Biomedical subjects

H Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to H Inoue.

At least 1,189 records · Page 66Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

Protein adsorption and platelet adhesion onto polyurethane grafted with methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate by plasma technique.

Graft polymerization of methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate, an ester of methacrylic acid and monomethoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEO), was performed onto a polyetherurethane (PU) film and tube under different polymerization conditions by a plasma treatment technique. The surface of grafted PU film was characterized by staining with dye, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, contact angle, and zeta potential. All these measurements indicated that water-soluble chains were immobilized on the PU surface, their location being restricted to the film surface region. The PU surface showed reduced protein adsorption in vitro and reduced platelet adhesion in vitro and ex vivo. The optimum graft density suppressing the protein adsorption was as low as 5 micrograms cm(-2). When a small amount of dimethacrylate was added to the monomer solution for graft polymerization to introduce crosslinking in the grafted layer, protein adsorption was further slightly reduced. The extent of reduction in serum albumin adsorption was always less than that of gamma-globulin. Although platelet adhesion was largely reduced by the surface graft polymerization, a definite amount of protein was always adsorbed to the grafted surface.

Adsorption↗

PubMed1993

Immunohistochemical study of estrogen receptor and estradiol on papillary thyroid carcinoma in young patients.

We have immunohistochemically examined estrogen receptors (ER) and estradiol (E2) on papillary thyroid carcinoma in young females under the age of 25 years. The 10 young females in this study were compared with 64 females 30 years of age or older who underwent surgery for treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma. We did not find any significant difference in the incidences of positive staining for E2 between the two groups. Of the specimens obtained from the young patients, 80% (8/10) showed positive staining for ER; this was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than that observed in patients 30 years of age or older (25%). We think that, especially in youth, estrogen may play an important role as a promoting factor. This indication needs further study.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of small papillary carcinomas of the thyroid gland.

The preoperative and pathological findings of 38 cases of small papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland measuring < or = 10 mm in diameter and 74 cases of large papillary carcinoma measuring more than 10 mm were compared. In the small carcinoma cases, the sensitivity of palpation, ultrasonography, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) was higher than that of computed tomography and soft tissue roentgenography of the neck. Therefore, palpation, US, and FNAB should be instituted as reliable diagnostic methods, but other examinations seem unsuitable as methods for preoperative qualitative diagnosis. No definite correlation was found between the intraglandular dissemination and the size of the carcinoma, and the frequency of metastasis was relatively high even in the small carcinoma cases. If the patient elects to undergo surgery, subtotal thyroidectomy with lymph node dissection should be performed for small thyroid carcinomas as well as large carcinomas.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Thyroid nodules in female uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

We investigated the incidence of thyroid nodules in female uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis using a high-frequency sonographic scanner. In 47 (21.0%) of the 224 female normal controls and 33 (55.0%) of the 60 female patients, thyroid nodules were detected. The difference in these incidences between controls and patients was significant. There were no differences in age, duration of hemodialysis, the level of blood urea nitrogen, parathyroid hormone or thyroid stimulating hormone between the patients with thyroid nodules and those without nodules. Although there is a correlation between uremia and the development of thyroid nodules, the details of the underlying mechanism of their association remain unclear.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Suppression of viral transformation in rat embryo fibroblast cells immortalized with transforming genes of human papillomavirus type 16.

The E6 and E7 genes of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) immortalize rat primary embryo fibroblast cells (REF) but do not transform them, irrespective of the expressions of the two genes. Previously, we reported that REF cells suppress the transformed phenotypes of a rat cell line transformed by the E6 and E7 genes of HPV16 in somatic hybrid cells. REF cells immortalized by HPV16 E6E7 genes (671 cells) also retained the ability to suppress E6E7-mediated transformation. Transformation of 671 cells by retroviruses containing middle T of polyomavirus, v-K-ras, or v-mos was also suppressed. 671 cells infected with retrovirus having middle T of polyomavirus (PyMLV) expressed sufficient middle T protein to transform a rat cell line. Cell fusion experiments showed that 671 cells suppressed transformation by middle T of polyomavirus without affecting the expression of middle T. These results suggest that REF cells immortalized by HPV16 E6E7 genes possess an intracellular function that suppresses transformation not only by E6E7 genes but also by other viral oncogenes including middle T of polyomavirus.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

First characterization in Italy of clinical isolates of mutans streptococci by using specific monoclonal antibodies.

