Japan, Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) and Children's Cancer Study Group (CCG-141) in the USA, Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster Study Group (BFM) in West Germany, were applied retrospectively to 109 patients with the disease who had been treated randomly in Sapporo National Hospital from 1978 to 1986. No significant difference in respect of survival curve was found in most combinations between low- and intermediate-risk groups, nor among either low- or intermediate-risk groups (P greater than 0.10, Cox-Mantel's test). Among the four high-risk groups formed by the application of these criteria, no significant difference was noted (P greater than 0.10), but there were significant differences between the high-risk and the low- or intermediate-risk groups (P less than 0.05 or 0.10). With such results, a comparison of therapeutic results in high-risk groups yielded by different study groups would appear to be not only possible but useful, for example, in improving therapeutic methods.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

[A case-control study of testicular cancer].

A study on the possible association of maternal factors with testicular cancer was undertaken. Information was obtained from the mothers of testicular cancer cases (N = 37) and the mothers of men without the disease (N = 37). Comparisons were made between the two groups. The cases were collected from the records of nine hospitals, and the controls were selected from five Public Health Centers by individually matching the sex and the year of birth with the testicular cancer cases. The mothers of the cases had significantly fewer live births than the mothers of the controls (the adjusted odds ratio per live birth = 0.4, p = 0.02), when the five following variables had been simultaneously adjusted by the logistic regression analysis. Those five variables included the Quetelet's Index of mothers before pregnancy, the age at an index birth, the duration of breastfeeding for an index child, the birth order of an index child, and the number of induced abortions. The endogenous hormonal milieu of a mother may be associated with the occurrence of testicular cancer in her child.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1987

Effects of proglumetacin maleate and its major metabolites on allergic air pouch inflammation in rats.

The mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of proglumetacin maleate, a novel indomethacin derivative, was examined in vivo in an allergic air pouch inflammation model in rats. Proglumetacin maleate did not affect the volume of pouch exudate 6 h after immunological challenge, irrespective of whether it was administered orally or locally, but it caused dose-dependent inhibition 24 h after challenge. It also caused dose-dependent reduction of leukocyte migration into the pouch exudate both 6 and 24 h after challenge. It markedly decreased the prostaglandin E2 content of the pouch exudate, but tended to increase the leukotriene B4 content. The main metabolites of proglumetacin maleate, desproglumideproglumetacin maleate and indomethacin, had effects similar to those of proglumetacin maleate on these four parameters on an equimolar dose basis. Unlike these three drugs, dexamethasone decreased the leukotriene B4 content of the pouch exudate. These results suggest that the action of proglumetacin maleate is qualitatively the same as that of indomethacin in vivo; that is, it inhibits cyclo-oxygenase in inflammatory sites.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Effects of the mass screening of neuroblastoma in Sapporo City.

One hundred sixty-seven cases of neuroblastoma in the Registry of Childhood Malignancies in Hokkaido Prefecture from 1969 to 1984 were studied, using the age at diagnosis, the clinical stage at diagnosis, and the survival rate to assess the influence of the mass screening of neuroblastoma performed in Sapporo City since 1981. In Sapporo City, the capital of Hokkaido Prefecture, the condition of the three parameters improved significantly after the institution of mass screening (e.g., the 48-month survival rate improved--from 21.3% to 87.5%). In Hokkaido Prefecture (Sapporo City excluded), however, where the mass screening had not yet been performed, no significant change was observed in any of the three parameters (48-month survival rate changed only from 21.1% to 28.1%). Consequently, the improvement in Sapporo City was thought to be attributable to the effects of the mass screening.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Chromium content of organs of chromate workers with lung cancer.

The content of chromium was measured in organs of six chromate workers who had worked in a chromate chemical manufacturing plant, had been exposed to a considerable amount of chromium for over 10 years, and had died of lung cancer. The chromium in the lungs of workers averaged 51.5 micrograms/g (range 24.8-210 micrograms/g), while levels in the lungs of non-exposed controls were 0.07-1.01 micrograms/g. Organs other than the lungs of the workers also had more chromium than those of the controls. Moreover, it was apparent that the metal remained in the lungs long after exposure to chromate had ceased.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Immunological studies on delayed hypersensitivity to phenytoin--II. The delayed skin reaction induced by BSA-phenytoin conjugate.

