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Biomedical subjects

H Kishi

Publications and source records attributed to H Kishi.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Effects of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on superoxide production by neutrophil in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy].

The in vivo effects of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) on the number and function of peripheral neutrophils were studied in time sequence in 9 cancer patients receiving anticancer cytotoxic chemotherapy; 6 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of urothelium treated with CAP (the combination of cyclophosphamide, adriamycin and cisplatin) and the other 3 with testicular tumor treated with PEB (the combination of cisplatin, etoposide and bleomycin). The neutrophil function was evaluated by superoxide production, measuring chemiluminescence of the neutrophil suspension by a photometer. In the 1st course, when no rhG-CSF was administered, the neutrophil function declined significantly (p < 0.01) as the peripheral neutrophil count (PNC) decreased, reached the minimum almost at the same day as PNC reached the nadir, and returned to the normal level at the beginning of the next course. In the 2nd course, when rhG-CSF (75 micrograms/body) was administered subcutaneously daily for 14 consecutive days beginning at 72 hours after the chemotherapy, the nadir of neutropenia was elevated (p < 0.01), the period of neutropenia (< 1,000/mm3) was shortened (p < 0.01), the recovery from neutropenia (> 1,500/mm3) was accelerated (p < 0.01) as compared to the 1st course, and an marked increase of PNC (p < 0.01) to the peak on the next day of the last administration of rhG-CSF was observed. In addition, deterioration of neutrophil function was alleviated (p < 0.05) and the neutrophil function was enhanced (p < 0.01-0.05) during rhG-CSF administration, even at the nadir of neutropenia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Bladder cancer associated with growth hormone-producing pituitary tumor: a case report].

A case of bladder cancer associated with a growth hormone (GH) producing pituitary tumor is reported. A 67-year-old male underwent hypophysectomy for a GH producing pituitary tumor, 31 months earlier. Although the serum GH decreased postoperatively, recurrence of pituitary tumor with increased serum GH was found and followed by a neurosurgeon. He was referred to our department for asymptomatic gross hematuria. Cystoscopy revealed a papillary pedunculated tumor. Under the diagnosis of superficial bladder tumor, transurethral resection (TUR) was performed. Pathological examination showed transitional cell carcinoma. As the bladder cancer recurred with a high level of serum GH seven months later, TUR was repeated. We reviewed and discussed the relationship between GH or GH producing tumor and bladder cancer.

Adenoma, Acidophil↗
PubMed1993

[Hemorrhagic vascular lesions in facial injuries treated by intravascular embolization: report of two cases].

We have encountered 2 cases of hemorrhagic vascular lesion in the external carotid artery system caused by facial injury. In case 1, treatment of epistaxis by nasal packing was unsuccessful. Good result was obtained by intravascular embolization in the internal maxillary artery using polyvinyl alcohol particles and gelatin sponge pieces. In case 2, massive subgaleal hemorrhage due to tearing of the middle meningeal artery caused by a skull base fracture appeared following surgery for open skull fracture. Hemostasis was performed successfully by intravascular embolization in the middle meningeal artery using microcoils and gelatin sponge pieces. In cases of facial injuries with hemorrhagic lesions in the external carotid artery system, hemostasis is generally difficult. Referring to these two cases, we think that the treatment of choice is angiography followed by intravascular embolization.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Exclusion and inclusion of alpha and beta T cell receptor alleles.

Exclusion and inclusion of T cell receptor (TCR) genes were analyzed in alpha beta TCR transgenic mice. Both transgenes are expressed unusually early on the surface of CD4-8-, HSA+, IL-2R- thymocytes. These progenitor cells give rise to progeny, which at the single-cell level contains endogenous alpha but not beta TCR-RNA as well as protein, in addition to products encoded by the transgenes. Thus, the surface expression of an alpha beta TCR does not prevent further alpha TCR rearrangement in immature thymocytes that still transcribe RAG-1 and RAG-2 genes. Reduced levels of RAG-1 and RAG-2 RNA are detectable only in CD4+8+ TCR high cells, which result from positive selection in the thymus. The results suggest that a developing T cell may try different alpha beta TCRs for binding to thymic MHC ligands, and that recombination at the alpha locus ceases only after positive selection.