The aim of this investigation was to gain further insight into the prevalence of different serotypes of mutans streptococci in the Italian population by using specific monoclonal antibodies in an enzyme immunoassay. Isolates from dental plaque samples, collected from an adult population living in Pisa (Italy), were identified as mutans streptococci on the basis of their morphological and biochemical properties, and were then serotyped. The results show that 77.5% of the strains isolated belonged to serotype c or f (i.e., S. mutans), 15.9% were serotype e (i.e., S. mutans) and only two strains (1.4%) belonged to serotype g (i.e., S. sobrinus). These data are partially in agreement with other studies in Europe and in the U.S.A. The distribution pattern of the various serotypes turned out to be substantially similar among the different groups of patients, subdivided on the basis of their caries status, indicating that none of the serotypes was particularly associated with dental caries.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Isolation and characterization of mutants defective in production of laccase in Neurospora crassa.

A protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide, induces excretion of laccase in Neurospora crassa. The lah-1 mutation results in excretion of a large amount of laccase even in the absence of cycloheximide. Ten mutations were induced that suppress derepressed excretion of laccase in the lah-1 mutant. Of these, seven second-site mutations were found to confer a laccase-noninducible phenotype, and were classified into two different complementation groups. Four mutations define a locus designated lni-1, found to be closely linked to ylo-1 on linkage group VI. The other three mutations were mapped to second locus, designated lni-2, that lies between nic-3 and thi-3 on linkage group VII. The lni-2 locus was shown to encode laccase by RFLP mapping of the DNA fragment encoding laccase and by transformation of the lni-2 mutant with plasmid pBL1 carrying the laccase gene (the locus encoding laccas is hereafter described as lacc). All lacc mutants examined (whether mutagen-induced or inactivated by repeat-induced point mutation) appeared to exhibit no phenotypic deficiency during both asexual and sexual cycles, suggesting that the laccase gene is dispensable in N. crassa. Northern analysis of total cellular RNA from the four lni-1 mutants demonstrated that the lni-1 mutations abolish increased transcription of the laccase gene under inducing conditions. Consequently, the lni-1 locus is inferred to encode a trans-acting positive regulator required for transcriptional activation of the laccase gene in response to cycloheximide. Possible functions of the lah-1 gene are also described.

Blotting, Northern↗

PubMed1993

The Neurospora uvs-2 gene encodes a protein which has homology to yeast RAD18, with unique zinc finger motifs.

A clone containing the DNA repair gene uvs-2 of Neurospora crassa was identified from a Neurospora genomic DNA library using the sib-selection method. Transformants were screened for resistance to methyl methane sulfonate (MMS). A DNA fragment that complements the uvs-2 mutation was subcloned by monitoring its ability to transform the uvs-2 mutant to MMS resistance. Deletion analysis of the cloned DNA indicated that the size of the uvs-2 gene is approximately 1.6 kb. The identity of the uvs-2 gene was verified by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) mapping. The sensitivity of the transformant to three different mutagens was similar to that of the wild-type strain. Nucleotide sequences of genomic DNA and cDNA of the uvs-2 gene indicated that it has an open reading frame (ORF) of 1572 bp with a 69 bp intron in the middle of the sequence. Two transcription initiation sites located around 73 bp and 290 bp upstream of the translation initiation codon were identified by primer extension experiments. Northern analysis revealed that the nature transcript of the uvs-2 gene was about 1.8 kb long. The uvs-2 gene ORF is deduced to encode a polypeptide of 501 amino acids with a molecular mass of 54 kDa. The proposed polypeptide has 25% identity to the RAD18 polypeptide of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and contains two unique zinc finger motifs for nucleic acid binding. Similarities between the phenotypes of the rad18 and uvs-2 mutants suggest that the uvs-2 gene encodes a protein which is involved in postreplication repair, rather than excision repair.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1993

Juvenile gigantomastia: report of a case.

Juvenile gigantomastia in a 12-year-old girl was treated by a bilateral reduction mammoplasty with free transplantation of the areolae and nipples and the removal of 3,980 g of breast tissue. Regrowth of the residual breast tissue has been suppressed by the administration of tamoxifen, an antiestrogen drug, since the surgery. This case was positive for estrogen receptors (ER) by the dextran-coated charcoal method, while tissue staining for ER and estradiol resulted in a darker staining of the epithelial contents, especially of fibroadenoma-like nodules, using an immunocytochemical assay. It is thus suggested that the etiology of this disease might be related to a local hypersensitivity to estrogen.

Breast Diseases↗

PubMed1993

Polyostotic lesions compatible with osteofibrous dysplasia. A case report.

