[Destroyed lung].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Diagnosis, Differential↗
Biomedical subjects
H Inoue
Publications and source records attributed to H Inoue.
Bronchoscopy findings and early treatment of patients with blunt tracheo-bronchial trauma.
Five of 238 patients who suffered blunt chest trauna required surgery to repair a tracheobronchial injury. All patients were injured in a motor vehicle accident. The site of the injury was within 2.5 cm of the carina in four patients and 5.5 cm proximal to the carina in one. Pre-, intra-, and post-operative respiratory management was facilitated by the insertion of a Univent tube, an endotracheal tube with movable blocker capable of excluding one lung. The Univent tube prevented aspiration of blood by the healthy lung and the development of acute respiratory failure. Improved control over ventilation has the secondary benefit of allowing the surgeon to assess other injuries under less duress in patients with multiple trauma.
Accidents, Traffic↗
Clinical study of aseptic necrosis of bone after renal transplantation.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Production of interleukin-6 at operative wound sites in surgical patients.
BACKGROUND: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a central role in the acute phase of inflammation after surgical injury. The serum concentration of IL-6 increases during an operation. The mechanisms of this increase in the serum IL-6 level, however, has not yet been fully clarified. STUDY DESIGN: To determine the possibility of production of IL-6 at the operative wound site and its regulation by humoral factors in surgical patients, the IL-6 secretion of biopsied skin obtained from an operative wound both before and after the operation were quantitated by using organ culture techniques. RESULTS: When skin explants obtained from the uninjured skin were cultivated and the amounts of IL-6 secreted into the culture medium were measured, IL-6 secretion increased exponentially during culture, which indicated that the stress of the skin incision induced IL-6 production. The skin specimens obtained from the operative wounds postoperatively secreted a significantly larger amount of IL-6 than those obtained from uninjured skin either preoperatively or postoperatively, implying that skin at the site of the operative wound had been more sensitized to produce IL-6 because of the surgical injury. The IL-6 secretion by skin explants was significantly enhanced either by tumor necrosis factor or interleukin-1, while it was inhibited by corticosteroids. CONCLUSIONS: Interleukin-6 production at the site of the operative wound is partly responsible for the elevation of the serum IL-6 level during the operation. Organ cultures of the skin explants may provide a feasible system for research on the cytokine networks in surgical patients.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
[Percutaneous intracavitary treatment of pulmonary aspergilloma-clinical efficacy and prognosis].
We have performed percutaneous intracavitary treatment with anti-fungal reagents in 8 patients with pulmonary aspergilloma (6 males and 2 female) over the past decade. Ages ranged from 43 to 84 years old. All of the patients had underlying lung diseases, seven having old pulmonary tuberculosis and one pneumoconiosis. Five patients had a history of hemoptysis or hemosputum. Amphotericin B (AMPH) was injected daily in 5 patients, Fulconazol (FCZ) in 2 patients, and both in the remaining patient. For AMPH, maximal dose, total dose, and treatment duration were 20 to 50 mg, 285 to 1560 mg, and one to 7.5 months, respectively, and for FCZ, 20 to 30 mg, 450 to 1600 mg, 3 weeks to 4 months, respectively. At the end of treatment, fungus balls disappeared in 2 patients, decreased in size in 3 patients and were unchanged in 3 patients. After follow up periods of 7 months through 6.5 years, 5 of 6 patients remained in roentogenologically better condition than before treatment, and 3 of 5 patients with episodes of hemoptysis or hemosputum have not since had airway bleeding. The prognosis of the other two patients are unknown, since they died of other diseases before this survey. One patient had aspergillus empyema 7 months after treatment. There were no serious side effects or complications directly related to treatment. It was suggested that continuous percutaneous intracavitary treatment with anti-fungal reagents is safe and effective for inoperable patients with aspergilloma.
Adult↗
Univent endotracheal tube: twelve-year experience.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Equipment Design↗
[Detection of mycobacterial DNA by in vitro enzymatic amplification in lung nodular lesions in a patient with ovarian immature teratoma].
We experienced a 13-year-old girl with ovarian immature teratoma, who presented multiple pulmonary nodular lesions. Thoracotomy was performed to rule out the metastatic tumor. Histopathological study of the resected tumor suggested a possible diagnosis of tuberculosis. However, neither the acid-fast staining nor the mycobacterial culture of the specimens confirmed the diagnosis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and hybridization technique successfully detected specific DNA sequence for M. tuberculosis from the specimens. The lesions regressed after anti-mycobacterial therapy. Detecting mycobacterial DNA by PCR, which led to a proper diagnosis and treatment of this patient, is a rapid and sensitive method in diagnosis of tuberculosis. This method is recommended to distinguish tuberculosis from neoplastic lesions of the lung, where surgical intervention is necessary.
