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Biomedical subjects

H Inomata

Publications and source records attributed to H Inomata.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Induction of bilateral retinal necrosis in mice by unilateral intracameral inoculation of a glycoprotein-C deficient clinical isolate of herpes simplex virus type 1.

Herpes simplex virus can cause acute retinal necrosis, a blinding retinal disease in man. A unilateral intracameral inoculation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in mice induces retinal necrosis primarily in the contralateral eye and provides an experimental model for the disease. Previous studies suggested that a major envelope glycoprotein of HSV-1, glycoprotein C (gC), is required for retinal necrosis. We studied HSV-1 strain TN-1, a gC-deficient clinical isolated from a lesion of herpetic keratitis, for its pathogenicity in mice with an intracameral inoculation of the virus and found that TN-1 could induce severe necrotizing retinitis in both inoculated and uninoculated eyes of BALB/c mice. Inoculation with a lower dose of TN-1 resulted in a unilateral necrotizing retinitis in the uninoculated eyes. Tissue virus titration of infected mice killed at various times after inoculation detected an infectious virus in various organs including the eyeballs, trigeminal ganglia, brain and adrenal glands. Anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID) was observed in TN-1-inoculated mice as well as in mice inoculated with gC-positive laboratory strain KOS 7 days postinoculation. Our findings suggested that gC of HSV-1 is not necessary for either the induction of retinal necrosis, neural spread of the virus, or ACAID.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1993

Ocular manifestations of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. A clinicopathologic study.

BACKGROUND: Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a recently described distinct clinicopathologic entity characterized by an extremely aggressive clinical course, a leukemic or lymphomatous proliferation of hyperlobulated peripheral T cells, and an association with infection by a retrovirus, human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). The authors present a patient with ATLL who initially had clinical features of severe uniocular intraocular inflammation, simulating acute retinal necrosis or herpetic retinitis, but results of histopathologic examination of the globe showed ATLL. PATIENT: A 38-year-old man had severe unilateral intraocular inflammation associated with widespread diffuse retinitis. Two weeks later, a focal retinitis with vasculitis developed nasal to the optic disc in the opposite eye. Shortly thereafter, mental disturbance developed, and the patient died less than 3 months after onset of the ocular symptoms. RESULTS: Results of postmortem examination showed atypical lymphocytic infiltration in the eyes, brain, and other systemic organs. Results of histopathologic and immunohistochemical studies showed that the atypical cells infiltrating the ocular tissues were ATLL cells. CONCLUSIONS: Patients infected with HTLV-I initially can have intraocular T-cell lymphoma that simulates acute retinal necrosis or herpetic retinitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The diagnostic use of low molecular weight keratin expression in sebaceous carcinoma.

Sebaceous carcinoma is an infrequent skin tumor and its histological features sometimes closely resemble those of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell epithelioma (BCE), which often leads to a misdiagnosis. In the present immunohistochemical study, however, sebaceous carcinoma exhibited quite a different expression of keratins from SCC and BCE. We immunohistochemically examined 26 excised specimens of sebaceous carcinoma, 10 of SCC and 12 of BCE of the eyelids, using two monoclonal antibodies against high molecular weight keratins, 34 beta B4 (68kd) and 34 beta E12 (56kd, 56.5kd, 58kd), and two monoclonal antibodies against low molecular weight keratins, 35 beta H11 (54kd) and CAM5.2 (39kd, 43kd, 50kd). The cases of sebaceous carcinoma were positive with 34 beta B4 (23%), 34 beta E12 (54%), 35 beta H11 (81%) and CAM5.2 (73%). Of the four anti-keratin antibodies used in this study, 35 beta H11 was negative in all cases of SCC or BCE. These findings indicate that when sebaceous carcinoma is suspected, but no fat staining appropriate materials are available, a monoclonal antibody against low molecular weight keratin, 35 beta H11 (54kd), can be a useful tool to immunohistochemically rule out both SCC and BCE.

Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous↗
PubMed1993

Ultrastructure of retinal vessels in diabetic patients.

The ultrastructure of retinal vessels was examined in three eyes from diabetic patients and two eyes from control subjects. In some of the retinal blood vessels of each of the diabetic eyes, the endothelial cytoplasm was thin and had fenestrae. These fenestrations which were seen in both capillaries and venules, were closed by a thin diaphragm. Transendothelial channels were also observed in the endothelial cytoplasm. The tight junctions between endothelial cells were rarely altered. The junctions were open with short adherent regions in which the junctional membranes showed increased electron density. These morphological changes may account for the characteristic breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier in diabetic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Experimental rat model of neovascularization arising from the optic disk.

A consistent animal model of intraocular neovascularization was developed in the rat. A vitreous hemorrhage was induced by an experimental incision through the pars plana in the right eye of 24 rats. One month after the incision, 21 eyes produced a definite posthemorrhagic neovascularization arising from the optic disk. Histologically, the newly formed vessels consisted of endothelial cells forming lumina and surrounding smooth muscle cells. The proliferating activity of these cells was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen. An electron-microscopic examination also revealed mitotic activity and the cytoplasmic budding of immature endothelial cells. The 24 left eyes served as controls and showed no evidence of neovascularization.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Dual immunologic property of S-100 protein in normal eyes and eyes with retinoblastoma: a histopathological and immunohistochemical study of 88 cases.

To ascertain the cell types expressing S-100 protein in eyes with retinoblastoma, a follow-up study was made on 88 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded retinoblastoma specimens histopathologically and immunohistochemically, using antibodies against S-100 protein. In normal retinas and morphologically normal retinas with retinoblastoma, both astrocytes and ganglion cells were stained positively for S-100 protein. In the retinoblastomas, not only the reactive astrocytes in most cases, but also large tumor cells with large cell bodies, prominent nucleoli and well-differentiated figures were positive for S-100 proteins in 2 cases. These large tumor cells were thought to be neuronal and were called ganglion-like cells because they were morphologically and immunohistochemically compatible with the large ganglion cells in normal retina. The results indicate that in eyes with retinoblastoma, S-100 protein has both neuronal and glial immunologic properties and could have a limited value as a glial marker for the histogenesis study of retinoblastoma.

Astrocytes↗
PubMed1993

[Two cases of thymic cysts and review of the 220 Japanese cases].

Thymic cyst is relatively rare disease among mediastinal tumors. We reported two cases of surgical resected thymic cysts. Case 1: A 72-year-old female was found to have an abnormal shadow at right cardio-phrenic angle on chest X-ray film. Operative and pathological diagnosis was thymic cyst. Immunohistochemical study showed the epithelial cells lining the cyst to contain keratin and CEA but not CA19-9. Case 2: A 67-year-old male was pointed out to have an abnormal shadow at left mediastinum on a chest X-ray film during his stay in our hospital for acute myocardial infarction. Preoperative diagnosis was made to be a thymic cyst and operation was done. Pathological diagnosis was the same. Behçet's disease was accompanied in this patient. It is very rare to be complicated with thymic cyst. We reviewed 220 operated cases of thymic cyst in the Japanese literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[The variation of human contrast sensitivity with age and optic nerve disease].

Contrast sensitivity function (CSF) was measured in 85 normal subjects and in 23 patients with optic neuropathy, using a personal computer and video monitor system. CSF in normal controls showed an inverted U-shaped function against spatial frequency with a peak at about 4-6 cycles/degree. At higher spatial frequencies, contrast sensitivity decreased with increasing age. CSF in patients was compared with Snellen acuity, visual field examination, critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF) and pattern VEP (P-VEP). CSF and P-VEP were more sensitive than the others in detecting visual dysfunction in optic nerve disease. These results suggest that ranges of normal values should be established for each of several age groups, and that CSF is useful for evaluating visual dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Histopathologic study of anterior capsule opacification in pseudophakic eyes].