An 18-month-old girl with lesions in the cortex of the bilateral tibiae and ulnae and right fibula is reported. The lesion in the right tibia disappeared after curettage and xenogeneic bone grafting, and the other lesions disappeared spontaneously by the age of 12 years. All lesions involved the bone cortex. The right tibia lesion exhibited the histopathological features of "zonal architecture" and a osteoblast rim formation around the trabeculae. We consider that osteofibrous dysplasia can involve systemically any long bone.

Female↗

PubMed1993

Management problems in continuous care of male patients with mild hypertension with special reference to alcohol-intake.

Forty two male patients with borderline and mild hypertension were followed up for 3.9 years without medication. During this period, all subjects had nonpharmacological interventions including salt restriction, weight reduction, anti-smoking or anti-alcohol instruction, and physical exercise after the established protocol. Comparisons of biomedical data between pre- and post-observation revealed no significant improvements. Although the smoking habit decreased during this period, the drinking habit rarely changed and even significant increase of the total amount of alcohol ingestion was observed. These data indicate great limitation of nonpharmacological intervention in the care of these asymptomatic hypertensive patients for a lifelong base.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Cytotoxic cell function and phenotypic analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in cancer patients treated with low-dose interleukin-2 and mitomycin C.

We previously found that the ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) of cancer patients to generate lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells became remarkably augmented after mitomycin C administration. On the basis of the clinical findings, we designed a treatment regimen comprised of 12 mg/m2 mitomycin C i.v. on day 1 and 700 U/m2 recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) i.v. every 12 h from day 4 through day 8. Of 25 patients with advanced carcinoma, 9 had a partial response and 3 had a minor response. Cytotoxic cell function, including natural killer activity, lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activity, and the ability to generate LAK cells, and lymphocyte subsets in PBM was measured 1 day before and after either the first or second course of this therapy. The relationship between these parameters and the clinical antitumor response to this treatment was examined. Although the cytotoxic activities were significantly augmented after either the first or second treatment course, no positive correlation was observed between the changes in these cytotoxic activities and the clinical response to this therapy, when patients who either showed a partial response or whose disease remission was partial or minor were defined as responders. Further, phenotypic analysis showed a significant increase in CD2+, CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+Leu8- cells after the first course, and CD25+ cells after either the first or second course of this treatment. The percentages of CD2+ and CD25+ cells were significantly elevated only in responders but not in nonresponders, suggesting the increase in these subsets was related to clinical response.

Aged↗

PubMed1993

A 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, FR110302, inhibits ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in guinea pigs and dogs.

Airway hyperresponsiveness is a key feature of asthma, and attenuating airway hyperresponsiveness is an important part of asthma therapy. In the present study we examined the inhibitory effect of a potent 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, FR110302, on airway hyperresponsiveness induced by ozone exposure in guinea pigs and dogs. Respiratory resistance (Rrs) was measured by a forced oscillation method. Airway responsiveness was determined from the dose-response curve of Rrs to acetylcholine. Guinea pigs were exposed to 2.5 ppm ozone for 1 h. In a control group of guinea pigs, delta log PC100 (the index of the ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness) was 0.58 +/- 0.04 (log mg/ml). Treatment with FR110302 (10 or 100 mg/kg p.o.) significantly diminished delta log PC100 (10 mg/kg: 0.22 +/- 0.10; 100 mg/kg; 0.11 +/- 0.06). Dogs were exposed to 3 ppm ozone for 2 h. In a control group of dogs, delta log Dmin (another index of the ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness) was 1.24 +/- 0.15 (log unit). Treatment with FR110302 (1 or 3.2 mg/kg p.o.) significantly diminished delta log Dmin (1 mg/kg: 0.60 +/- 0.18; 3.2 mg/kg: 0.27 +/- 0.12). These results suggest that FR110302 may be a useful drug for attenuating airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic patients.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed1993

Effect of reconstituted basement membrane on growth and secretory function in pancreatic acinar AR42J cells.

This study investigated the influence of extracellular matrix on growth and secretory function associated with cholecystokinin (CCK) receptors in pancreatic acinar AR42J cells, using reconstituted basement membrane derived from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) tumor. The cells were cultured with basement membranes of two different thickness, 1 mg/ml protein equivalent (thick RBM) and 50 micrograms/ml protein equivalent (thin RBM). In cells cultured with thin RBM, the secretory function and the number of CCK receptors increased, but cell growth did not increase significantly. Cells cultured with thick RBM showed remarkable cell growth, but secretory function and the number of CCK receptors were reduced. There was little change in CCK receptor affinity. It was concluded that the extracellular matrix plays a crucial role in the proliferation and differentiation of AR42J cells and further, the quantitative difference of matrix components strongly influenced the up- and down-regulation of CCK receptor in the cells via cell-matrix interaction.

Amylases↗

PubMed1993