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Biomedical subjects

H Kohno

Publications and source records attributed to H Kohno.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[The relationship between serum immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) and cellular immunity in the patients with gastric cancer].

IAP (immunosuppressive acidic protein), one of the serum immunosuppressive factors, was investigated in the preoperative patients with gastric cancer. IAP values in sera from patients increased in accordance with advances of the disease. In the study of quantitative correlation of IAP with immunological parameters, IAP values correlated slightly with lymphocyte proliferative response to PHA, while a significant correlation between IAP values and spontaneous suppressor T cell activities was noted (p less than 0.01). These results suggested that IAP as well as immune complex might serve as a signal for the activation of suppressor T cells in vivo.

Concanavalin A↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of d-pseudoephedrine on the central nervous system in mice].

Some pharmacological actions of intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered d-pseudoephedrine (d-pseudo) on the central nervous system of mice were compared with those of l-ephedrine (l-eph). Locomotor activity was increased by l-eph (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg,) but not by d-pseudo (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg). Wheel-revolving activity was reduced by a 200 mg/kg dose of both drugs. Rectal temperature was increased by l-eph at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg. However, it was decreased by 50 and 100 mg/kg doses of d-pseudo, and the change in response to 200 mg/kg of d-pseudo was biphasic, decreasing first and increasing subsequently. Pentobarbital-induced sleeping time was shortened by l-eph (50 and 100 mg/kg), but was not influenced by any of the doses of d-pseudo. In the experiment on locomotor activity, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (400 mg/kg, i.p.) potentiated the effects of d-pseudo and l-eph, but reserpine (1 mg/kg, day X 5 days, i.p.) and 6-hydroxydopamine (40 micrograms/mouse, intracerebroventricular injection) potentiated only the effect of l-eph. These results suggest that the effect of d-pseudo on the central nervous system of mouse is not only weaker than that of l-eph, but also the mechanisms of action of these two substances are different.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Intracranial hematoma secondary to chronic DIC (author's transl)].

Five cases of intracranial hematoma secondary to chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome (DIC) were reported. Intracranial hematomas included a case of acute subdural hematoma combined with intracerebral hematoma and 4 cases of acute or subacute hematoma. Primary diseases which caused DIC were cancer; a case of carcinoma of choledochus and 4 cases of gastric carcinoma. All cases were in the advanced stage of carcinoma or at least, had metastasis to other organs. They showed coagulation disorders, such as, the reduction of platelets and the hemorrhagic diastasis, which were referred as chronic DIC, before the onset of intracranial hematoma. After the onset of intracranial hematoma, their coagulation disorders got worse and were diagnosed as acute DIC. They showed the rising of FDP, reduction of the serum fibrinogen and platelets and others. The blood transfusion and the trivial head injury were considered a triggers of exacervation from chronic DIC to acute DIC, that is, from compensated DIC to decompensated DIC. The long-term administration of anticancer drugs might play a part of the role as triggers. Initial symptoms of intracranial hematoma were headache in 4 case and dullness in a case. Three cases immediately lapsed into coma after 1 to 2 hours from the onset. Two cases turned out coma state after 4 to 5 days from the onset. Evacuations of hematoma were performed in 3 cases but they gave rise to rebleeding of intracranial hematomas later. All of 5 cases including surgically and non-surgically treated cases died at last. It is certain that DIC is rather common in the advanced stage of cancer. Matsuda reported that DIC existed in 20% of died patients with cancer. Though the incidence of intracranial hematoma secondary to DIC were less than that of cerebral infarct, it is no reasonable to assume that the actual number of the intracranial hematoma secondary to chronic DIC is rare.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Purification and properties of guanylate kinase from baker's yeast.

Guanylate kinase (ATP:(d)GMP phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.4.8) was purified about 200-fold with 4% yield from baker's yeast. The enzyme preparation showed a single band on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the molecular weight of the enzyme was calculated to be 25 000 by gel filtration. With ATP as a phosphate donor, the kinase used only GMP as a phosphate acceptor. Km values for ATP and GMP were 0.5 and 0.048 mM, respectively. The enzyme reacted optimally at pH 7.5. The enzyme was labile during storage at 4 degrees C and inactivation was prevented by 20% glycerol.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1981

Ten-year survival after synchronous resection of liver metastasis from intestinal leiomyosarcoma.

This paper reports on a case of intestinal leiomyosarcoma with metastases to the liver, peritoneum, and omentum, which has been successfully treated with four operations. The initial operation was performed for a primary intestinal leiomyosarcoma and intraperitoneal seeding. Three months later "shelling out" of a liver metastasis was carried out. The patient has subsequently been operated upon twice for abdominal recurrence at six years and nine months, and nine years and six months, respectively. The patient is free from symptoms and is working now, ten years after resection of metastasic leiomyosarcoma of the liver. A review of the literatures has revealed that our patient is the first ten-year survivor after resection of hepatic metastasis of leiomyosarcoma. An aggressive surgery is acceptable in selected patients who have spreading leiomyosarcoma of the bowel.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1981

Unusual case of progressive systemic sclerosis with onset in early childhood and following infectious mononucleosis.

A rare case of infantile progressive systemic sclerosis is reported. A Japanese girl suffered from infectious mononucleosis at the age of 1 year 3 months, and 5 months later she developed edema and sclerosis of the skin. She has been followed up for 4 years and now has grotesque features, with contractures of hands and feet due to advanced systemic sclerosis. The relationship between infectious mononucleosis and progressive systemic sclerosis is discussed.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1981

Effects of intracerebroventricular administration of aliphatic diamines on ingestive behavior in the rat.