Alleles↗
PubMed1992

[A case of urinary retention due to tuberculous pyometra].

A rare case of urinary retention due to tuberculous pyometra is presented. A 70-year-old woman visited our hospital complaining of dysuria and pollakisuria on January 26, 1990. In spite of medication of cholinergic agents, urinary retention developed on April 6, 1990. Cystoscopy revealed elevation of the urethra and bladder neck. Physical examinations disclosed a child-head-sized tumor in the lower abdomen, which persisted following catheterization. Excretory urogram showed a large retrovesical mass. Chain urethrocystogram revealed anterior dislocation of the bladder neck and the proximal portion of the urethra. CT scan and MRI demonstrated a fluid-filled pelvic mass, which positioned above the vagina and compressed the urinary bladder anteriorly. Total hysterectomy was performed on August 6, 1990. Pathological diagnosis was tuberculous endometritis. Urinary symptoms disappeared immediately after the operation. Postoperative chain urethrocystography revealed complete cure of the dislocation of the bladder neck and urethra. We collected 34 cases of urinary retention due to gynecological disease in Japan, and 110 cases in English literature. Among the frequent diseases were retroverted gravid uterus, prolapse uteri, uterine leiomyomas, ovarian cyst, imperforated hymen and vaginal atresia. The mechanisms of urinary retention in gynecological disease are discussed. No case of urinary retention due to tuberculous pyometra was found in the literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[MRSA infection in urological field].

During the 12-month period ending December 1990, urological infections due to MRSA were found 18 patients (14 hospitalized and 4 outpatients) and clinical features of these cases were reviewed. Ten patients with MRSA in the urine were asymptomatic, but MRSA sepsis due to severe pyelonephritis occurred in one patient and extensive treatment was required. Factors contributing to MRSA infections were mainly indwelling catheterization, preceding antimicrobial therapy (new quinolones and new cephems), and obstructive disease. Strict management of indwelling catheters and drainage of wounds is especially important, because MRSA infections are considered to be nosocomial.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Surface expression of the beta T cell receptor (TCR) chain in the absence of other TCR or CD3 proteins on immature T cells.

T cell receptor (TCR) beta genes are rearranged prior to TCR alpha genes. A productively rearranged TCR beta gene suppresses further V beta gene rearrangement. Here we show that in beta TCR transgenic mice the TCR beta-chain can be expressed on the surface of immature CD4-8- thymocytes, but not on mature T cells, in the absence of any other known TCR chain and proteins of the CD3 complex. Analysis by NEPHGE and SDS-PAGE showed that at least some beta TCR exists on the surface as a large disulfide-linked complex with unknown acidic molecules. The introduction of the beta TCR gene into scid mice resulted in the expression of the beta TCR on the cell surface of thymocytes and induced the expression of CD4 and CD8 co-receptors as well as transcription of the alpha TCR locus.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Development of the CD4 and CD8 lineage of T cells: instruction versus selection.

T cells bearing the alpha beta T cell receptor (TCR) can be divided into CD4+8- and CD4-8+ subsets which develop in the thymus from CD4+8+ precursors. The commitment to the CD4 and CD8 lineage depends on the binding of the alpha beta TCR to thymic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) coded class II and class I molecules, respectively. In an instructive model of lineage commitment, the binding of the alpha beta TCR, for instance to class I MHC molecules, would generate a specific signal instructing the CD4+8+ precursors to switch off the expression of the CD4 gene. In a selective model, the initial commitment, i.e. switching off the expression of either the CD4 or the CD8 gene would be a stochastic event which is then followed by a selective step rescuing only CD4+ class II and CD8+ class I specific T cells while CD4+ class I and CD8+ class II specific cells would have a very short lifespan. The selective model predicts that a CD8 transgene which is expressed in all immature and mature T cells should rescue CD4+ class I MHC specific T cells from cell death. We have performed experiments in CD8 transgenic mice which fail to support a selective model and we present data which show that the binding of the alpha beta TCR to thymic class I MHC molecules results in up-regulation of the TCR in the CD4+8+ population. Therefore, these experiments are consistent with an instructive model of lineage commitment.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

External cardiac massage using a hand-powered chest compressor on dogs with ventricular fibrillation.