Remarkable swelling of the foot pad was induced in guinea pigs sensitized with BSA-phenytoin by challenging with BSA-phenytoin or EA-phenytoin. Forty-eight hours after local injection of a mixture of exudate cells obtained from the abdominal cavity of sensitized guinea pigs. and BSA (EA)-phenytoin, both erythema and induration developed at the injection sites in normal guinea pigs. At the sites exhibiting these skin reactions, an exudation of mononuclear leukocytes was noted. In addition, macrophages obtained from the abdominal cavity of phenytoin-sensitized animals showed a low migration index in the presence of phenytoin. When phenytoin was administered to rats (p.o.), large amounts of the compound were detected in the gingiva and there was a good correlation between the tissue and serum phenytoin concentrations. These findings indicate that the etiology of gingival hyperplasia produced by chronic administration of phenytoin may be related in some way to a delayed-type hypersensitivity induced by the drug.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Histogenesis of unique elastinophilic fibers of elastofibroma: ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies.

Electron microscopy and both light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical tests for elastin were employed to study the morphogenesis of the unique elastinophilic fibers of an elastofibroma removed from the subscapular region of a 62-year-old woman. Ultrastructurally, as shown by tannic acid stain, elastinophilic fibers of the elastofibroma consisted of central cores and outer zones. The latter were composed of various sizes of vaguely demarcated, irregularly shaped amorphous components and compactly and randomly arranged large amounts of microfibrils. The electron microscopic immunohistochemical results showed that the small-sized amorphous components and microfibrils in the outer zones of the elastinophilic fibers were stained evenly and of granular texture, but the vaguely outlined large amorphous components were not stained. These findings were interpreted as indicating that the amorphous components of the outer zones of elastinophilic fibers were less compact and allowed the penetration of antielastin antibody. The unique elastinophilic fibers of elastofibromas appear not to be formed by the degeneration of the fibers but by abnormal elastogenesis, including an abnormal arrangement of microfibrils.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

Clinical course and prognosis of chronic pancreatitis.

Course and prognosis of 125 patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) were evaluated. Follow-up period ranged from 1-20 years with a median of 6.3 years. The following conclusions were obtained. Recent increase of CP in our clinics was ascribed to alcoholic CP and idiopathic CP in the aged. Of 106 patients with pain, 74 showed improvement or disappearance of pain. Drinking habit and observation period were the main factors determining the rate of pain relief. Serial endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) showed aggravation in 17/47 patients, cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ) secretin test in 4/40 patients, and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in 7/25 patients. Exocrine function showed improvement in five patients, whereas endocrine function showed none. Improvement or aggravation of exocrine function was closely related to drinking habit. Main complications included 15 cases of peptic ulcer, 19 of pancreatic pseudocyst, and 15 of bile duct stenosis. Twenty-six patients died, often due to malignant neoplasms and diabetic complications. Those who continued drinking as much showed a lower survival rate than those who discontinued or decreased alcohol intake. The socioeconomic status deteriorated often due to pain or alcoholism. Three patients had to degrade jobs and six fell into inactive social life.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Effects of NC-1300 and its degradation products on gastric secretion and HCl.ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats.

The proton pump inhibitor NC-1300 has antisecretory and cytoprotective activities in rats. The compound is labile at an acidic pH and degrades into various products. We attempted to identify these products after treatment at different pHs in vitro using HPLC. We also examined whether (A) NC-1300 treated at acidic pHs loses its efficacy on gastric secretion and gastric lesions and (B) whether the degradation products of NC-1300 have pharmacological effects in rats. The acidic degradation products proved to be mainly NC-1300-sulfide and partly o-dimethylaminobenzylalcohol (o-DMABA) and benzimidazole (BI). NC-1300, pretreated at pH 1.0, 1.25 or 1.5 for 30 min and given p.o. at 30 mg/kg, significantly inhibited gastric acid secretion in pylorus ligated rats and prevented development of HCl X ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions. The degree of antisecretory and cytoprotective activities by NC-1300 treated at pH 1.5 was almost the same as that obtained by NC-1300 treated at pH 7.0. NC-1300-sulfide or mixtures of degradation products, with or without unchanged NC-1300, also significantly inhibited the gastric acid secretion and lesion formation. We conclude that while NC-1300 degrades at low pHs, the compound treated at such a low pH exerts pharmacological effects presumably by the unchanged form of NC-1300 and/or its degradation products.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