Adolescent↗
[Inhibitory effects of c-myc antisense oligonucleotide on estrogen-stimulating growth in human breast cancer cells: preliminary report].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Breast Neoplasms↗
[A clinical study of so-called rare pulmonary tumors].
Six so-called rare pulmonary tumors, resected at the hospital are reported. Histologically there were pulmonary blastoma, pulmonary adenocarcinoma of fetal lung type, alveolar soft part sarcoma, oncocytic carcinoid tumor, hemangioendothelioma, and leiomyoma in each one case. The represented about 1.5% of all resected lung tumors. The age of these patients ranged from 28 to 67 years old, and all were females. Two patients experienced hemosuputum, but the others have no clinical symptoms. All the patients showed relatively well circumscribed mass shadows on chest X-ray films, but none could have accurate diagnosis by preoperative examinations. One patient with alveolar soft part sarcoma died of brain metastasis 18 months after the resection, however, the other 5 patients remained well from 2 year 7 months to 11 years after the surgery.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[A study of pacemaker implantation to cases performed valve surgery].
For 13 years between 1980 and 1992, 23 patients needed pacemaker (PM) implantation because of bradyarrhythmia, 21 of atrial fibrillation and two of complete A-V block, after valve surgery. Five of 88 survivors (5.7%) after OMC, 11 of 227 (4.8%) after MVR, one of 169 (0.6%) after AVR, five of 67 (7.4%) after MVR + AVR and one of 15 (6.7%) after TVR underwent PM implantation in postoperative period. Two cases who had heart failure was implanted PM in early postoperative period. In late period, the mean duration between previous valve surgery and PM implantation was 6.4 years in 12 cases after initial valve surgery and 2.3 years in nine after second valve surgery. Postoperative course after PM implantation was almost good, but one case was died due to critical arrhythmia. And one case underwent re-MVR because of mitral bioprosthesis dysfunction and one, without anticoagulant after OMC, was complicated cerebral infarction.
Adult↗
Biophysical aspect of information flow from receptor to channel.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
Formation of farnesal and 3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrofarnesal from farnesol by protoplasts of Botryococcus braunii.
Farnesal and 3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrofarnesal (3-hydroxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-6,10-dodecadiene-1-al) were formed from farnesol when the alcohol was incubated with the protoplast of Botryococcus braunii B race strain. This fact suggests the existence of farnesal hydratase in the alga. Feeding experiments showed that both farnesal and 3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrofarnesal were efficiently incorporated into botryococcenes, triterpenoid hydrocarbons of the alga.
Carbon Radioisotopes↗
Identification of a novel collagen chain represented by extensive interruptions in the triple-helical region.
We have isolated mouse cDNA clones that encode a newly discovered collagenous polypeptide. Four overlapping cDNA clones contained an open reading frame of 1140 amino acid residues of collagenous and non-collagenous domains. The predicted polypeptide consists of 10 collagenous domains of various length that are interrupted by 11 noncollagenous domains. The overall structural arrangement differed significantly from reported collagen chains of 17 different types. Northern-blot analyses showed hybridization of the cDNA to 5.6kb and 4.8kb mRNA species in liver and kidney that are due to utilization of the two poly (A) signals.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
A pathologic study of discs in the elderly. Separation between the cartilaginous endplate and the vertebral body.
Eighty-eight autopsy specimens from L4-5 lumbar discs of cadavers with an average age of 77.6 years were examined radiologically and histopathologically. They were classified into three groups by the height of intervertebral disc space: slightly degenerated (57 cases), moderately degenerated (25 cases), and severely degenerated (6 cases). Cartilaginous end-plate rupture was found most commonly in the severely degenerated group. Reverse orientation of the anulus fibrosus was found in one third of all specimens. End-plate was separated from vertebral body in 45 cases (51.1%) of 88 specimens. From the findings it is suggested that the end-plate is avulsed from the vertebral body under the precondition of separation and then herniated with anchoring anulus fibrosus. This type of herniation occurs more often than herniation of the nucleus pulposus in the elderly.