We performed posterior chamber lens implantation (IOL) in three monkey eyes. All pseudophakic eyes developed a ring-shaped opacity, appearing on the IOL optics along the anterior capsule incision line. Transmission electron microscopic study revealed that the anterior capsule opacification was composed of proliferated cellular and extracellular components between the anterior capsule and the IOL optics. The proliferated cells looked like fibroblasts, but they were connected by desmosomes and covered by basal lamina. These histologic findings represented morphological features of epithelial cells, probably lens epithelial cells. Extracellular components consisted of collagen fibers, microfibrils, and basal lamina-like materials.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Statistical study of ocular injuries--effect of the seat belt legislation in traffic ocular injuries].

Three hundred and eighty cases of eye injuries treated at Kyushu University Hospital during from January, 1984 to December, 1989 were statistically analyzed. Ocular injuries comprised about 10% of the total number of in-patient cases. Males were five times more than females. Among the age groups, those in their teens were the most affected. The most frequent cause of injuries was blunt trauma in sports. The effect of the seat belt legislation in November 1986 in traffic ocular injuries was examined. Traffic ocular injury cases were about 20% of all cases of ocular injuries. In the ocular injury, perforating injury was the most among traffic eye injuries and the visual outcome was poor. However, after the seat belt legislation the rate of traffic ocular injuries in total ocular eye injuries decreased from 26% to 14%. Furthermore, the incidence of perforating eye injuries caused by shattering windshields decreased significantly and the final visual acuity was better than before legislation. From these results, we conclude that the seat belt legislation has been effective in decreasing traffic eye injuries.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1992

A reassessment of histologic classification and an immunohistochemical study of 88 retinoblastomas. A special reference to the advent of bipolar-like cells.

BACKGROUND: Despite perpetual efforts of investigators, the histogenesis of retinoblastoma is still in dispute and histologic classification satisfactorily predictive of prognosis does not seem to be in use. METHODS: The authors studied 88 cases of retinoblastoma clinicopathologically and immunohistochemically, paying special attention to the presence of a "bipolar-like cell" element that would be used as one of the criteria for the diagnosis of differentiated retinoblastoma. RESULTS: Twelve cases of retinoblastoma with the bipolar-like cell element in the absence of rosettes and 41 cases of the tumor with rosettes were classified as differentiated retinoblastomas. The other 35 cases without rosettes or bipolar-like cells were classified as undifferentiated tumors. Tumor cells forming rosettes usually had positive results for synaptophysin and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and negative results for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S-100 protein; however, undifferentiated cells had negative results for these four antibodies. The bipolar-like cells had positive results for synaptophysin and NSE but negative results for GFAP and S-100 protein. Twelve tumors with bipolar-like cells that lacked rosettes showed no optic nerve invasion, and the patients had a significantly better prognosis (100% 5-year survival rate) than 35 patients with undifferentiated tumors (71% 5-year survival rate) (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The findings support a neuronal origin of the tumor and indicate that, not only the rosettes symbolizing the photoreceptor differentiation, but also other neuronal elements, such as bipolar-like cells, can be used as criteria for histologic classification of retinoblastoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Possible involvement of Ca(2+)-related inward current in P2-purinoceptor-mediated depolarization of the guinea-pig vas deferens.

The effect of a Ca2+ antagonist or Ca2+ chelator on the membrane responses elicited by P2-purinoceptor activation was examined in current- and voltage-clamped muscle from the guinea-pig vas deferens. The non-hydrolyzable ATP-analogue 5'-adenylylimidophosphate (AMP-PNP) depolarized the membrane and the associated inward current. Superfusion with Ca(2+)-free solution containing Co2+ or EGTA markedly suppressed the AMP-PNP-induced membrane response, thereby suggesting that the inward current responsible for the depolarizing effect of AMP-PNP may involve activation of a Ca(2+)-related conductance.