We examined the pharmacological effects of intracerebroventricularly administered aliphatic diamines on ingestive behavior in male rats adapted to a 4 hr per day feeding and drinking schedule. 1,2-Ethanediamine (ETD), 1,3-propanediamine (PRD), 1,4-butanediamine (putrescine, PUT), 1,5-pentanediamine (cadaverine, CAD) and 1,6-hexanediamine (HED) suppressed feeding and drinking behavior in a dose-dependent manner, but not unless a relatively high dose (over 80 micrograms) was given. The approximate anorectic potency was HED greater than CAD divided by PUT greater than ETD greater than PRD. A sedation was also produced in fairly good parallel to these alterations in feeding and drinking behavior. Thus, there appears to be a relationship between the length of the carbon chain and the potency of the pharmacological action, and these inhibitory effects on feeding and drinking behavior are probably not due to a specific action on the regulatory system for ingestive behavior, but rather to a nonspecific action.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Changes in ingestive behavior, serum glucose and free fatty acids concentrations in rats following intracerebroventricular injection of spermine.

We examined the changes in ingestive behavior, serum glucose (Glc) and free fatty acids (FFA) concentrations in male rats following intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of spermine (SPM). In satiated rats, over a 53.3 nmol of SPM suppressed feeding and drinking behavior in a dose-dependent manner. The median suppressive dose was 90.8 nmol for feeding behavior and 68.3 nmol for drinking behavior. Spermidine also suppressed ingestive behavior but the potency was appreciable weak compared to that of SPM, and the occurrence of the maximal suppression was observed 2-3 days later than that of SPM. The most significant anorexia and adipsia induced by SPM appeared between 16 and 36 hr after i.c.v. administration. SPM (180 nmol) produced a biphasic increase in serum Glc concentration. The 1st peak was at 1 hr and the other peak was 24 hr after the dosing. The same dose of SPM elevated serum FFA concentrations gradually, and the maximal increase appeared 24 hr after the injection. As less than a 120 nmol dose of SPM did not alter serum Glc and FFA concentrations, there seems to be no causal relation between SPM-induced anorexia, and changes in serum Glc and FFA concentrations. Nevertheless, the findings that a very small dose of SPM produced anorexia and adipsia support the possibility that SPM may play some functional role in the brain.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Effects of intraperitoneally administered spermine on ingestive behavior, serum glucose and free fatty acids concentrations in rats (author's transl)].

The intraperitoneal administration of spermine (SPM) produced a dual-phasic feeding suppression. The first suppression appeared immediately after the administration and disappeared on the 2nd day. The next suppression was observed on the 3rd day and continued for 2-4 days. The 50% dose which induced suppression on the 3rd day was 64.9 (60.9-69.2) mumol/kg. Drinking behavior was also suppressed on the 1st day, but was facilitated on the 2nd day and lasted for 4-5 days. Serum glucose and free fatty acids concentrations increased after the administration of SPM (80 mumol/kg). Their maximal values obtained at 3 hours after the dosing were 116% and 156% of the control values, respectively. These increases in both substances were not observed in the adrenal-demedullated rats. The same dose of SPM enhanced serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase activities. The maximal values obtained at 2 hours after the dosing were 264% and 142% of the control values, respectively. On the contrary, serum cholinesterase activity decreased to 44% of the control value at the same hour. These variations of the enzyme activities disappeared at 3 hour, but were again observed between the 1st and 4th days. The results suggest that SPM releases catecholamines from the adrenal medulla, and exerts a toxic action on the liver. The anorexia induced by SPM may be due to these actions on the viscera.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1980

Purification, properties and formation of arginine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase in Arthrobacter simplex.

Arginine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase was purified 460-fold with 1.4% yield from Arthrobacter simplex grown on arginine as a carbon source. The preparation was more than 90% pure on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the molecular weight of the enzyme was calculated to be 110 000. The enzyme exhibited absorption maxima at 280, 330 and 370 nm. The 370 nm peak decreased with increase in the 330 nm peak on addition of arginine Km values for arginine, alpha-ketoglutarate, glutamate and alpha-keto-delta-guanidinovalerate were 2.9, 8.1, 25 and 0.30 mM, respectively. Those for pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate were 0.25 and 0.57 microM. The enzyme reacted optimally at pH 8.0--8.5. The synthesis of arginine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase was inducible by arginine and alpha-keto-delta-guanidinovalerate.

Arthrobacter↗
PubMed1980

HLA antigens as immunogenetic markers of alcoholism and alcoholic liver disease.

HLA antigens were studied among 94 chronic alcoholics. Concerning A and B-loci, there was no significant change of phenotype frequency (PF) in the HLA typing between the patients and controls (80 healthy subjects). However, there was a significant difference in the PF of CW3 between chronic alcoholics and controls (58.5% in alcoholics vs 30.0% in controls). The corrected p value was less than 0.05 with relative risk value being 3.29 HLA-DR loci were also detected in 26 patients, but there was no significant difference between the patients and controls. All alcoholics were subdivided according to the hepatic morphology, and the PF of HLA was examined. A significant high frequency of HLA CW3 was found in patients with hepatitis (64%) compared to controls (30%). There was also an increased PF of CW3 in the liver cirrhosis group (59% in cirrhosis group vs 30% in controls). In conclusion, chronic alcoholics have a significantly higher PF of HLA-CW3 as compared to controls. This characteristic feature becomes even more distinct in alcoholics with severe hepatic lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Pituitary cretinism in two sisters.

Two sisters with cretinism are reported. Each showed low levels of serum triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). In the elder sister, serum TSH did not increase after administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone. We conclude that cretinism in these 2 sisters was due to TSH deficiency. This is the second report of 'familial' pituitary cretinism (TSH-deficient congenital hypothyroidism).

Congenital Hypothyroidism↗