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Biomedical subjects

H Kohno

Publications and source records attributed to H Kohno.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Disappearance of the co-existing aneurysm and arteriovenous malformation after wrapping of aneurysm (author's transl)].

The authors reported a case of an arteriovenous malformation associated with an aneurysm on its feeding vessel that is the left anterior inferior cerebellar artery. A housewife, aged 56-years, was admitted to our hospital with severe headache, nausea and vomiting. On admission, lumbar puncture revealed grossly bloody CSF. Neurological examination revealed meningeal irritation sign, horizontal nystgmus and disturbance of left auditory acuity. Bilateral carotid and retrograde brachial arteryography revealed an AVM near the left cerebellopontine angle and a small aneurysm of the left anterior inferior cerebellar artery at the left internal auditory meatus. At operation, the aneurysm was wrapped with a muscle piece and no surgical intervention for AVM. Post-operative course was uneventful except for disterbance of the left auditory acuity. Follow-up angiographies revealed a change of size the aneurysm and AVM and finaly failed to demonstrate the aneurysm and AVM demonstrated preoperatively. The spontaneous regression of the AVM might be due to the post-operative brain swelling and adhesion. We also speculated that the spontaneous disappearance of the aneurysm might be due to the decreased blood flow of parent artery by the spontaneous regression of the AVM. It is very rare that an aneurysm of anterior inferior cerebellar artery co-existed with AVM, and resulted in thrombosis of the aneurysm and regression of the AVM after wrapping alone.

Arteries↗
PubMed1979

Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with associated cirrhosis.

During the recent 10 years, 105 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were admitted to our clinic. Seventy of them had an associated cirrhosis of the liver. The therapeutic results of these 70 patients were analyzed according to the mode of treatment. The mean survival periods after admission were as follows; No cancer treatment group (12 patients) 79 days, Chemotherapy group regardless of the mode of administration (25 patients) 97 days, Hepatic artery ligation with chemotherapy group (16 patients) 197 days. Hepatic resection was carried out in 17 patients; partial hepatectomy in 5, left lateral segmentectomy in 1, left lobectomy in 3, and right lobectomy in 8. The 50% survival period of all the hepatectomized patients was 8.5 months. Seven patients are living 5 months to 3 years after operation. Five patients died of recurrence of hepatoma between 4 months and 3 years and 2 months postoperatively. Five individuals died of causes related to the operation; two hepatic failure, two fatal infection, and one massive haemorrhage from acute duodenal ulcer. The results indicated that hepatic resection, from partial to extensive, might be possible even in patients with associated cirrhosis but more exact criteria are mandatory in selecting patients for major hepatic resection. Hepatic artery ligation with chemotherapy should be the first choice for those with nonresectable hepatoma. Continuous infusion of oncolytic agents into the hepatic artery may be considered for those in whom arterial ligation is contraindicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[A case of multiple chemodectoma: clinical and electron microscopical studies].

We observed electronmicroscopically and clinically a case of multiple chemodectoma, which has occurred from glomus caroticum sinistra and glomus jugularis sinistra of a 18 year old boy. The diagnosis was especially made by an angiography of the left common carotid artery and by a retrograde venography of the left internal jugular vein. Electronmicroscopically two kinds of tumor cells in this chemodectoma were identified. These cytoplasmas showed cored neurosecretory granules measured 125 to 250 A in diameter markedly increasing in number. Moreover in the island of the tumor cells of the carotid body tumor we happened to observe the nerve ending.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Pharmacological actions of intracerebrally administered polyamines in mice.

Pharmacological actions of spermidine (SPD) and spermine (SPM) in mice given these polyamines by intracerebral injection (i.c.) were investigated. The spontaneous motor activity (SMA) assessed by the photocell counter method did not change immediately following injection of 80 mug SPD, but was enhanced 24 hours after the injection of 40 or 80 mug. A significant decrease of SMA was not immediately evident after the administration of 40 mug SPM but was demonstrated 24 hours later. Mice given single doses of 20 mug SPD exhibited increase in weight gain and those given 40 mug showed no significant difference, whereas a conspicuous decrease in weight occurred in mice given 80 mug of SPD. The body weights of mice given single doses of 10 mug SPM remained much the same, while significant weight losses occurred in both the SPM 20 mug and 40 mug dosed groups. There was a significant prolongation of pentobarbital induced sleep 6 days after the injection of high doses of SPD or SPM. Similar prolongation of sleeping time was also evident 30 minutes after the injection of SPM. A maximal hypothermic response with a fall by about 1 degree C was observed immediately following injection of 80 mug of SPD and 24 hours after the injection of 40 mug SPM, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of preoperative transcatheter arterial embolization in the treatment of resectable primary liver cancer.

The effects of preoperative transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) and intra-arterial injection of Lipiodol were retrospectively evaluated in patients with resectable hepatocellular carcinoma experienced during two different periods of time. In the TAE study, there were 31 patients with TAE and 107 patients without TAE. In the Lipiodol study, 60 patients had received Lipiodol injection and 68 patients served as controls. Curative hepatic resection was performed in all cases. As such preceding treatments had been performed at other hospitals, two comparing groups were fairly randomized in both the TAE and the Lipiodol study. Preoperative TAE did not influence the postoperative morbidity and mortality rates, cause of late death, and long-term survival rate in overall patients, but seemed to produce a better survival in noncirrhotic patients. Antitumor effect by Lipiodol injection was found in that the cancer free survival rate was significantly better in the group with Lipiodol injection. However, the overall 5-year survival rate was significantly better in the group without Lipiodol (67%) than in the group with Lipiodol (26%). The present study may indicate that preoperative TAE or Lipiodol injection should not be routinely performed. Such treatments may produce a substantial benefit only in selected patients with good hepatic functional reserve.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Appraisal of distal splenorenal shunt in the treatment of esophageal varices: an analysis of prophylactic, emergency, and elective shunts.