Adenylyl Imidodiphosphate↗
PubMed1992

Immunohistochemical detection of extravasated fibrinogen (fibrin) in human diabetic retina.

In diabetic retinopathy, breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier is an early functional disorder that can cause retinal edema, which in turn results in visual disturbance. Hard exudates, composed mainly of lipid and proteinaceous material, are one sign of chronic retinal edema caused by long-standing leakage from the vessels due to breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier. Utilizing diabetic retinas in which hard exudates were present, we performed immunohistochemical staining for fibrinogen. Because fibrinogen is a serum protein, its extravascular localization implies the existence of blood-retinal barrier breakdown. Our studies showed that the extravasated fibrinogen from blood-retinal barrier breakdown accumulated in the hard exudates and in areas of hemorrhage found primarily in the outer plexiform layer and was then phagocytosed by macrophages.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

A case of amniotic band syndrome with bilateral epibulbar choristoma.

An autopsy case of amniotic band syndrome with bilateral epibulbar choristoma is described. The left eye reveals a complex choristoma and the right eye a dermis-like choristoma. Both choristomatous lesions included lenticular tissue suggesting that rupture of the amnion, which is the initial event of amniotic band syndrome, might have occurred at about the fourth week of gestation. Since the other systemic manifestations of amniotic band syndrome are considered to be compression deformities of the fetus caused by oligohydramnios or amniotic band, the occurrence of epibulbar choristomas in both eyes in this case suggests that a compression mechanism may play a role in the pathogenesis of epibulbar choristoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Goniodysgenesis of the eye with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita.

We report an autopsy case of 4-day-old male infant with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita studied by histological methods in respect to the ocular tissues. The eye examined was normal in size, and the retina, optic nerve, choroid, sclera and extracocular muscle showed no remarkable histological changes. However, the cornea was thickened, and the iris, trabecular tissue and ciliary body showed maldevelopmental changes, which were all compatible with goniodysgenesis. The clinical data of this case did not demonstrate any signs of congenital glaucoma, but the present study indicates that an infant with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita has a potential for infantile glaucoma with goniodysgenesis.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1991

Concentration-related effects of extracellular application of ATP on the action potential and membrane currents of the guinea-pig vas deferens.

The ionic mechanisms underlying concentration-related alterations in the action potential configuration caused by ATP were studied using preparations of the guinea-pig vas deferens voltage-clamped by a double sucrose gap method. Under current-clamp conditions, ATP at concentration of 1.6 microM enhanced the rates of rise and of repolarisation of the action potential whereas at concentration of 1.6 mM it reduced both rates. Under voltage-clamp conditions, lower concentrations increased the maximum inward Ca current without altering kinetics or reversal potential. Higher concentrations reduced the maximum inward Ca current with slowing of rates of activations and inactivation, but also caused a negative shift in reversal potential without affecting conductance. These results suggest that a low ATP concentration activates the voltage-dependent Ca current channels and that the action of a high ATP concentration is related to the internal Ca ion concentration.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1991

Ocular histopathologic findings in a 46-year-old man with primary hyperoxaluria.

A 46-year-old Japanese man with familial primary hyperoxaluria had been suffering from urolithiasis since the age of 6 years and had been treated by hemodialysis for 8 years before his death. The alpha-ketoglutarate glyoxylate carboligase and serine pyruvate transoxylase activities in the patient's liver had markedly decreased, indicating type I primary hyperoxaluria. Ocular tissues obtained at autopsy were studied immunohistochemically and histochemically. The ocular alterations were characterized by an unusual distribution of oxalate deposits, mainly located in the outer plexiform layer and the nuclear layer but not in the retinal pigment epithelium or in the vascularized layer of the sensory retina. These distributions of the oxalate deposits were determined to be unrelated to the blood vessels.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