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Biomedical subjects

H Miyake

Publications and source records attributed to H Miyake.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Effects of ingested 4000ppm aluminum on the essential metals, especially zinc, in intact and ethanol treated mice.

The effects of ingested Al on the essential metals were investigated using mice. Animals were divided into 4 groups: 1) Control, 2) Al, 3) EtOH and 4) Al+EtOH groups. Powdered commercial food, containing 1.26% P, 1.36% Ca, 70ppm Zn, 15ppm Cu, 200ppm Fe and 3.1ppm Al, was used to prepare the diets. For Al-treated groups, Al(AlCl3) was added to powdered food at a concentration of 4000ppm. The co-existing effect of EtOH which is known to affect the essential metals, was also investigated as a possible modulater of Al toxicity at a concentration of 5% for 22 days, followed by 10% for 36 days in the drinking water. After 58 days feeding with food containing Al and / or EtOH containing water, the Al effects on serum and femur P and Ca were found to be slight except for a significant decrease of serum P concentration in the Al+EtOH group. In this group, femur weight was less and femur Al concentration was more compared with the Al group. The effects on Fe and Cu were little. We observed a significant decrease of serum Zn concentration with 4000ppm Al diet in both the Al-treated groups. The fact that serum ALPase activity, a Zn enzyme, increased in disregard of a significant decrease of serum Zn concentration suggested the enzyme release from injures tissues. It is noticeable that a significant decrease of serum Zn concentration was observed when dietary Zn was sufficient. It is reported that the dietary intake of Zn is under the recommended allowance for many people. Since Al compounds are widely used as drugs, food additives and a conditioned latent Zn deficiency is rather common in human diseases, the effects of Al on the Zn metabolism are to be investigated further.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1987

[Epidemiology of neuroblastoma].

From the Childhood Cancer Registry in Japan, incidence of neuroblastoma was 1 among 100,000-150,000 children under the age of 15 years, and 25% of them were under 1 year old. But, mass-screening for this tumor in infancy showed incidence of detection of 1:5,000 babies. Even if we presume that all of the tumor cases--if not screened with the risk of developing later--were detected in infancy, this is more than the expected incidence. To explain this, we postulated 4 patterns in the natural growth of this tumor. After the start of mass-screening, the number of the patients with this tumor in much earlier stage and younger age increased and this was the main cause of improvement of the results of treatment.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Local control rate of split-course irradiation combined with chemotherapy for head and neck cancer.

Between 1976 and 1984, 99 patients were treated with radical external irradiation (RT) for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck excluding the glottis and paranasal cavity. Twenty-six out of 55 patients (47%) on chemotherapy (CT) were treated by split-course (split) RT, mainly because of acute mucositis. Only 8 out of 44 patients (18%) not on CT were treated by split RT. Although the group given split RT alone rested for 14 days and received 35 Gy, the split RT + CT group rested for 16 days and received a lower dose (30.5 Gy). The mean total doses for each treatment modality were 64 Gy in the continuous course (contin.) of RT alone, 63 Gy in contin. RT + CT, 67 Gy in split RT, and 62 Gy in split RT + CT. The observed/predicted (by a Radiation Therapy Oncology Group) control ratios of primary lesions at 2 yrs were 61/80 (0.76), 72/83 (0.87), 75/73 (1.03), and 69/71 (0.97), respectively. Among patients with a predicted rate of over 80%, the observed rates were almost identical (72%, 74%, 4/4, and 75%, respectively). However, for patients with predicted rates of 50-80%, the observed rate was 71% (12/17) in the group given combined therapy against 50% (5/10) in RT alone group. Among patients with predicted rates under 50%, the observed rate was 57% (4/7) in split RT + CR and only 25% (1/4) in contin. RT; there were no cases in contin. RT + CT. Split RT + CT is considered to be favorable for patients with poor prognostic factors.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Host and environmental risk factors of ovarian cancer].

A case-control study of 65 women with ovarian epithelial carcinoma and 130 individually age-matched controls were conducted from 1985 to 1986 in Hokkaido. The following factors were significantly greater in the cases than in the controls: higher prevalence of breast, uterine, or ovarian cancer of their mother or sister; nulliparous; less experience in induced abortion; less frequent ligation of Fallopian tubes; irregular menstruation around at 20 years of age; past history of pathological amenorrhea in the premenopausal group; daily meat or fish consumption in the postmenopausal group. It is inferred that women with ovarian cancer had a genetical predisposition and dysfunctional ovaries from early in the life.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

[Possible reduction of cervical cancer by the use of barrier-type contraceptives].

Forty-four cervical cancer inpatients and 44 individually age-matched controls were surveyed. As a result, the number of the cases whose partners used condoms for contraception was significantly lower than that of the controls (P less than 0.01; the odds ratio = 0.2). The same result was obtained after adjusting possible confounding variables such as the number of pregnancies and use of other contraceptive methods. Barrier-type contraceptives like condoms may reduce the incidence of sexually transmitted viral infections, which it has been suggested are associated with the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Seasonal variations in vanillylmandelic acid and homovanillic acid in infants' urine.

Seasonal variations in urinary levels of vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) have been investigated over a two-year period, using 31,466 filter-paper specimens of urine from infants of 6 months of age who underwent Sapporo City's screening for neuroblastoma. Levels of both VMA and HVA (micrograms/mg creatinine) were significantly higher in summer (11.48 +/- 7.40, n = 7,569, and 18.70 +/- 8.18, n = 7,582, respectively) than in winter (10.72 +/- 5.76, n = 8,143, and 16.46 +/- 7.17, n = 8,148, respectively) throughout the two years (P less than 0.01, t-test). Although the cause of this difference could not be found, its actual clinical relevance was thought to be small since there was no significant relation between monthly rate of re-screened infants and monthly mean levels of VMA or HVA (P greater than 0.05, Spearman-Rank correlation).

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1987

Establishment of cut off values for vanillylmandelic acid and homovanillic acid in 24-hr urine accumulation during mass screening for neuroblastoma.

The establishment of cut off values in vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) in 24-hr urine specimens for the purpose of separating true positive cases from normal infants has been discussed. The specimens were collected at the time when thorough examinations under a mass screening programme for neuroblastoma were taking place, and data from 17 infants with neuroblastoma (patients) and 50 healthy infants (controls) have been employed. The function square root VMA2 + HVA2 = 34 (micrograms/mg of creatinine) separated the two groups with no overlapping cases. This function represents the distance from the origin of the VMA-HVA co-ordinates, and is thought to be one of the most reasonable discriminant methods when considering the distribution pattern of the data for normal cases and patients.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