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Biomedical subjects

H Kishi

Publications and source records attributed to H Kishi.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Degradation of arachidonyl phospholipids catalyzed by two phospholipases A2 and phospholipase C in a lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophage cell line RAW264.7.

The release of arachidonate was stimulated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in a murine macrophage-like cell line, RAW264.7. We measured phospholipase activities in cell-free homogenates of macrophages with 2-arachidonyl PC, PE, and PI as substrates. The activities of two phospholipases A2, catalyzing cleavage of arachidonate preferentially either from PC or PE, were detected. These two phospholipase A2 activities showed different pH optima and Ca2+ requirements; the cleavage of arachidonate from PC showed an optimal pH of 7.0 and was Ca2+-dependent, while that from PE showed an optimal pH of 7.5 but was Ca2+-independent. The cleavage of arachidonate from PI showed a different pH profile and was Ca2+-dependent, and diglyceride (DG) was detected as well as arachidonate, suggesting that both phospholipase C and DG lipase participate in this reaction. We next examined these phospholipase activities in homogenates of macrophages pretreated with LPS. All of the phospholipase activities increased at 0.5 h after LPS treatment, and this level was retained for more than 2 h in 2-arachidonyl PC degradation, continued up to 1 h and then dropped to the control level in 2-arachidonyl PE degradation, and suddenly dropped to the control level after 0.5 h in 2-arachidonyl PI degradation. These results suggest that the cleavage of 2-arachidonate from PC, PE, and PI is essentially catalyzed through different pathways, two phospholipase A2 activities being involved in PC and PE breakdown, and phospholipase C and DG lipase activities in PI breakdown, and that the activities of these substrate-specific phospholipases change in response to LPS treatment in macrophages.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Moyamoya disease with persistent primitive hypoglossal artery. Case report].

A 44-year-old female developed aphasia and visual disturbance of the left eye. Four-vessel angiography showed occlusion of the extra- and intracranial portions of the right internal carotid artery, severe stenosis of the left internal carotid fork, bilateral moyamoya vessels, and a persistent primitive hypoglossal artery on the left side. Measurement of cerebral blood flow by 133xe inhalation revealed decreased flow and no response to acetazolamide loading in the left cerebral hemisphere. The patient underwent superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery anastomosis, first on the left and then on the right side. There have been no other reported cases of moyamoya disease associated with a persistent primitive hypoglossal artery. Although the cause of moyamoya disease remains to be established, it is generally believed that stenotic changes of the carotid fork cause the development of moyamoya vessels as collateral pathways. According to this theory, there is no significant etiological relationship between moyamoya disease and persistent primitive hypoglossal artery. However, persistent primitive hypoglossal artery is compatible with moyamoya disease in terms of providing a collateral pathway via the vertebrobasilar system.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Spinal epidural cavernous hemangioma. Case report].

Spinal epidural cavernous hemangiomas are very rare; only 18 cases have been reported in the literature. The authors describe the case of a 38-year-old male whose first symptom was numbness of the foot, which, after 2 years, spread to the abdomen. On admission, he had no weakness but exhibited hyper-reflex of the lower limbs and hypalgesia below the 7th thoracic dermatome. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an extradural tumor at the level of the 7th thoracic vertebra, with erosion of the 7th vertebral body. T1-weighted images were obtained by inversion recovery with a repetition time (TR) of 2100 msec, an inversion time of 600 msec, and an echo time (TE) of 40 msec. T2-weighted images were obtained by a spin echo pulse sequence with a TR of 2000 msec and a TE of 120 msec. Compared with the spinal cord, the tumor showed low intensity on T1-weighted images and high intensity on T2-weighted images. The tumor was removed through a laminectomy. The histological diagnosis was cavernous hemangioma. After surgery, the patient's symptoms and signs improved. This is the first report of a spinal epidural cavernous hemangioma that includes MRI findings. It appears difficult to differentiate cavernous angiomas from neurinomas by MRI.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of acute airway obstruction with sharp sawdust particles, successfully treated by extracorporeal lung assist].