We devised a hand-powered portable chest compressor for external cardiac massage. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of this device in comparison to manual chest compression in dogs with ventricular fibrillation. Five out of 7 dogs that received manual chest compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) were successfully resuscitated. Seven out of 8 dogs that received mechanical chest compression with this device during CPR were successfully resuscitated. There were no differences between the two methods in maximum arterial pressure at 1 and 10 min after the initiation of CPR. There was also no difference between the two methods in pulmonary arterial pressure or arterial and mixed venous blood gases during CPR. Minimum arterial pressure during CPR was higher in dogs receiving mechanical chest compression than those receiving manual chest compression. This study reveals that the hand-powered chest compressor is equally efficient for external cardiac massage as manual cardiac massage. Moreover, this device can be useful in a situation where manual compression has to be interrupted, such as during litter transport of the patient, and so on.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

Moyamoya disease developing from unilateral moyamoya disease--case report.

The authors report a case of unilateral moyamoya disease which developed into moyamoya disease 3 years later. Unilateral moyamoya disease is generally defined as moyamoya disease, but the exact relationship is unknown. In this case, occlusive changes developed in the stenotic carotid fork, and in a similar portion contralaterally which was intact. Follow-up 4-vessel angiography is strongly recommended even for unilateral moyamoya disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Selective elimination of double-positive immature thymocytes by a thymic epithelial cell line.

A cloned epithelial cell line, TEL-2, has been established from the stroma tissues of normal mouse thymus. Incubation of mouse thymocytes on TEL-2 cells resulted in the selective elimination of double-positive (CD4+CD8+) cells from the culture, whereas single-positive (CD4+CD8- or CD4-CD8+) thymocytes remaining in the culture were concentrated in non-integrated cell population. The CD3- or CD3 low-positive thymocytes were also eliminated by the TEL-2 cells from the culture, followed by the concentration of CD3 high-positive cells in the culture. Only intact viable thymocytes were integrated into TEL-2 cells. Electron microscopic examination showed that the integrated cells into TEL-2 cytoplasm were gradually degenerated. Mature single-positive T cells, mature B cells or double-negative thymocytes were not integrated into TEL-2 cells. The TEL-2 cell may provide information on the mechanism of selective disappearance of double-positive immature cells from the thymus.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Early deletion and late positive selection of T cells expressing a male-specific receptor in T-cell receptor transgenic mice.

The ontogeny of T cells in T-cell receptor (TCR) transgenic mice, which express a transgenic alpha beta heterodimer, specific for the male (H-Y) antigen in association with H-2Db, was determined. The transgenic alpha chain was expressed on about 10% of the fetal thymocytes on day 14 of gestation. About 50% of day-15 fetal thymocytes expressed both alpha and beta transchains and virtually all fetal thymocytes expressed the transgenic alpha beta heterodimer by day 17. The early expression of the transgenic TCR on CD4-8- thymocytes prevented the development of gamma delta cells, and led to accelerated growth of thymocytes and an earlier expression of CD4 and CD8 molecules. Up to day 17, no significant differences in T-cell development could be detected between female and male thymuses. By day 18 of gestation, the male transgenic thymus contained more CD4-8- thymocytes than the female transgenic thymus. The preponderance of CD4-8- thymocytes in the male transgenic thymus increased until birth and was a consequence of the deletion of the CD4+8+ thymocytes and their CD4-8+ precursors. By the time of birth, the male transgenic thymus contained half the number of cells as the female transgenic thymus. The deletion of autospecific precursor cells in the male transgenic mouse began only at day 18 of gestation, despite the fact that the ligand could already be detected by day 16. The preferential accumulation of CD4-8+ T cells, which expressed a high density of the transgenic TCR, occurred only after birth and was obvious in 6-week-old female thymus. These data support the hypothesis that the positive selection of T cells expressing this transgenic heterodimer may involve two steps, i.e., the commitment of CD4+8+ thymocytes to the CD4-8+ lineage following the interaction of the transgenic TCR with restricting major histocompatibility molecules, followed by a slow conversion of CD4+8+ thymocytes into CD4-8+ T cells. In normal mice, the precursors of CD4+8+ and single positive thymocytes have the CD4-8- CD3-J11d+ (or M1/69+) phenotype. Because of the early expression of the transgenic alpha beta heterodimer, this population was not detected in adult transgenic mice. All CD4-8- M1/69+ cells expressed the transgenic receptor associated with CD3 and could be readily grown in media containing T-cell lectins and interleukin 2.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Type 2 proatlantal artery associated with a ruptured aneurysm--case report.