From June, 1969 to February, 1987, distal splenorenal shunt was carried out on 78 patients with esophagogastric varices. The operations were urgent in 9, elective in 40, and prophylactic in 29 patients. There were 52 males and 26 females. Age ranged from 16 to 76 years with an average of 53 years. Thirty-seven patients were alcoholics. Hepatitis B surface antigen was positive in only 15.5%. The causes of portal hypertension were cirrhosis of the liver in 67, chronic hepatitis in 5, idiopathic portal hypertension in 4, primary biliary cirrhosis in 1, and fatty liver in 1 patient. Fifty-two patients were in Child's class A, 18 in class B, and 8 in class C. Emergency shunts were performed only when conservative therapy had failed to stop variceal bleeding. Prophylactic operations were done in patients having Child's class A or class B liver disease and risky varices, in varices larger than 5 mm in diameter and/or varices with red color signs such as cherry red spots. Forty-two patients underwent the original Warren shunt, but the remaining 36 had modified distal splenorenal shunt with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene interposition. The operative mortality rates were 11.1% in the emergency group, 2.5% in the elective group, and 3.4% in the prophylactic group. The overall operative and hospital death rates were 3.8% and 7.7%, respectively. The patency rate was 94.1% and the incidence of rebleeding from esophageal varices was 3.8%. Hepatic encephalopathy, although mild to moderate in degree, was observed in 14.7% of 75 patients excluding 3 operative deaths.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of topical hemostatic agents in elective hepatic resection: a clinical prospective randomized trial.

To compare the difference in efficacy of microcrystalline collagen powder (CL) and fibrin glue (FG) in elective hepatic resection, 62 patients (female 14, male 48) with ages ranging from 51 to 75 years were randomly allocated to receive either CL or FG as a topical agent during hepatectomy. There were no significant differences between the patients treated with CL (n = 31) and those treated with FG (n = 31) regarding sex, age, liver function, coagulation function, platelet counts, type of liver resection, and operative duration. A dry cut surface of the liver was obtained during surgery in 27 (87%) patients and 25 (81%) patients treated with CL and FG, respectively. Both CL and FG showed similar hemostatic effects. The CL and FG groups were not different in terms of postoperative rebleeding, bile leakage, or morbidity and mortality rates (6% vs. 6%, 6% vs. 6%, 45% vs. 39%, and 13% vs. 10%, respectively). Of the 52 patients with a dry cut surface of the liver during surgery, 3 patients in the CL group encountered rebleeding (n = 1) or bile leakage (n = 2) from the cut surface postoperatively, while no such complications were noted in the FG group. The results seem to favor FG for reliability in the postoperative period. The application of CL or FG may be better performed with consideration of the characteristics of each agent.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neurilemmoma of the diaphragm mimicking a liver tumor: case report.

A 47-year-old male with a solid, previously cystic tumor in the subphrenic part of the liver consulted for surgery. Laparotomy showed a well-circumscribed tumor originating from the diaphragm, which made a significant depression in the liver. Complete removal of the tumor was achieved. Pathologic examination led to a diagnosis of neurilemmoma originating from the diaphragm.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of preoperative transcatheter arterial oily chemoembolization for resectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

To clarify the effect of preoperative transcatheter arterial oily chemoembolization (TAOE) for resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on long-term survival after curative resection, we retrospectively evaluated 60 patients with and 68 patients without preoperative TAOE. Although there was no substantial difference in the clinical backgrounds between the two groups, the 5-year survival rate was lower for the patients with preoperative TAOE than for those without TAOE: 24% versus 63%, respectively (p < 0.05). A worse survival rate was particularly observed for the cirrhotic patients with TAOE than for those without TAOE: 35% and 72% at 4 years, respectively (p < 0.01). As the cause of death, liver failure and gastrointestinal bleeding were more frequent in the patients with TAOE (13.3% versus 1.5%;p < 0.05). Although the TAOE seemed to retard intrahepatic recurrence during the first 1.5 years after operation (1.7% versus 10.3%;p < 0.05), the overall cancer death rate was similar between the two groups (18.3% versus 11.8%). Therefore we suggest that preoperative TAOE must not be performed for resectable HCC as a routine procedure, particularly in patients with cirrhosis. A prospective randomized trial is warranted to elucidate the merits and demerits of preoperative TAOE for surgically resectable HCC.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Image restoration from nonuniform static field influence in modified echo-planar imaging.

Experimental results of images restored from the influence of nonuniform static fields in modified echo-planar imaging are presented. The same restoration technique is used as that proposed for Fourier imaging. Experimental results show that both density variation and geometrical distortion can almost completely be eliminated in the restored image. Image restoration can relax the stringent requirement on the amplitude of the time-modulated gradient needed in modified echo-planar imaging.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging↗