A 17 year-old male accidentally fell into a loading shute filled with sharp particles of sawdust. He aspirated a large amount of sawdust and suffered from acute airway obstruction accompanied by barotrauma, probably due to severe cough and tissue damage from the needle sharp sawdust particles. Ordinary mechanical ventilation was not enough to keep normal gas exchange. To sustain life, a venovenous extracorporeal lung assist, ECLA, with two Kolobow membrane lungs was performed. Under ECLA, the sawdust particles were removed from the airway one by one with a bronchofiber scope taking almost 10 hours. Then the left lung lavage was performed with normal saline to remove finer sawdust. The patient survived these procedures and was weaned from ECLA after 36 hrs. His recovery was uneventful.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A portable manual sternal compressor for cardiac massage of a patient under transportation--1. Evolution after trials and errors].

Difficulties of external cardiac massage during transportation of a patient on a litter or stretcher prompted us to develop a new portable manual sternal compressor. A seemingly good idea of sternal compression with an inflatable balloon placed between the sternum and a chest band engaged us in a long ordeal of trial and error until we retreated from this preconception. A practical sternal compressor has finally been created by applying two hydraulic pistons, one as a sternal compressor and the other as its push-pull energizer incorporated into a manual lever system. In this paper, one of the serial reports on this new device, all our errors are described lest some one in the future meet the same problems. Details of this new apparatus and the results of our experimental study and clinical application will soon follow this paper.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1988

Thymic major histocompatibility complex antigens and the alpha beta T-cell receptor determine the CD4/CD8 phenotype of T cells.

T-cell receptors and T-cell subsets were analysed in T-cell receptor transgenic mice expressing alpha and beta T-cell receptor genes isolated from a male-specific, H-2Db-restricted CD4-8+ T-cell clone. The results indicate that the specific interaction of the T-cell receptor on immature thymocytes with thymic major histocompatibility complex antigens determines the differentiation of CD4+8+ thymocytes into either CD4+8- or CD4-8+ mature T cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid uptake in long-term catheterized kidney. Comparison with renal function.

We studied 23 long-term catheterized kidneys in 14 patients. The uptake of 99mtechnetium dimercaptosuccinic acid (99mTc-DMSA) was measured at one- and two-hour intervals after injection, and the uptake was corrected for variations in renal depth. These values were compared with inulin, creatinine, and para-amino hippurate (PAH) clearances which were measured in each kidney by collecting urine through long-term catheterization. Correlation coefficient was obtained between PAH clearance corrected for the body surface area and the two-hour uptake of 99mTc-DMSA. The correlation coefficients between the two-hour uptake of 99mTc-DMSA and the clearance values are not significantly different from those between the one-hour uptake and the clearance values. Corrections of the uptake for variations in renal depth did not improve the correlation coefficients. The results show that 99mTc-DMSA is an excellent method to estimate the renal plasma flow and the one-hour uptake without correction for renal depth is clinically sufficient to evaluate the split renal function.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Early expression of a T-cell receptor beta-chain transgene suppresses rearrangement of the V gamma 4 gene segment.

beta transgenic mice have a T-cell receptor beta-chain gene that is prematurely expressed on the surface of CD4- CD8- thymocytes and paired with an uncharacterized non-T-cell receptor alpha-chain polypeptide. The rearrangement of the T-cell receptor variable region gamma chain gene segment V gamma 4, a component of the gamma-chain gene that is rearranged and expressed preferentially on thymocytes of normal adult mice, is severely repressed in beta transgenic mice. Consequently no gamma delta T-cell receptor heterodimers are detectable on the surface of adult thymocytes or splenic T cells. These results indicate that cells expressing alpha beta or gamma (V gamma 4)-delta TCRs originate from a common precursor in which the first productive rearrangement of either the beta or gamma locus determines the further differentiation pathway into either alpha beta or gamma delta T cells. The repression of V gamma 4 rearrangement by a preexisting beta-chain gene may be indicative of one of several mechanisms which ensure that gamma delta and alpha beta receptors do not as a rule appear on the surface of the same cell.

Alleles↗
PubMed1988

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) in seminal plasma and prostatic gland: a radioreceptor assay.

The binding ability of five different cells in culture to mouse epidermal growth factor (mEGF) was studied. A simple radioreceptor assay (RRA) using normal rat kidney cell (NRK-52E) as a source of EGF receptor was established. Maximal binding capacity and apparent dissociation constant of NRK-52E cell were 3.36 femtomoles of mEGF bound per 10(6) cells and 2.85 x 10(-11) M, respectively. EGF-like activity (EGF-LA) in seminal plasma and in cytosols of prostatic gland and seminal vesicle was 39.6 +/- 9.9 ng/ml, 0.67 +/- 0.10 ng/mg protein (mean +/- SE) and less than 0.2 ng/mg protein, respectively. The EGF-LA in seminal plasma was considered to be derived mainly from prostatic gland because the EGF-LA in cytosol of prostatic gland was higher than that of seminal vesicle.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Reductive effect on ascites, of neocarzinostatin in patients with ovarian cancer].