A rare case of a type 2 proatlantal artery discovered following the rupture of a cerebral aneurysm in a 74-year-old female is reported. The aneurysm was clipped and the hematoma removed, but she died of severe vasospasm 9 days after surgery. The anomalous artery was thought to have been unrelated to rupture of the aneurysm.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[A case of multiple renal leiomyoma located at renal sinus and hilus].

A case of multiple renal leiomyoma of the right kidney in a 60-year-old woman, complaining of lower abdominal pain of two months duration, is presented. Ultrasonography, intravenous pyelography and CT scan showed the masses at the right renal sinus and hilus. Selective right renal angiography demonstrated very hypovascular tumors. Right radical nephrectomy was performed. There were two lobulated tumors with no connections, which were elastic hard in consistency and smooth in surface; one was 4 x 2 x 2 cm in size and located at the renal sinus between the upper and middle calyces, the other was 6.5 x 5 x 4 cm in size and located at the renal hilus, apart from the renal parenchyma, pelvis, artery and vein. Histological examination revealed these tumors to be benign leiomyoma. Both were covered with the Gerota's fascia, but not the renal capsule. The renal parenchyma was completely covered with the renal capsule histologically, although these tumors were closely attached to the parenchyma on gross examination. The tumor at renal sinus was considered to arise from the outer layer of the renal pelvis or from the blood vessel in the connective tissues at renal sinus. The tumor at renal hilus was considered to arise from the blood vessel in the connective tissues at renal hilus. This appears to be the first reported case as multiple renal leiomyoma in both Japanese and English literatures.

Female↗
PubMed1990

[Veno-arterial ECLA (extracorporeal lung assist) for severe respiratory failure due to meconium aspiration].

A full term newborn female, 3262g, aspirated meconium at birth and began to suffer from severe hypoxia and acidosis due to progressing pneumonitis, pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum. She also had severe hypotension and anuria. Venoarterial ECLA with a Kolobow membrane lung via the right internal jugular vein and the right common carotid artery was initiated. Blood gas parameters and blood pressure improved, and urine output increased to normal. ECLA permitted a reduction in FIO2 and airway pressure of mechanical ventilation, as well as frequent lavage of the lung. As the physical condition improved, the bypass flow was gradually decreased from 200 ml.kg-1.min-1 at the start to 130 ml.kg-1.min-1 for maintenance, then to 25 ml.kg-1.min-1 at the end. Bleeding throughout the ECLA for 69 hours could be minimized by a meticulous control of the activated coagulation time with a minimum dose of heparin and the transfusion of fresh frozen and platelet rich plasma. After ECLA, the carotid artery was simply ligated, and mechanical ventilatory support was carried out for 5 days. Her condition improved and she left the hospital without any neurological sequelae. ECLA will become an effective means of life support for a baby with severe MAS irresponsive to conventional ventilatory support.

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation↗
PubMed1989

Deletion of autospecific T cells in T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic mice spares cells with normal TCR levels and low levels of CD8 molecules.

Transgenic mice that carry on a large fraction of their T cells an alpha/beta T cell receptor that recognizes the male antigen in the context of H-2Db molecules were constructed. An mAb specific for the transgenic receptor was developed and used to analyze T cell subsets in male transgenic H-2b mice. The vast majority of immature CD4+8+ T cells that express the transgenic TCR were deleted in the male transgenic mouse. Nevertheless, the majority of T cells spared by this deletion process expressed a high level of the transgenic TCR. These T cells, however, had an abnormal CD4/CD8 phenotype in that they expressed either no CD8 molecules or only low levels.

Animals↗