Aged↗
Immunohistochemical study of estrogen receptors and the responsiveness to estrogen in papillary thyroid carcinoma.
BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic data suggested that the differentiated thyroid carcinoma was affected by sex hormones, especially estrogen. METHODS: The authors have immunohistochemically studied estrogen receptors (ER) in papillary thyroid carcinoma in women. Two anti-ER monoclonal antibodies, D5 and H222, were used. The authors then investigated the responsiveness to estrogen of thyroid neoplasms using primary culture of surgically resected thyroid tissues. The proliferative activity of cultured cells was measured by the bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling index (LI). RESULTS: Twenty-six percent of the specimens (18/70) showed positive staining with D5, but only 5.6% of the specimens (2/36) showed positive staining with H222. The BrdU LI of ER-positive papillary thyroid carcinoma increased with the addition of estradiol. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that estrogen may affect the proliferation of ER-positive papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Adolescent↗
Chemopreventive effects of tamoxifen in ethyl methanesulphonate-induced rat mammary carcinogenesis.
Ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS), an alkylating agent and a potent mutagen, has been shown to be an effective carcinogen for the induction of mammary carcinoma in female Wistar King A rats. We therefore utilized this new system to assess the effects of tamoxifen (TAM) on mammary carcinogenesis. In Group A rats, given EMS orally for a period of 12 weeks, mammary carcinomas were first detected at the 13th week and were found in all surviving rats at the 20th week. The concomitant administration of TAM for 4 weeks, in Group B rats, retarded the development of the tumors significantly. There was a significant reduction in the incidence of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive tumors in the rats previously exposed to TAM; 100% in Group A versus 50% in Group B. Neither the progesterone receptor (PgR) nor androgen receptor (AR) status of the tumors were significantly different between these two groups. The inhibitory effects of TAM on tumor induction was also observed when TAM treatment started after EMS administration, though the intensity was smaller than that in Group B. These findings suggest the preventive action of TAM on EMS-induced mammary carcinogenesis, and indicate that this tumor system may provide a feasible model for research on chemoprevention and hormone therapy using an antiestrogen for human mammary carcinoma.
Animals↗
Autonomic nervous system activity in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
To assess autonomic nervous activity in patients with cardiomyopathies, analysis of heart rate variability was performed using 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiograms in 14 patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC), 15 with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC) and 18 healthy subjects. Heart rate variability during the night and daytime was calculated using fast-Fourier transform, and power spectra were quantified in 2 frequency bandwidths: 0.00 to 0.15 Hz (low-frequency power [LF]) and 0.15 to 0.50 Hz (high-frequency power [HF]). Log(HF) was used as an index of parasympathetic nervous activity, and log(LF/HF), of sympathetic nervous activity. Log(HF) was significantly lower and log(LF/HF) was significantly higher in IDC. These changes were related to ejection fraction. In HC, lower log(HF) and higher log(LF/HF) were recognized only during the night, and these changes were independent of the degree of myocardial hypertrophy. Our results indicated attenuation of parasympathetic activity and enhanced sympathetic activity in HC during the night, and also in IDC. Assessment of autonomic imbalance by analysis of heart rate variability may be useful for understanding the pathophysiology of cardiomyopathies.
Autonomic Nervous System↗
Immunohistochemical study of glutathione-related enzymes and proliferative antigens in lung cancer. Relation to cisplatin sensitivity.
BACKGROUND: With resected tumor tissue from 84 patients with lung cancer, the expression of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was examined in relation to cisdiamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) sensitivity. METHODS: The CDDP sensitivity was assessed from an increase of cells in the S-phase or G2M-phase by a DNA histogram after the tumor cells were incubated in a CDDP solution. The expression of GPX, GR, PCNA, and EGFR for each tumor was studied with an indirect immunoperoxidase technique on paraffin-embedded tissues. RESULTS: The percentage of patients sensitive to CDDP according to the histologic type was 86% for small cell carcinomas, 40% for large cell carcinomas, 31% for squamous cell carcinomas, and 6% for adenocarcinomas. There was an inverse relationship between CDDP sensitivity and the frequency of GPX and GR expression, and both were significantly different among histologic types. The GPX and GR expression was significantly lower in the CDDP-sensitive group than in the resistant group (P < 0.01). However, the expression of PCNA and EGFR was significantly lower in the sensitive group in non-small cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: From the above findings, an immunohistochemical study of these antigens may be useful for predicting CDDP sensitivity in lung cancer.
Antigens, Neoplasm↗