Neocarzinostatin (NCS) was administered intravenously by drop infusion to 16 patients with ovarian cancer, and intrathoracically to one patient. In addition to evaluation of the efficacy of the chemotherapy, we mainly investigated its effect on ascites and pleural effusion, and carried out continuous measurements of the abdominal circumference in 3 patients. NCS relieved thoracic effusion in 1 patient. We observed that abdominal circumference decreased in 10 patients after administration of NCS. The results obtained from continuous measurement of abdominal circumference revealed that NCS significantly reduced ascitic retention in ovarian cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Five-year trend in new patients with prostatic carcinoma].

Seventy-four new cases of prostatic carcinoma treated between 1981 and 1985 were analyzed. The patients were between 40 and 86 years old with a mean age of 72.2 +/- 7.7 years. More than 70% of the patients had clinical stage C and D carcinoma. All cases proved histologically to be adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Eighteen patients had well differentiated, 21 moderately differentiated and 35 poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Various hormonal treatments were performed as the initial treatment in 88.9% (64/72) of the cases. Among them, 37 cases were treated by estrogen and 22 cases by luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogues. Fourteen of 64 patients (21.9%) who received hormonal treatment discontinued the therapy within 10.1 +/- 9.1 months because of relapse of the disease or no therapeutic response. Salvage therapy following hormonal treatment were chemotherapy (9/14) and radiation therapy (4/14). During the 5-year follow up 12.1% (9/74) of the patients died due to prostatic carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Efficacy of ofloxacin in sexually transmitted male urethritis and cervicitis].

Efficacy and safety of ofloxacin (OFLX), a new quinolone antibacterial agent, were investigated in cases of sexually transmitted male urethritis and cervicitis. Chlamydial infections occupied a large part of the patients enrolled. This study was conducted in 29 institutions. A total of 1,126 patients with gonococcal, chlamydial or non-gonococcal non-chlamydial infections were enrolled in the study. The general dosing regimen of oral OFLX was 100 mg t.i.d. or 200 mg t.i.d. for 14 consecutive days. Along with the clinical efficacy evaluated by doctors in charge, therapeutic and clinical efficacies were determined according to standardized evaluation criteria. The evaluation of therapeutic efficacy was based on bacterial eradication. On the other hand, clinical efficacy was determined upon the improvement in causative bacteria, WBC counts in smear (or initial urine) specimens and urethra/cervical discharges. Clinical efficacy was determined on 7 and 14 days after starting the medication, except for gonococcal infections for which the efficacy was determined on Day 3 and Day 7. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. Efficacy evaluation by standardized criteria Therapeutic efficacy rates in gonococcal infections were 97.9% (93/95) on Day 3 and 100% (119/119) on Day 7. In chlamydial infections, the rates were 77.7% (363/467) on Day 7 and 93.6% (392/419) on Day 14. Chlamydial urethritis rated 94.8% (239/252) and cervicitis 91.6% (153/167) on Day 14. Clinical efficacy rates in gonococcal infections were 63.2% (60/95) on Day 3 and 95.8% (114/119) on Day 7. In chlamydial infections, they were 70.0% (327/467) on Day 7 and 89.7% (376/419) on Day 14. Chlamydial urethritis rated 88.5% (223/252) and cervicitis 91.6% (153/167) on Day 14. Clinical efficacy rates in non-gonococcal non-chlamydial infections were 93.3% (97/104) for male urethritis and 65.9% (27/41) for cervicitis on Day 14. 2. Clinical efficacy determined by doctors in charge A total of 1,028 cases, 752 urethritis and 276 cervicitis cases, was evaluated by doctors in charge. Clinical efficacy rates were 90.3% for urethritis and 92.4% for cervicitis. 3. Safety Safety evaluations was conducted in 1,087 patients. Side effects were observed in 23 patients among them (2.12%). None of them were deemed serious. General laboratory examinations were conducted for 169 patients. Abnormal findings were seen in 11 patients (6.51%) or 13 cases, all of which were minor. The results of this multi-center clinical trial demonstrated that OFLX is effective and well tolerated in the treatment of sexually transmitted disease (STD), both gonococcal and chlamydial infections.

Adult↗